Big Data and AI are being used to improve security and the state of health, nature, and the world.
But they can also be used for bad, as the following list demonstrates:
Mass surveillance
Profiling
Scoring
Citizen score
Targeting
Hacking
Cybercrime
Cyberwar
Information war
Hybrid war
Misinformation, also personalized
Disinformation, also personalized
Fake news, deep fakes
Behavioral manipulation
Manipulation of democratic elections
Personalized marketing
Neuromarketing
Censorship
Propaganda
PsyOps
Deception
Mind control
Brain hacking
Hate speech
Blackmailing
Cybermobbing, psychological abuse
Electronic harassment
Social engineering
Insider trading
Market manipulation
Neurocapitalism
Implanting dreams
Triggering accidents
Triggering crime (e.g. “footfall”)
A new kind of police state (“predictive policing”)
Internet of bodies
Potential of totalitarian control
Many of these applications would violate Data Protection Laws, the UN Declaration of Universal Human Rights, or the Nuremberg Codex, i.e. they would be considered crimes against humanity.
The crucial questions are: Can such dual uses be prevented by suitable laws and governance frameworks?
If yes, how would they have to look like?
