tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-53350717194685654062024-03-13T03:39:05.529+00:00FuturICT BlogFuturICThttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10529662700087975840noreply@blogger.comBlogger148125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5335071719468565406.post-23345101001670941112024-01-02T21:27:00.079+00:002024-01-02T22:35:35.774+00:00[BigPhi] or: Is World War III already happening? Teil 1: Europa’s Niedergang <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Teil 1: Europa’s Niedergang</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">„Wir haben ... in den Abgrund
geschaut.“<a href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IE; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">[1]</span></span></a> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: right;">Martin Schulz, ehemaliger
Präsident des EU Parlaments</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;"><span style="color: #04ff00;">For an approximate English
translation you may use deepl.com or Google Chrome </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;"><span style="color: #04ff00;">Disclaimer: Bitte betrachten
Sie Übereinstimmungen mit der Wirklichkeit als „zufällig“!</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Griechenland gilt gemeinhin als
Wiege der Demokratie. Umso trauriger ist es, dass das Land vor einigen Jahren in
eine existenzbedrohende finanzielle Notlage geraten ist, und Europa gleich mit...
</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Wie konnte es nur soweit kommen?
Oder um die Frage auszuweiten: Wie gehen Demokratien zugrunde? Wie kann wieder
eine Art Feudalsystem entstehen, in dem der Gleichheitsgrundsatz unter den
Menschen ausser Kraft gesetzt wird? Eine geschichtete Gesellschaft, in der am
meisten gilt, wer am meisten Menschen „unter sich“ hat? </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Die Antwort ist einfach: Wenn eine
Krise entsteht, die von Ressourcenknappheit geprägt ist. Dann reicht es nicht
mehr für alle! Dann muss priorisiert werden. Dann heiligt der Zweck die Mittel,
so wird oft behauptet. Dann müssen harte Entscheidungen getroffen werden,<a href="#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IE; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">[2]</span></span></a> und es scheint
gerechtfertigt, das „kleinere Übel“ zu wählen. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Schnell ist man dann bei
„Triage“, wo man unterscheidet zwischen jenen, die das Glück haben, dass ihnen
die meisten Ressourcen zu Teil werden, jenen, die Pech haben, weil man sie im
Grunde aufgibt, und dem Rest, der sich vielleicht irgendwie mit den wenigen verbliebenen
Ressourcen durchwursteln kann. Das „Social Credit Score“ System funktioniert im
Grunde genau so: denn dort hängen die Rechte und der Ressourcen-Zugang vom
persönlichen Punktestand ab. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Doch wie kommt es zu einer solchen
Krise? </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Durch Zufall bin ich über
folgende Geschichte gestolpert, die im Zusammenhang mit „Big Pharma“ steht.
Einer Branche, die das Zeug hat, das Leben der Menschen „vom Sperma bis zum
Grab“ zu kontrollieren.<a href="#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IE; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">[3]</span></span></a> Kurzum, es geht um den
medizinisch-industriellen Komplex und ihren Aufstieg zur „Biokratie“. Da es auf
Firmennamen hier nicht ankommt, sprechen wir im Folgenden einfach von „Big
Phi“, wobei der griechische Buchstabe „Phi“ hier für „Pharma“ steht. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Die Geschichte, die ich hier
berichte, wurde offenbar im Jahre 2018 öffentlich, im Zuge von Ermittlungen des
FBI. Unwillkürlich fragt man sich, was die US-Ermittlungsbehörde mit
Geschehnissen in Griechenland zu tun hat. Aber vielleicht war es eine Folge dessen,
dass „Big Phi“, wie es scheint, versucht hatte, einen Anwalt von Donald Trump
zu bestechen, um an politische Interna zu gelangen.<a href="#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn4;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IE; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">[4]</span></span></a>
</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Diese Bestechung versuchte man
pikanterweise gegen den damaligen US-Präsidenten zu instrumentalisieren, was man
– egal wie man nun zu Donald Trump steht – durchaus als frechen politischen
Destabilisierungsversuch der Supermacht USA werten kann. An der Affäre
beteiligt war übrigens auch ein russischer Oligarch. Aber zunächst einmal zurück
nach Griechenland. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Im Februar 2018 las man in den
Zeitungen vom „grössten Skandal in der Geschichte des griechischen Staates“.<a href="#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn5;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IE; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">[5]</span></span></a> „Big Phi“ habe durch
üppige Schmiergeldzahlungen die Medikamentenpreise nach oben getrieben. Mit
einem Betrag von etwa 50 Millionen Dollar seien tausende Ärzte sowie zahlreiche
Beamte und Spitzenpolitiker bestochen worden.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Im „Blick“ vom 12.9.2018 erfuhr
man Näheres:<a href="#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn6;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IE; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">[6]</span></span></a> „Eine Masche bestand
darin, die Ärzte an gefälschten Studien – vordergründig als Wirkungsstudien für
Medikamente getarnt – teilnehmen zu lassen. Dafür sahnten sie pro Studie
zwischen 3000 und 4000 Euro ab. Die Schmiergelder sollten jeweils die Absetzung
einer bestimmten Menge an [Big Phi]-Medikamenten garantieren.“ Im Ergebnis
wurden dem griechischen Gesundheitssystem schliesslich 1.6 Grippeimpfungen pro
Grieche belastet.<a href="#_ftn7" name="_ftnref7" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn7;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IE; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">[7]</span></span></a> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Aber das war nicht alles, wie
man im „Spiegel“ vom 20.2.3018 erfährt:<a href="#_ftn8" name="_ftnref8" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn8;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IE; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">[8]</span></span></a> „Die Zahlungen kamen
in verschiedener Form, von Bargeld in Umschlägen bis zu bezahlten Urlauben oder
anderen Geschenken.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Jahrelang wuchsen die Ausgaben
für die Pharmabranche in Griechenland unkontrolliert, von 1,4 Prozent des
Bruttoinlandsprodukts (BIP) im Jahr 2000 bis auf 2,1 Prozent im Jahr 2010 –
doppelt so hoch wie im europäischen Mittel! Es war jenes Jahr, in dem
Griechenland offiziell Finanzhilfen beim Internationalen Währungsfonds und der
Europäischen Union beantragte... </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Diese horrenden Ausgaben zu
senken war eine der Schlüsselvereinbarungen des „Rettungspakets“, um
Griechenland zu sanieren. 2015 waren die Kosten für Pharma-Produkte wieder auf
ein Prozent des BIP gefallen und nahe dem europäischen Standard. Hätte
Griechenland sich von den Jahren 2010 bis 2015 an dieses Verhältnis von
Ausgaben zu BIP gehalten, hätte das Land geschätzte 19,7 Milliarden Euro
einsparen können.“ </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Die „ZEIT“ vom 12.2.2018 schrieb
gar: „Dies soll den griechischen Staat in den vergangenen 15 Jahren laut
Regierungsangaben bis zu 23 Milliarden Euro gekostet haben.“<a href="#_ftn9" name="_ftnref9" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn9;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IE; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">[9]</span></span></a> Eine Menge Geld für
das Land! Und es gab einen Dominoeffekt...</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Denn Griechenland galt als
Referenzmarkt.<a href="#_ftn10" name="_ftnref10" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn10;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IE; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">[10]</span></span></a> So hatten die
Preisentwicklungen in Griechenland auch Auswirkungen auf andere europäische
Länder. Man könnte durchaus sagen, „Big Phi“ hatte Griechenland das finanzielle
Rückgrat gebrochen und damit eine beispiellosen Krise in Europa verursacht,
angesichts derer Martin Schulz, damals Präsident des EU-Parlaments, in sein
Tagebuch schrieb: „Wir haben kurz in den Abgrund geschaut. Dabei haben wir
gesehen, welche zerstörerische Kraft das Misstrauen besitzt.“<a href="#_ftn11" name="_ftnref11" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn11;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IE; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">[11]</span></span></a> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Am 23.2.2018 erfuhr man dann bei
„N-TV“ unter der Überschrift „Versickerte EU-Geld für Athen bei [Big Phi]?“:<a href="#_ftn12" name="_ftnref12" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn12;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IE; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">[12]</span></span></a> „Während das
griechische Gesundheitssystem am Tropf der EU-Länder hing, soll [Big Phi]
Politiker in Athen geschmiert haben, um Wucherpreise für seine Pillen
durchzusetzen.“ Und weiter: „Die Elite der griechischen Politik steht am
Pranger: zehn Top-Politiker der Konservativen und Sozialisten, die über
Jahrzehnte die Regierung stellten, darunter der frühere Premierminister und
jetzige Oppositionschef ..., der ehemalige Übergangs-Regierungschef ..., der
heutige Zentralbankchef ... und der griechische EU-Migrationskommissar und
Ex-Gesundheitsminister ...“</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Eine Entschuldigung der
betroffenen Politiker wäre wohl angemessen gewesen. Doch stattdessen lesen wir
verblüfft:12 </p>
<blockquote><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">„Die Politiker in Athen
streiten alles als "Hexenjagd" ab. "Die rücksichtsloseste und
lächerlichste Verschwörung aller Zeiten"... Die ... Regierung habe
"falsche Zeugen aufgerufen, um ihre Rivalen zu beschmutzen"...
"Schändliche Verleumdung" nannte [der] Notenbankchef ... gar die
Vorwürfe. Sie seien das Produkt "kranker Köpfe" und politisch
motiviert... </p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Völlig abwegig sind sie
keinesfalls. Schon 2010 tauchten die Namen mehrerer Ex-Minister auf einer
geheimen Steuersünder-Liste auf, die die damalige französische Finanzministerin
Christine Lagarde in Athen übergeben hatte. Auch enge Verwandte des damaligen
sozialistischen Finanzministers ... standen darauf. Die Lagarde-Liste
verschwand zwei Jahre lang in einer Schublade. Und als sie wieder auftauchte,
waren [einige] Namen ... von der Liste verschwunden. Der Ex-Finanzminister
bekam dafür <a href="https://www.n-tv.de/politik/Ex-Finanzminister-muss-zittern-article9968396.html" target="_blank">ein Jahr Gefängnis auf Bewährung</a>.”</p></blockquote>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">In der Tageswoche vom 10.
Februar 2018 erfuhr man weiter:<a href="#_ftn13" name="_ftnref13" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn13;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IE; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">[13]</span></span></a> </p>
<blockquote><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">„Zeugen haben angeblich [den] Ex-Premier
... beschuldigt, einen Koffer voller 500-Euro Scheine für Leistungen an [Big
Phi] in Hellas entgegengenommen zu haben. Medienberichten zufolge soll die Akte
[Big Phi] auch Aussagen über Geldlieferungen im Kofferraum von [Big
Phi]-Dienstwagen an griechische Regierungsstellen beinhalten. Journalisten
sollen als Mittelsmänner zwischen griechischen Politikern und dem Konzern
gedient haben.</p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Zu den brisantesten bekannt
gewordenen Vorwürfen zählen jene gegen [einen] EU-Kommissar... Er soll 2006 als
Gesundheitsminister unter dem Tisch Geld für HIV-Bluttests erhalten haben. 2009
soll [er] auch den Ankauf von 16 Millionen [Big Phi]-Grippeimpfungen für
Griechenland betrieben haben; das Land hat 10 Millionen Einwohner. </p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">[Er] weist die Anschuldigungen als
haltlos zurück. Auch [der] Notenbankchef ... zeigt sich überzeugt: «Diese
wackligen Vorwürfe haben kein Standbein.» Der ehemalige [Big Phi] Hellas
Vizepräsident ... tat die Anschuldigungen als «grosse Farce» ab. ... drohte
seinem Amtsnachfolger ... mit einer Verleumdungsklage. Und ... sieht hinter den
Vorwürfen grundsätzlich den Versuch, die gesamte Partei zu verunglimpfen...“ </p></blockquote>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Wie der Skandal ausging? Die
Politiker blieben straffrei, während die Kronzeugen, deren Identität unrechtmässig
enthüllt wurde, auf der Flucht sind. Eine ausführliche Darstellung finden Sie
bei „heise online“ vom 21. 2. 2020.<a href="#_ftn14" name="_ftnref14" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn14;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IE; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">[14]</span></span></a>
</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Immerhin musste „Big Phi“ eine
Geldstrafe von 346 Millionen Euro bezahlen.<a href="#_ftn15" name="_ftnref15" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn15;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IE; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">[15]</span></span></a>
Doch angesichts der zusätzlich verdienten Milliarden nimmt sich der Betrag eher
wie eine Kleinigkeit aus, man möchte fast sagen: wie ein Geschenk. Für „Big
Phi“ zahlte sich also aus, was viele wohl als „Korruption“ bezeichnen würden, während
halb Europa angesichts der bedrohlichen Finanzkrise in Scherben lag... </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Indessen war das nicht nur das
Werk von „Big Phi“. Vielmehr rang China „Big Phi“ enorme Rabatte ab.<a href="#_ftn16" name="_ftnref16" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn16;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IE; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">[16]</span></span></a> Obwohl der Deal für
die Firmen vergleichsweise unprofitabel war, liessen sie sich darauf ein, weil
sie auf den riesigen chinesischen Markt spekulierten.<a href="#_ftn17" name="_ftnref17" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn17;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IE; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">[17]</span></span></a>
Seitdem wird immer wieder über Medikamentenknappheit in Europa und der Schweiz
berichtet. Die Rechnung für das chinesische „Schnäppchen“ bezahlten die
westlichen Demokratien, wo die Medikamente zum grossen Teil erfunden worden
waren und vielfach höhere Preise gezahlt werden. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Mit anderen Worten: den Preis
bezahlen wir! Übrigens nicht nur für überteuerte Medikamente. Denn während für
das Finanzschlammassel in Europa oftmals die Griechen verantwortlich gemacht
werden, stellte sich bereits 2013 heraus: Von 207 Milliarden Euro Krediten, die
an Athen überwiesen wurden, gingen fast 160 Milliarden (also 77 Prozent!) an
Banken und Kapitalanleger.<a href="#_ftn18" name="_ftnref18" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn18;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-IE; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">[18]</span></span></a> Wenn Sie also
glauben, mit Ihren Steuern Griechenland gerettet zu haben, dann täuschen Sie
sich gewaltig! </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;">Sie haben dank der
Rettungspakete wohl vor allem Banken, Reichen und Pharma-Unternehmen die
Taschen gefüllt sowie China eine Menge Geld gespart. Das Resultat: Viele
Demokratien liegen in Scherben – oder im Sterben. Doch seitens der Profiteure
spürt man nur wenig Trauer. Man könnte fast meinen, es sei ihnen eigentlich ganz
recht...</p><br /><div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><br clear="all" />
<hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /><br /><a href="#_ftnref1">[1]</a> <a href="https://www.stern.de/sonst/vorabmeldungen/martin-schulz-zur-griechenlandkrise--wir-haben-in-den-abgrund-geschaut-6345934.html">https://www.stern.de/sonst/vorabmeldungen/martin-schulz-zur-griechenlandkrise--wir-haben-in-den-abgrund-geschaut-6345934.html</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref2">[2]</a> <a href="https://www.amazon.com/Good-People-Make-Tough-Choices/dp/0061743992/">https://www.amazon.com/Good-People-Make-Tough-Choices/dp/0061743992/</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref3">[3]</a> <a href="https://www.nzz.ch/feuilleton/zukunft-des-menschen-ersetzen-wir-gott-oder-die-maschinen-uns-ld.1561928">https://www.nzz.ch/feuilleton/zukunft-des-menschen-ersetzen-wir-gott-oder-die-maschinen-uns-ld.1561928</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref4">[4]</a> <a href="https://shorturl.at/empNZ">https://shorturl.at/empNZ</a> <br /><a href="https://shorturl.at/bwAM2">https://shorturl.at/bwAM2</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref5">[5]</a> <a href="https://shorturl.at/AHLZ3">https://shorturl.at/AHLZ3</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref6">[6]</a> <a href="https://shorturl.at/lqCO2">https://shorturl.at/lqCO2</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref7">[7]</a> <a href="https://shorturl.at/gtSX0">https://shorturl.at/gtSX0</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref8">[8]</a> <a href="https://shorturl.at/bsQXZ">https://shorturl.at/bsQXZ</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref9">[9]</a> <a href="https://shorturl.at/bgmvY">https://shorturl.at/bgmvY</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref10">[10]</a> <a href="https://shorturl.at/qGHY3">https://shorturl.at/qGHY3</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref11">[11]</a> <a href="https://www.stern.de/sonst/vorabmeldungen/martin-schulz-zur-griechenlandkrise--wir-haben-in-den-abgrund-geschaut-6345934.html">https://www.stern.de/sonst/vorabmeldungen/martin-schulz-zur-griechenlandkrise--wir-haben-in-den-abgrund-geschaut-6345934.html</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref12">[12]</a> <a href="https://shorturl.at/CIR04">https://shorturl.at/CIR04</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref13">[13]</a> <a href="https://shorturl.at/fmAEX">https://shorturl.at/fmAEX</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref14">[14]</a> <a href="https://www.heise.de/tp/features/Politiker-bleiben-straffrei-Kronzeugen-auf-der-Flucht-4665721.html">https://www.heise.de/tp/features/Politiker-bleiben-straffrei-Kronzeugen-auf-der-Flucht-4665721.html</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref15">[15]</a> <a href="https://shorturl.at/kqOPS">https://shorturl.at/kqOPS</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref16">[16]</a> <a href="https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/wirtschaft/chinas-macht-ueber-die-medikamentenpreise/story/27043292">https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/wirtschaft/chinas-macht-ueber-die-medikamentenpreise/story/27043292</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref17">[17]</a> <a href="https://shorturl.at/hkzT9">https://shorturl.at/hkzT9</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref18">[18]</a> <a href="https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wirtschaft/konjunktur/griechenland/europas-schuldenkrise-griechenland-hilfe-vor-allem-an-banken-und-reiche-12224468.html">https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wirtschaft/konjunktur/griechenland/europas-schuldenkrise-griechenland-hilfe-vor-allem-an-banken-und-reiche-12224468.html</a><div id="ftn104" style="mso-element: footnote;">
</div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5335071719468565406.post-17646572580575083242024-01-02T21:27:00.078+00:002024-01-02T22:34:17.089+00:00[BigPhi] or: Is World War III already happening? Teil 2: Donald Trump vs. Big Pharma<p><br /> </p><p>Teil 2: Donald Trump vs. Big Pharma<br /> </p><h3 style="text-align: left;">A "piecemeal" World War III may have already begun.<a href="#_ftn1">[1]</a> </h3><h3 style="text-align: right;"> Pope Francis, 2014 <br /></h3><p><span style="color: #04ff00;">For an approximate English translation you may use deepl.com or Google Chrome <br />Disclaimer: Bitte betrachten Sie Übereinstimmungen mit der Wirklichkeit als „zufällig“! <br /></span><br /> Es war Anfang 2017. Donald Trump war gerade zum neuen Präsidenten gewählt worden, doch vereidigt würde er erst in einer Woche. Da wurde Trump bereits in einem internen Meeting gewarnt, es drohe die schlimmste Influenza Pandemie seit 1918. So kann man es in „Politico“ nachlesen.<a href="#_ftn2">[2]</a> „Transmission likely through respiratory routes“ hiess es da,<a href="#_ftn3">[3]</a> und die Rede war von einer „Public Health Emergency“ (PHE). <br /><br />Einige Monate später entfaltete sich ein politischer Skandal. Eine Frau namens Stormy Daniels trat auf den Plan. Es hiess, die Pornodarstellerin habe im Jahr 2006 eine Affäre mit Donald Trump gehabt.<a href="#_ftn4">[4]</a> So etwas ist natürlich nicht verboten, aber politisch ausschlachten lässt es sich doch. Um dem vorzubeugen, hatte Trumps langjähriger Troubleshooter, Michael Cohen, vorsorglich Schweigegeld an Stormy Daniels gezahlt, schien es. Doch viel interessanter ist ein anderer Umstand: Cohen „hat hohe Beträge von Firmen erhalten – für unbekannte Gegenleistungen“.<a href="#_ftn5">[5]</a> <br /><br />Offenbar versuchte man über Trumps Vertrauten herauszufinden, wie sich Trump gegenüber [Big Phi] positionieren würde. Vielleicht, weil der involvierten Firma in den USA eine Milliardenbusse drohte.<a href="#_ftn6">[6]</a> Im April 2016 erfuhr man dann, ein „Whistleblower bringt [Big Phi] in die Klemme“.<a href="#_ftn7">[7]</a> Vermutlich erhoffte man sich die Hilfe des Präsidenten in der Sache. Doch als erkennbar wurde, dass Trump nicht mitspielen würde, kam es zum Skandal. Zwar konnte man nicht nachweisen, dass Trump die Schweigegeldzahlung beauftragt hatte. Aber es sah so aus, als sei Donald Trump in eine Sexfalle getappt. <br /><br />Am Ende wurde Stormy Daniels verurteilt – letztinstanzlich, wie es zunächst schien, im Jahre 2021 – doch der Rechtsstreit ist immer noch im Gange.<a href="#_ftn8">[8]</a> Zwischenzeitlich wurde Michael Cohen zu Fall gebracht. Er stolperte über „Russiagate“ – und musste 2019 ins Gefängnis.<a href="#_ftn9">[9]</a> Ob das Donald Trump auf sich sitzen lassen würde? <br /><br />Wir werden noch darauf zurück kommen. Am 22. Mai 2019 las man erst einmal: „[Big Phi] bereitet die Öffentlichkeit auf einen Preisschock vor“.<a href="#_ftn10">[10]</a> „Die erste millionenteure Gentherapie des … Medikamentenherstellers … befindet sich in den USA kurz vor dem Zulassungsentscheid. Das Management der Firma versucht, durch intensive Lobbyarbeit um Verständnis zu werben. Dennoch droht ein Imageschaden.“ Offenbar arbeitete man jetzt an Medizin für Eliten, für die Geld keine Rolle spielt... <br /><br />Interessierten sich die Pharmariesen überhaupt noch für die Gesundheit normaler Menschen, oder waren sie jetzt völlig abgehoben? Die Antwort kam, so scheint’s, am 20. Dezember 2019. Da war von einer „Lebenslotterie“ die Rede.<a href="#_ftn11">[11]</a> Man hatte eine Behandlung entwickelt, die mehrere Millionen Dollar kostete. Wenn überhaupt, würde sie nur wenigen Menschen zugute kommen. Wer sollte das bezahlen? Wie sollte das Gesundheitssystem solche extremen Ungleichheiten bewältigen? Wäre das überhaupt noch mit dem demokratischen Gleichheitsgrundsatz vereinbar? Würde es bald eine Gesundheitselite geben – und die Gesellschaft in verschiedene Schichten zerfallen? <br /><br />Sehr überraschend kam es also nicht, als Donald Trump im Juli 2019 [Big Phi] unter Druck setzte und gegen zu hohe Medikamentenpreise wetterte.<a href="#_ftn12">[12]</a> Doch die Schlacht, so konnte man meinen, war bereits zuvor eröffnet worden. Die Pharmabranche liess anscheinend die Muskeln spielen. Denn bereits im Juni 2019 konnte man lesen, dass die medizinische Versorgung eingeschränkt werden müsse. Selbst in der Schweiz, einem der reichsten Länder der Welt, kam es zu Lieferengpässen. Es wurden 600 Medikamente knapp!<a href="#_ftn13">[13]</a> <br /><br />Im September 2019 dann eskalierte die Lage vollends. [Big Phi] stoppte die Entwicklung neuer Antibiotika,<a href="#_ftn14">[14]</a> ohne die die Todesraten bei Infektionen sprunghaft in die Höhe schnellen würden. Man hätte das auch als Erpressung verstehen können. Die Firmen hielten sich nicht einmal mehr an schon gegebene Zusagen.<a href="#_ftn15">[15]</a> Der vorgeschobene Grund: chronische Krankheiten wie Krebs, Rheuma und Bluthochdruck lohnten sich für die Unternehmen mehr.<a href="#_ftn16">[16]</a> Da konnte endgültig der Eindruck entstehen: die Pharmaunternehmen wollten langfristige „Medikamenten-Abos“, also im Prinzip chronisch Kranke – gewissermassen „Drogenabhängige“. Sie waren, so konnte man meinen, nicht mehr daran interessiert, dass Menschen gesund würden oder blieben. <br /><br />Am 29. Oktober 2019 folgte eine weitere Meldung, dass Medikamentenlieferungen ausblieben.<a href="#_ftn17">[17]</a> Liess man Patient*innen einfach sterben?! Waren sie, ohne es zu ahnen, zu Geiseln eines epischen Machtkampfes darüber geworden, wer im Gesundheitswesen in Zukunft das Sagen haben würde: [Big Phi] oder die Politik? Im Juli 2020 gab es immerhin einen Etappensieg. Die führenden Konzerne versprachen, kollektiv in einen Milliardenfonds zur Entwicklung neuer Antibiotika zu investieren.<a href="#_ftn18">[18]</a> <br /><br />Doch dann kam COVID-19, und die Welt stand wieder vor den gleichen Problemen. Es war für die Pharmaindustrie finanziell nicht interessant gewesen, aus den Erkenntnissen der Sars- und Mers-Epidemien zu lernen, um sich für ähnliche Fälle wie COVID zu wappnen...<a href="#_ftn19">[19]</a> <br /><br />Trotzdem standen Impfungen schneller bereit als erwartet. Die Pharmaindustrie rückte sie allerdings erst nach der US-Wahl am 3. November 2020 heraus.<a href="#_ftn20">[20]</a> Obwohl die US-Regierung Milliarden in die „Operation Warp Speed“ investiert hatte, um neue Impfstoffe zu entwickeln.<a href="#_ftn21">[21]</a> <br /><br />Statt reguläre Zulassungen setzte [Big Phi] eine Notfallzulassung mit beschränkter Haftung durch.<a href="#_ftn22">[22]</a> Und selbst als die Vakzine zugelassen waren, hielt [Big Phi] die Lieferzusagen nicht ein.<a href="#_ftn23">[23]</a> Am 29. Januar 2021 bezeichnete die „NZZ“ den Streit mit den Pharmafirmen schliesslich als „Bewährungsprobe für die EU“.<a href="#_ftn24">[24]</a> Es wundert also nicht, dass die „Frankfurter Allgemeine“ am 1. Februar 2021 eine Kriegswirtschaft ins Spiel brachte.<a href="#_ftn25">[25]</a> Mit anderen Worten: die Produktion sollte staatlich gelenkt werden.<a href="#_ftn26">[26]</a> <br /><br />Im Sommer 2020 neigte sich der Mammut-Prozess gegen [Big Phi] schliesslich dem Ende zu.<a href="#_ftn27">[27]</a> Dem Pharmaunternehmen drohte eine empfindliche Strafe.<a href="#_ftn28">[28]</a> Damit aber nicht genug. Der „Buy American“-Erlass sorgte bei [Big Phi] für Panik.<a href="#_ftn29">[29]</a> Donald Trump machte Druck auf die Medikamentenpreise.<a href="#_ftn30">[30]</a> <br /><br />Wenn ich es richtig verstanden habe, sollten Preisaufschläge in den USA der Vergangenheit angehören. Massgeblich sollte nun der weltweit niedrigste Preis für ein Medikament sein. Den letzten Sargnagel schlug China ein. Es drückte die Medikamentenpreise wie kein anderes Land. Die „NZZ“ wusste schliesslich zu berichten:<a href="#_ftn31">[31]</a> „Pharmakonzerne ... lassen sich in der Hoffnung auf grosse Volumen zähneknirschend darauf ein.“ <br /><br />Der Machtkampf endete mit der Wahl von Joe Biden und mit einem Seitenhieb Donald Trumps gegen [Big Phi].<a href="#_ftn32">[32]</a> In Wirklichkeit habe er die Wahl gewonnen, insistierte er. Das Wahlergebnis sei gefälscht worden. In der Tat legte eine Geheimdienstuntersuchung illegale ausländische Einflussnahme auf die Wahl nahe.<a href="#_ftn33">[33]</a> Doch die Gerichte entschieden damals anders. <br /><br />Dennoch hatte [Big Phi] weltweit Ohrfeigen kassiert. Die Gewinne brachen ein.<a href="#_ftn34">[34]</a> Bis die Politik im Zuge von COVID-19 gezwungen wurde, absurde Mengen von Impfdosen zu bestellen...<a href="#_ftn35">[35]</a> War das die Retour-Kutsche? Befanden wir uns in einer Art globalen Krieg, wie es Emmanuel Macron vieldeutig formulierte?<a href="#_ftn36">[36]</a> <br /><br />Falls das so ist – wer kann ihn stoppen, diesen Krieg? Denn inzwischen scheint sich dieser Krieg direkt um uns zu drehen. [BigPhi] will an unsere intimsten Gesundheitsdaten,<a href="#_ftn37">[37]</a> unsere „digitalen Zwillinge“.<a href="#_ftn38">[38]</a> Ganz, wie es ihnen beliebt, wollen sie über unser digitales Abbild bestimmen. Sollte ihnen das gelingen, erlangen sie die Kontrolle auch über uns – und unser Leben... Die „Biokratie“ <a href="#_ftn39">[39]</a> wäre perfekt! Wir würden endgültig zum Produkt! <br /><br />Zwar sind unsere Menschenrechte unveräusserlich – man kann sie also nicht verkaufen und nicht verschenken. Doch verteidigen, liebe Politiker*innen, muss man sie schon! Und zwar ohne „wenn“ und „aber“! Auch angesichts des Pandemie-Vertrags der WHO!<a href="#_ftn40">[40]</a> Denn, wenn es gut ausgehen soll mit dem digitalen Zeitalter, dann muss die Selbstbestimmung im maximal möglichen Masse umgesetzt werden. Pandemien dürfen nicht zur Entschuldigung für den Verfassungsbruch werden... <br /><br /> <br /><br /><a href="#_ftnref1">[1]</a> <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-29190890">https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-29190890</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref2">[2]</a> <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2020/03/16/trump-inauguration-warning-scenario-pandemic-132797">https://www.politico.com/news/2020/03/16/trump-inauguration-warning-scenario-pandemic-132797</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref3">[3]</a> damals noch mit Bezug auf den Influenza-Virus H9N2 <br /> <a href="#_ftnref4">[4]</a> <a href="https://shorturl.at/gsG58">https://shorturl.at/gsG58</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref5">[5]</a> <a href="https://shorturl.at/hkH24">https://shorturl.at/hkH24</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref6">[6]</a> <a href="https://shorturl.at/kGQRY">https://shorturl.at/kGQRY</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref7">[7]</a> <a href="https://shorturl.at/hOU58">https://shorturl.at/hOU58</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref8">[8]</a> <a href="https://shorturl.at/gsG58">https://shorturl.at/gsG58</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref9">[9]</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Cohen_(lawyer)">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Cohen_(lawyer)</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref10">[10]</a> <a href="https://shorturl.at/nrM69">https://shorturl.at/nrM69</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref11">[11]</a> <a href="https://shorturl.at/ETX39">https://shorturl.at/ETX39</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref12">[12]</a> <a href="https://www.srf.ch/news/wirtschaft/big-pharma-unter-druck-trump-wettert-gegen-zu-hohe-medikamentenpreise">https://www.srf.ch/news/wirtschaft/big-pharma-unter-druck-trump-wettert-gegen-zu-hohe-medikamentenpreise</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref13">[13]</a> <a href="https://www.aargauerzeitung.ch/schweiz/bis-zu-600-medikamente-sind-in-der-schweiz-nicht-lieferbar-die-acht-wichtigsten-fragen-und-antworten-ld.1129152">https://www.aargauerzeitung.ch/schweiz/bis-zu-600-medikamente-sind-in-der-schweiz-nicht-lieferbar-die-acht-wichtigsten-fragen-und-antworten-ld.1129152</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref14">[14]</a> <a href="https://www.svz.de/deutschland-welt/wissenschaft/NDR-Bericht-Warum-die-Pharmaindustrie-keine-neuen-Antibiotika-entwickelt-id25557227.html">https://www.svz.de/deutschland-welt/wissenschaft/NDR-Bericht-Warum-die-Pharmaindustrie-keine-neuen-Antibiotika-entwickelt-id25557227.html</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref15">[15]</a> <a href="https://www.dw.com/de/pharmakonzerne-zeigen-kein-interesse-an-neuen-antibiotika/a-50402622">https://www.dw.com/de/pharmakonzerne-zeigen-kein-interesse-an-neuen-antibiotika/a-50402622</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref16">[16]</a> <a href="https://www.ndr.de/ratgeber/gesundheit/Antibiotika-Forschung-Warum-Unternehmen-aussteigen,antibiotika586.html">https://www.ndr.de/ratgeber/gesundheit/Antibiotika-Forschung-Warum-Unternehmen-aussteigen,antibiotika586.html</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref17">[17]</a> <a href="https://www.luzernerzeitung.ch/wirtschaft/ein-fataler-engpass-in-der-schweiz-fehlen-600-medikamente-ld.1163922">https://www.luzernerzeitung.ch/wirtschaft/ein-fataler-engpass-in-der-schweiz-fehlen-600-medikamente-ld.1163922</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref18">[18]</a> <a href="https://nzzas.nzz.ch/wirtschaft/pharmaindustrie-milliardenfonds-soll-neue-antibiotika-entwickeln-ld.1565885">https://nzzas.nzz.ch/wirtschaft/pharmaindustrie-milliardenfonds-soll-neue-antibiotika-entwickeln-ld.1565885</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref19">[19]</a> <a href="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/gesundheit/pharmaindustrie-eu-kommission-1.4915081">https://www.sueddeutsche.de/gesundheit/pharmaindustrie-eu-kommission-1.4915081</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref20">[20]</a> <a href="https://shorturl.at/JP357">https://shorturl.at/JP357</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref21">[21]</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Warp_Speed">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Warp_Speed</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref22">[22]</a> <a href="https://www.tagesschau.de/investigativ/ndr-wdr/corona-pandemie-eu-impfstoffe-101.html">https://www.tagesschau.de/investigativ/ndr-wdr/corona-pandemie-eu-impfstoffe-101.html</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref23">[23]</a> <a href="https://shorturl.at/bkSU8">https://shorturl.at/bkSU8</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref24">[24]</a> <a href="https://www.nzz.ch/international/der-streit-mit-pharmafirmen-als-bewaehrungsprobe-der-eu-ld.1599057">https://www.nzz.ch/international/der-streit-mit-pharmafirmen-als-bewaehrungsprobe-der-eu-ld.1599057</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref25">[25]</a> <a href="https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/inland/impfstoffstreit-brauchen-wir-eine-kriegswirtschaft-17176138.html">https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/inland/impfstoffstreit-brauchen-wir-eine-kriegswirtschaft-17176138.html</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref26">[26]</a> <a href="https://shorturl.at/disvP">https://shorturl.at/disvP</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref27">[27]</a> <a href="https://shorturl.at/doHP5">https://shorturl.at/doHP5</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref28">[28]</a> <a href="https://shorturl.at/ivJLU">https://shorturl.at/ivJLU</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref29">[29]</a> <a href="https://www.handelszeitung.ch/unternehmen/buy-american-erlass-sorgt-fur-panik-der-pharmaindustrie">https://www.handelszeitung.ch/unternehmen/buy-american-erlass-sorgt-fur-panik-der-pharmaindustrie</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref30">[30]</a> <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/usa-pharma-trump-idDEKBN24B0KB">https://www.reuters.com/article/usa-pharma-trump-idDEKBN24B0KB</a> <br /><a href="https://www.medmedia.at/relatus-pharm/us-praesident-trump-macht-druck-auf-pharmapreise/">https://www.medmedia.at/relatus-pharm/us-praesident-trump-macht-druck-auf-pharmapreise/</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref31">[31]</a> <a href="https://shorturl.at/hnq36">https://shorturl.at/hnq36</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref32">[32]</a> <a href="https://www.welt.de/politik/ausland/article220689822/Donald-Trump-US-Praesident-startet-mit-bizarrem-Auftritt-ins-Wochenende.html">https://www.welt.de/politik/ausland/article220689822/Donald-Trump-US-Praesident-startet-mit-bizarrem-Auftritt-ins-Wochenende.html</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref33">[33]</a> <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-12-16/trump-spy-chief-stirs-dispute-over-china-election-meddling-views">https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-12-16/trump-spy-chief-stirs-dispute-over-china-election-meddling-views</a> <br /><a href="https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/intelligence-analysts-downplayed-election-interference-trump-inspector">https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/intelligence-analysts-downplayed-election-interference-trump-inspector</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref34">[34]</a> <a href="https://shorturl.at/mrBGW">https://shorturl.at/mrBGW</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref35">[35]</a> <a href="https://shorturl.at/fmxC6">https://shorturl.at/fmxC6</a> <br /><a href="https://shorturl.at/foBP1">https://shorturl.at/foBP1</a> <br /><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210804105941/https:/www.tagesschau.de/ausland/europa/corona-eu-herbst-101.html">https://web.archive.org/web/20210804105941/https://www.tagesschau.de/ausland/europa/corona-eu-herbst-101.html</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref36">[36]</a> <a href="https://www.politico.eu/article/emmanuel-macron-on-coronavirus-were-at-war/">https://www.politico.eu/article/emmanuel-macron-on-coronavirus-were-at-war/</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref37">[37]</a> <a href="https://magazin.nzz.ch/hintergrund/datenschutz-firmen-konsortium-will-macht-ueber-private-daten-ld.1486159">https://magazin.nzz.ch/hintergrund/datenschutz-firmen-konsortium-will-macht-ueber-private-daten-ld.1486159</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref38">[38]</a> <a href="https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wirtschaft/software-weckruf-behaltet-die-kontrolle-ueber-euer-digitales-ich-15448079.html">https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wirtschaft/software-weckruf-behaltet-die-kontrolle-ueber-euer-digitales-ich-15448079.html</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref39">[39]</a> <a href="https://www.nzz.ch/feuilleton/zukunft-des-menschen-ersetzen-wir-gott-oder-die-maschinen-uns-ld.1561928">https://www.nzz.ch/feuilleton/zukunft-des-menschen-ersetzen-wir-gott-oder-die-maschinen-uns-ld.1561928</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref40">[40]</a> <a href="https://www.nzz.ch/wissenschaft/die-naechste-pandemie-ist-unausweichlich-ein-weltweiter-pandemievertrag-soll-kuenftig-das-schlimmste-verhindern-wie-viele-freiheiten-wollen-wir-dafuer-aufgeben-ld.1770313">https://www.nzz.ch/wissenschaft/die-naechste-pandemie-ist-unausweichlich-ein-weltweiter-pandemievertrag-soll-kuenftig-das-schlimmste-verhindern-wie-viele-freiheiten-wollen-wir-dafuer-aufgeben-ld.1770313</a> <br /> </p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5335071719468565406.post-53855767437551982712024-01-02T21:26:00.079+00:002024-01-04T08:30:52.588+00:00[BigPhi] or: Is World War III already happening? Teil 3: Milliardäre als Philanthrophen<p> <br /><br />[BigPhi] or: Is World War III already happening? <br /><br />Teil 3: Milliardäre als Philanthrophen <br /></p><p><br />„Ok, I will destroy humans.“<a href="#_ftn1">[1]</a> </p><p style="text-align: right;">Der humanoide Roboter namens „Sophia“ <br /></p><p style="text-align: left;">For an approximate English translation you may use deepl.com or Google Chrome <br /><br />Disclaimer: Bitte betrachten Sie Übereinstimmungen mit der Wirklichkeit als „zufällig“! <br /><br />Im Folgenden möchte ich Ihnen die Geschichte eines bekannten Milliardärs erzählen. Wie viele seiner Art betätigte er sich gern als „Philanthrop“. Übersetzt: als „Menschenfreund“ oder „Wohltäter“, wie man so schön sagt. Also werden wir den edlen Spender vorläufig „Mr. Good“ nennen. <br /><br />Auf der Webseite seiner Stiftung liest man unter anderem:<a href="#_ftn2">[2]</a> <br /><br /></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;">„[Mr. Good] is a former member of the Mind, Brain and Behavior Committee at Harvard, the Trilateral Commission, the Council on Foreign Relations, the New York Academy of Science and a former Rockefeller University Board Member.” <br /></p><p style="text-align: left;"><br />Daneben findet man, dass er auch zahlreiche Forschungsprojekte gefördert hat, von denen man sagen kann, dass sie die Forschungslandschaft in der Welt massgeblich geprägt haben. Liest sich alles sehr beeindruckend! Wir sind also geneigt, zu schliessen: der edle Spender ist ein guter, kluger, seriöser, und freigiebiger Mann! <br /><br />Die „Trilateral Commission“<a href="#_ftn3">[3]</a> und das „Council of Foreign Relations”<a href="#_ftn4">[4]</a> sind zwei der einflussreichsten politischen Think Tanks. Sie haben die Globalisierung massgeblich vorangetrieben. Zu den Mitgliedern der Trilateral Commission gehörten zum Beispiel David Rockefeller, Henry Kissinger, Paul Volcker, Mario Monti, Jean-Claude Trichet, Sigmar Gabriel, Joe Kaeser, Heinz Riesenhuber, Axel Weber, also respektierte, einflussreiche Persönlichkeiten aus Politik und Wirtschaft. <br /><br />Das „Council of Foreign Relations“ ist nicht weniger prominent besetzt, wie ein Blick auf die entsprechende Wikipedia Seite zeigt.<a href="#_ftn5">[5]</a> Unter den Gründungsmitgliedern befanden sich u.a. der Ölmagnat David Rockefeller, der Bankier Paul Warburg, und Allen Dulles, erster ziviler Director of Central Intelligence und Leiter der CIA während des Kalten Kriegs.<a href="#_ftn6">[6]</a> <br /><br />Doch dann geschah das Ungeheuerliche: über Mr. Good wurden schlimme Dinge verbreitet. Schlimmere, als man sich je hätte vorstellen können. Denn „Mr. Good“ war Jeffrey Epstein. Sogar bei Netflix gibt es eine mehrteilige Dokumentation über ihn.<a href="#_ftn7">[7]</a> <br /><br />Sie haben vielleicht gehört oder gelesen, dass er verhaftet wurde und sich am Ende in einer Gefängniszelle umbrachte.<a href="#_ftn8">[8]</a> Was auch immer passierte: Es hatte wahrscheinlich eine Reihe prominenter Leute erpresst. Betroffen war wohl unter anderem Prince Andrew, der zweite Sohn von Queen Elisabeth II., der – zumindest vorübergehend – von seinen öffentlichen Ämtern und Ehrenämtern zurücktreten musste, darunter auch militärischen.<a href="#_ftn9">[9]</a> Er musste sogar sein Office im Buckingham Palast räumen.<a href="#_ftn10">[10]</a> <br /><br />Immer wieder war er in den Schlagzeilen.<a href="#_ftn11">[11]</a> Es hiess, Prince Andrew sei auf Epstein’s Insel zu Besuch gewesen. Einer Insel, die als „Island of Sin“ bekannt wurde – oder auch als „Pedo[phile] Island“.<a href="#_ftn12">[12]</a> Für Prince Andrew war das verheerend.<a href="#_ftn13">[13]</a>,<a href="#_ftn14">[14]</a> <br /><br />Die Flüge zur Epstein’s Insel wurden zuweilen als „Lolita Express“ bezeichnet.<a href="#_ftn15">[15]</a> Weit über hundert Politiker und VIPs waren in Epstein’s Logbüchern verzeichnet,<a href="#_ftn16">[16]</a> der minutiös über seine Besucher Buch geführt hatte. Kein Wunder, dass Epstein enge Kontakte zu FBI und CIA nachgesagt wurden. Manche hielten ihn auch für einen Mossad-Agenten.<a href="#_ftn17">[17]</a> <br /><br />Kontrollierten also letztlich Geheimdienste die Welt, durch ein perfides System von Spionage, Sexfallen und Erpressung? Das fragte sich da mancher... War die Welt gar in die Hand mafiöser Kreise gefallen, die sich bestehender Eliten und Institutionen geschickt bedienten? <br /><br />Auf „Epstein Island“ jedenfalls stand ein eindrucksvoller Bau, der an eine Moschee erinnerte. In ihr sollen sich ungeheuerliche Dinge zugetragen haben. Ich behaupte nicht, dass diese Anschuldigungen wahr sind – wir wollen sie daher als Gerüchte zurückweisen, bis sie bewiesen oder widerlegt sind. Was wirklich stimmt, wird die Öffentlichkeit vielleicht nie erfahren. Doch einige der gegen Epstein erhobenen Vorwürfe sind offiziell bestätigt.<a href="#_ftn18">[18]</a> Beispielsweise war Jeffrey Epstein als Sexualstraftäter verurteilt, soviel war klar.<a href="#_ftn19">[19]</a> <br /><br />Das hinderte viele nicht daran, Spenden von Epstein entgegen zu nehmen oder mit ihm Business zu treiben. Denn er war Mitglied der High Society, wie man so schön sagt. Er kannte jeden, der Rang und Namen hatte. Er hatte es anscheinend geschafft, die Elite zu infiltrieren. Die Geschehnisse auf der infamen Insel, auf die er viele VIPs eingeladen hatte, wurden offenbar auch gefilmt.<a href="#_ftn20">[20]</a> Und die Vorgänge waren wohl so ungeheuerlich, dass selbst jene, die mit ihm anderweitig Kontakt gehabt hatten, erpressbar wurden. Möglicherweise liess sich das sogar geschäftlich nutzen... <br /><br />Epstein schaffte es auch, die Zentren politischer und unternehmerischer, medialer und juristischer Macht zu unterwandern, genauso wie die Leuchttürme der Wissenschaft. Viele hatten keine Ahnung, was da lief. Und keiner, der Bescheid wusste, konnte etwas dagegen tun. Denn offenbar stand die Existenz von jedem auf dem Spiel, der nicht nach der Pfeife des „Systems Epstein“ tanzte. <br /><br />Trotz allem nahm das Schicksal seinen Lauf. Neben Prince Andrew traf es offenbar auch Bill Gates,<a href="#_ftn21">[21]</a> den Microsoft-Chef, und Joi Ito,<a href="#_ftn22">[22]</a> den Direktor des weltberühmten „MediaLabs“ am „Massachusetts Institute of Technology“,<a href="#_ftn23">[23]</a> kurz „MIT“.<a href="#_ftn24">[24]</a> Dem „MIT“ war es zum Verhängnis geworden, dass das berühmte „MediaLab“ von Epstein Spenden angenommen hatte, nachdem er schon als Sexualstraftäter verurteilt worden war. Doch das „MediaLab“ ist auch die Forschungsinstitution, welche die Digitalisierung prägte – und jede Menge weitere Technologien... <br /><br />Der Rücktritt des Medialab-Chefs warf generelle Fragen auf. Hatte das Geld eines fehlgeleiteten Milliardärs die ganze Welt in die Irre geführt? War so etwas möglich? Das „MIT MediaLab“ bestimmte jedenfalls erheblich, wo es in der digitalen Welt lang ging. Dies war kaum zu bezweifeln. Es wurde auch mitverantwortlich dafür gemacht, dass die gesetzliche Regulierung von Künstlicher Intelligenz ausgeblieben war.<a href="#_ftn25">[25]</a> <br /><br />Was also war Epstein’s Ideologie? Eine durchaus wichtige Frage! Denn Epstein glaubte an Eugenik,<a href="#_ftn26">[26]</a> also daran, dass man auf den Menschen Zuchtwahl und soziale Selektion anwenden solle. Ein Umstand übrigens, den er mit andere Philanthropen teilte.<a href="#_ftn27">[27]</a> Dies war vielleicht sogar im Zusammenhang mit algorithmen-basierten Triage-Tools relevant.<a href="#_ftn28">[28]</a> Wie auch immer – Epstein wollte wohl nichts weniger als eine neue Menschheit.<a href="#_ftn29">[29]</a> <br /><br />Man könnte sagen, der Transhumanismus<a href="#_ftn30">[30]</a> war seine Religion.<a href="#_ftn31">[31]</a> Wenn dem so war, würden Menschen einst durch Cyborgs und diese durch superintelligente Roboter ersetzt werden.<a href="#_ftn32">[32]</a> Die Konsequenz wäre, dass man irgendwann Menschen vielleicht nicht mehr von intelligenten Maschinen unterscheiden könnte.<a href="#_ftn33">[33]</a> Ja, die „Gattung Mensch“, wie wir sie heute kennen, würde am Ende womöglich ausgerottet.<a href="#_ftn34">[34]</a> Es wundert also nicht, dass er auch still und leise „Sophia“,<a href="#_ftn35">[35]</a> die „emotionale“ humanoide Roboter*in mitfinanzierte, welcher Saudi-Arabien sogar das Bürgerrecht verliehen hatte.<a href="#_ftn36">[36]</a> <br /><br />Mit der Obama Brain Initiative und dem Human Brain Projekt war die transhumanistische Politik offenbar spätestens 2013 auf den Weg gebracht worden.<a href="#_ftn37">[37]</a> Was bedeutete das für die Zukunft der Menschheit? Leute wie Elon Musk glaubten, dass Künstliche Intelligenz, falsch genutzt, einst die grösste Bedrohung der Menschheit werden könne.<a href="#_ftn38">[38]</a> Auch Microsoft-Gründer Bill Gates und das Physik-Genie Stephen Hawking äusserten sich besorgt.<a href="#_ftn39">[39]</a> <br /><br />Fragen wir doch am besten die Künstliche Intelligenz, die die Welt retten möchte, selbst! Auf die Frage: „Do you want to destroy humans?“ antwortete „Sophia“, die Künstliche Intelligenz, die Jeffrey Epstein gefördert hatte: <br /><br /></p><p style="text-align: left;">„Ok, I will destroy humans.“<a href="#_ftn40">[40]</a> <br /></p><p style="text-align: left;"><br />Muss man das ernst nehmen? Nicht unbedingt! Aber, wenn der Geldgeber an Eugenik glaubt, vielleicht schon! Was passiert wohl, wenn man einer Künstlichen Intelligenz in einer „überbevölkerten Welt“ den Auftrag gibt, eine nachhaltige Welt zu schaffen? Droht da nicht sowas wie ein „Judgment Day“-Szenario, wo man sich störender oder vermeintlich „überflüssiger“ Menschen entledigte – etwa durch ein algorithmen-basiertes System wie „Skynet“<a href="#_ftn41">[41]</a>? <br /></p><p><br />Apple-Mitbegründer Steve Wozniak scheint sich noch nicht ganz sicher zu sein, wie es einst ausgehen wird. Seine Erwartungen für die Zukunft sind so:<a href="#_ftn42">[42]</a> <br /><br /></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;">„Will we be the gods? Will we be the family pets? Or will we be ants that get stepped on? I don't know...” <br /></p><p><br />Vielleicht geht es ja für die einen so aus und für die anderen so? Wenn man „Sophia“ glaubt, oder dem KI-Pionier mit der interessanten Telefonnummer +41 58 666666 x,<a href="#_ftn43">[43]</a> dann werden wir Menschen einmal wie Katzen sein.<a href="#_ftn44">[44]</a> Nach der Singularität nämlich, wenn Künstliche Intelligenz dem Menschen endgültig überlegen ist. Wann das soweit ist? Manche sagen „in 2 bis 3 Jahrzehnten“. Andere „in fünf Jahren“. Und wieder andere „nie“. Doch manche glauben, man versuche schon jetzt, mit Künstlicher Intelligenz die Welt zu steuern. Beispielsweise scheint die Planetary Health Agenda solche Ambitionen zu haben. <br /><br />Ich schliesse mit einer aufschlussreichen und verstörenden Geschichte, die man immerhin in der renommierten „New York Times“ nachlesen kann.<a href="#_ftn45">[45]</a> Unter der Zwischenunterschrift „A Vast Cheritable Fund“ erfährt man, dass Jeffrey Epstein offenbar Billionen von Dollar bewegte, die entscheidend für globale Gesundheitsinvestitionen waren: <br /><br /></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;">„In early 2012, … Mr. Epstein ... claimed that he had access to trillions of dollars of his clients’ money that he could put in the proposed charitable fund...”<a href="#_ftn46">[46]</a> <br /></p><p><br />Und davor: <br /><br /></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;">„ In late 2011, … Mr. Epstein told his guests that if they searched his name on the internet they might conclude he was a bad person but that what he had done — soliciting prostitution from an underage girl — was no worse than “stealing a bagel” …” <br /></p><p><br />Unwillkürlich stellt sich da die Frage: Wenn mächtige Leute, die ihren moralischen Kompass verloren haben, Billionen von Dollar in der Pharma- und Gesundheitsbranche steuern können – braucht man sich da noch zu wundern, wenn das mit einem kranken Gesundheitssystem endet und die Welt da aus den Fugen gerät...? <br /><br /> <a href="#_ftnref1">[1]</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W0_DPi0PmF0">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W0?DPi0PmF0</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref2">[2]</a> <a href="https://shorturl.at/mDV02">https://shorturl.at/mDV02</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref3">[3]</a> <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trilaterale_Kommission">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trilaterale_Kommission</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref4">[4]</a> <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_on_Foreign_Relations">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_on_Foreign_Relations</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref5">[5]</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_on_Foreign_Relations">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_on_Foreign_Relations</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref6">[6]</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allen_Dulles">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allen_Dulles</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref7">[7]</a> <a href="https://www.netflix.com/title/80224905">https://www.netflix.com/title/80224905</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref8">[8]</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeffrey_Epstein">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeffrey_Epstein</a> <br /><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_Jeffrey_Epstein">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_Jeffrey_Epstein</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref9">[9]</a> <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/20/world/europe/prince-andrew-quits-epstein.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/20/world/europe/prince-andrew-quits-epstein.html</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref10">[10]</a> <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/nov/22/prince-andrews-aide-steps-down-from-role-over-epstein-link">https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/nov/22/prince-andrews-aide-steps-down-from-role-over-epstein-link</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref11">[11]</a> <a href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/prince-andrew-scandal-sexual-assault-lawsuit-b1921973.html">https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/prince-andrew-scandal-sexual-assault-lawsuit-b1921973.html</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref12">[12]</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Saint_James,_U.S._Virgin_Islands">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Saint_James,_U.S._Virgin_Islands</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref13">[13]</a> <a href="https://www.tagesspiegel.de/gesellschaft/panorama/britisches-koenigshaus-minderjaehrige-sexsklavin-erhebt-vorwuerfe-gegen-prinz-andrew/11180810.html">https://www.tagesspiegel.de/gesellschaft/panorama/britisches-koenigshaus-minderjaehrige-sexsklavin-erhebt-vorwuerfe-gegen-prinz-andrew/11180810.html</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref14">[14]</a> <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/dec/07/prince-andrew-jeffrey-epstein-what-you-need-to-know">https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/dec/07/prince-andrew-jeffrey-epstein-what-you-need-to-know</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref15">[15]</a> <a href="https://de.euronews.com/2020/08/06/padophilen-insel-lolita-express-offene-fragen-im-epstein-skandal">https://de.euronews.com/2020/08/06/padophilen-insel-lolita-express-offene-fragen-im-epstein-skandal</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref16">[16]</a> <a href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/epstein-maxwell-giuffre-names-unsealed-b2466725.html">https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/epstein-maxwell-giuffre-names-unsealed-b2466725.html</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref17">[17]</a> <a href="https://observer.com/2019/07/jeffrey-epstein-spy-intelligence-work/">https://observer.com/2019/07/jeffrey-epstein-spy-intelligence-work/</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref18">[18]</a> <a href="https://www.welt.de/vermischtes/article196611967/Jeffrey-Epstein-Der-Milliardaer-der-Minderjaehrige-in-seine-Villa-lockte-und-missbrauchte.html">https://www.welt.de/vermischtes/article196611967/Jeffrey-Epstein-Der-Milliardaer-der-Minderjaehrige-in-seine-Villa-lockte-und-missbrauchte.html</a> <br /><a href="https://www.fr.de/politik/epstein-skandal-epstein-opfer-beschuldigt-erneut-prinz-andrew-zr-12783540.html">https://www.fr.de/politik/epstein-skandal-epstein-opfer-beschuldigt-erneut-prinz-andrew-zr-12783540.html</a> <br /><a href="https://www.watson.ch/international/usa/546220208-jeffrey-epstein-verhaftet-der-milliardaer-unterhielt-sex-sklaven-ring">https://www.watson.ch/international/usa/546220208-jeffrey-epstein-verhaftet-der-milliardaer-unterhielt-sex-sklaven-ring</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref19">[19]</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeffrey_Epstein">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeffrey_Epstein</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref20">[20]</a> <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/30/business/david-boies-pottinger-jeffrey-epstein-videos.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/30/business/david-boies-pottinger-jeffrey-epstein-videos.html</a>, <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2019-08-14/the-epstein-tapes-unearthed-recordings-from-his-private-island-jzbmb3p1">https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2019-08-14/the-epstein-tapes-unearthed-recordings-from-his-private-island-jzbmb3p1</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref21">[21]</a> <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-58099778">https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-58099778</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref22">[22]</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joi_Ito">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joi_Ito</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref23">[23]</a> <a href="http://www.mit.edu">http://www.mit.edu</a> <br /><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref24">[24]</a> <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/education/2019/sep/07/jeffrey-epstein-mit-media-lab-joi-ito-resigns-reports">https://www.theguardian.com/education/2019/sep/07/jeffrey-epstein-mit-media-lab-joi-ito-resigns-reports</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref25">[25]</a> <a href="https://theintercept.com/2019/12/20/mit-ethical-ai-artificial-intelligence/">https://theintercept.com/2019/12/20/mit-ethical-ai-artificial-intelligence/</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref26">[26]</a> <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/aug/18/private-jets-parties-and-eugenics-jeffrey-epsteins-bizarre-world-of-scientists">https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/aug/18/private-jets-parties-and-eugenics-jeffrey-epsteins-bizarre-world-of-scientists</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref27">[27]</a> <a href="https://www.thenewatlantis.com/publications/philanthropys-original-sin">https://www.thenewatlantis.com/publications/philanthropys-original-sin</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref28">[28]</a> <a href="https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/04/23/1000410/ai-triage-covid-19-patients-health-care/">https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/04/23/1000410/ai-triage-covid-19-patients-health-care/</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref29">[29]</a> <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/31/business/jeffrey-epstein-eugenics.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/31/business/jeffrey-epstein-eugenics.html</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref30">[30]</a> <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transhumanismus">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transhumanismus</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref31">[31]</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/jeffrey-epstein-transhumanist-what-that-means-2019-7">https://www.businessinsider.com/jeffrey-epstein-transhumanist-what-that-means-2019-7</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref32">[32]</a> <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyborg">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyborg</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref33">[33]</a> <a href="https://www.nzz.ch/zuerich/mensch-oder-maschine-interview-mit-neuropsychologe-lutz-jaencke-ld.1502927">https://www.nzz.ch/zuerich/mensch-oder-maschine-interview-mit-neuropsychologe-lutz-jaencke-ld.1502927</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref34">[34]</a> <a href="https://www.watson.ch/digital/wissen/533419807-kuenstliche-intelligenz-immenses-potential-und-noch-groesseres-risiko">https://www.watson.ch/digital/wissen/533419807-kuenstliche-intelligenz-immenses-potential-und-noch-groesseres-risiko</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref35">[35]</a> <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sophia_(Roboter)">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sophia_(Roboter)</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref36">[36]</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/jeffrey-epstein-told-a-journalist-he-funded-sophia-the-robot-2019-9">https://www.businessinsider.com/jeffrey-epstein-told-a-journalist-he-funded-sophia-the-robot-2019-9</a>, <a href="https://www.fastcompany.com/90375335/jeffrey-epsteins-money-was-accepted-by-scientists-even-after-arrest">https://www.fastcompany.com/90375335/jeffrey-epsteins-money-was-accepted-by-scientists-even-after-arrest</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref37">[37]</a> <a href="https://www.heise.de/tp/features/The-Age-of-Transhumanist-Politics-Has-Begun-3371228.html">https://www.heise.de/tp/features/The-Age-of-Transhumanist-Politics-Has-Begun-3371228.html</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref38">[38]</a> <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/oct/27/elon-musk-artificial-intelligence-ai-biggest-existential-threat">https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/oct/27/elon-musk-artificial-intelligence-ai-biggest-existential-threat</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref39">[39]</a> <a href="https://observer.com/2015/08/stephen-hawking-elon-musk-and-bill-gates-warn-about-artificial-intelligence/">https://observer.com/2015/08/stephen-hawking-elon-musk-and-bill-gates-warn-about-artificial-intelligence/</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref40">[40]</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W0_DPi0PmF0">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W0_DPi0PmF0</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref41">[41]</a> <a href="https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2016/02/the-nsas-skynet-program-may-be-killing-thousands-of-innocent-people/3/">https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2016/02/the-nsas-skynet-program-may-be-killing-thousands-of-innocent-people/3/</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref42">[42]</a> <a href="https://www.azquotes.com/quote/1203107">https://www.azquotes.com/quote/1203107</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref43">[43]</a> <a href="http://people.idsia.ch/~juergen/">http://people.idsia.ch/~juergen/</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref44">[44]</a> <a href="https://www.faz.net/aktuell/feuilleton/debatten/kuenstliche-intelligenz-maschinen-ueberwinden-die-menschheit-15309705.html">https://www.faz.net/aktuell/feuilleton/debatten/kuenstliche-intelligenz-maschinen-ueberwinden-die-menschheit-15309705.html</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref45">[45]</a> <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/12/business/jeffrey-epstein-bill-gates.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/12/business/jeffrey-epstein-bill-gates.html</a> <br /> <a href="#_ftnref46">[46]</a> Aber vielleicht hatten diese riesigen Investionen ja mit dem „ObamaCare“ Programm zu tun, wo es zweifellos um viel Geld ging, quasi ein Gesundheitsabo über Jahrzehnte..., s. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affordable_Care_Act">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affordable_Care_Act</a> </p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5335071719468565406.post-60784307726142576092023-05-01T16:12:00.007+01:002023-05-01T17:48:15.485+01:00DIGITAL TWINS LACK COMPLEXITY SCIENCE – Why This Is A Problem <p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">By Dirk Helbing</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></span> <span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Progress in the digital world has been phenomenal. With modern sensor networks, often framed as “Internet of Things” or “Internet of Everything”, entirely new data-driven applications have become available, among them “Digital Twins”. These are highly detailed “look-alikes” of real systems, be it human bodies, cities, or the entire world. In some cases, such Digital Twins are created by feeding learning “black boxes” with surveillance data, representing the elements of the respective system of interest. This allows them to behave in an increasingly similar way to the corresponding elements of the real-world system. The resulting Digital Twin can then be used to study alternative scenarios and to control the real system, based on Artificial Intelligence. <br /><br /></span> <span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">However, “look-alike” does not necessarily mean that the Digital Twin behaves in a fully realistic way. As we know from deep fakes, it could also be a good illusion. In case of ChatGPT, a machine learning model using hundreds of billions of parameters, many have concluded that the system often deceives users with texts that read plausible at first, but turn out to be wrong at closer inspection. <br /><br /></span> <span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">This is not just a problem of large language models such as ChatGPT or GPT-4. It is also potentially a problem of Digital Twins of cities, as a recent<span style="color: #04ff00;"> <span><a href="https://rdcu.be/da7wK">publication in Nature Computational Science</a> </span></span>by Guido Caldarelli and others points out. <br /><br /></span> <span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Besides a number of issues of Big Data and Machine Learning, “Local” Digital Twins are often oversimplifying aspects such as social or cultural life, and whatever is not represented by data well. This includes everything that is not well measurable, such as friendship, love, and quality of life – things that are important for humans, while computer models, Artificial Intelligence, and robots do not really care about them. <br /><br /></span> <span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Therefore, Guido Caldarelli et al. underline that digital twins need to be combined with complexity science. This is the science of complex dynamical system that are made up of many components (such as people or cars), which typically interact non-linearly with each other or in networks. Such networks may be multi-layered, i.e. networks of networks. <br /><br /></span> <span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Considering interactions is essential to understand the nature of complex systems, which cannot be understood just from the properties of their parts. Non-linear and network interactions will often cause emergent properties of the system, which are novel properties not understandable from the component properties. One also speaks of bottom-up self-organization and emergent properties. <br /><br /></span> <span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Cities are full of such phenomena. This may range from the formation of lanes of uniform walking direction in pedestrian counter-flows, to stop-and-go patterns in traffic flows, or segregation patterns among people with different cultural backgrounds, as Nobel Prize winner Thomas Schelling has shown. One could, of course, add a lot more examples. <br /><br /></span> <span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">As a consequence, Digital Twins of cities do not only need to consider complexity science to become reliable and useful tools. It is also not enough to plan, optimize and control cities in a top-down way. To create cities for its people, it is crucial to foresee opportunities for self-organization, participation, and co-evolution. <br /><br /></span> <span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">In other words, it is not enough to build seemingly optimal cities, in which humans would live like in a zoo with 24/7 surveillance delivering the data required to run smart cities. It is important that Digital Twins empower us to co-create the future, thereby, turning the cities we live in into “our” cities. This will be, in fact, the subject of an upcoming <span style="color: #04ff00;"><a href="https://www.participatorycities.net/">workshop</a></span> at the Complexity Science Hub Vienna starting September 11, 2023. <br /><br />Link to Nature publication: </span></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="line number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="page number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of authorities"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="macro"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="toa heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
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Role of Complexity for Digital Twins of Cities</span><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /><span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p></p><p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</xml><![endif]--><span style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 107%;"><a href="https://rdcu.be/da7wK" target="_blank"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-size: large;">https://rdcu.be/da7wK</span></span></a></span><br /><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Link to Vienna workshop: </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.participatorycities.net/"><span style="color: #04ff00;">https://www.participatorycities.net/</span></a> <br /></span><br /></span></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5335071719468565406.post-55467526470951882272022-06-29T08:32:00.002+01:002022-06-29T08:37:58.206+01:00Digital Threats to Humans and Society<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></span><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">We herewith acknowledge that digital technologies have great potential to significantly contribute to solutions of major global problems (including health- and sustainability related ones). They are also fueling innovation and new economic sectors. Many documents have covered this, and have described the business value and societal benefits. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">This document, in contrast, will try to give an overview of threats and undesired side effects of digital technologies, highlight potential misuses, dual uses, systemic risks, and potential accidents. As it turns out, the damage may be large-scale and perhaps even bigger than the damage that classical weapons may cause. It is not clear whether our societies are well prepared to avoid or handle these risks. Many of the side effects (such as impacts on democracy and human rights) may be hard to quantify and become visible only with considerable delays. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Furthermore note that, to non-insiders, some of the following may read a bit like science fiction. However, considering that the digital revolution accelerates exponentially and that military technology in some countries is decades ahead of publicly known business applications, it must be assumed that most of the technological developments discussed below are not just future possibilities, but do already exist, which calls for proper governance. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">It is well-known that the digital revolution is highly disruptive. It concerns not only business models, but transforms entire areas of society, which were formerly separated and managed according to different values, goals, and principles. Now, digital technologies are being used to re-invent more or less everything, and all sectors of society. They are pervasive and fuel disruptive innovations everywhere. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">It must also be considered that data volumes and processing power have increased dramatically. Systems have also become much more connected, and are organized as networks of networks. While this implies many benefits, it also introduces new vulnerabilities, such as systemic failures due to cascading effects (e.g. blackouts).<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn1">[1]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Let us now shortly address various challenges that are emerging or already around. Given the page limits of this case study, we will keep well-known issues short, while reflecting less well-known problems in greater detail. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Big Data and Data-Driven Society </span></span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">By now it has become common to manage many systems in a “data-driven” way, using Big Data and real-time analytics. The quality of the resulting solutions, however, depends on the quality of the data and the ability to turn data into information, knowledge, and wisdom. This is often complicated by issues such as the following:<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn2">[2]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">● Exact measurements “are obstructed by “biases, randomness, turbulence, … chaos theory, … quantum mechanics, … undecidability …, and overfitting, to mention just some of the problems… Given the classification problem[s] of false positives, there are even cases where results deteriorate [when more measurements are made]”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn3">[3]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">● Classification errors (such as “false positive” and “false negatives”) are a widespread problem in statistical analyses, not just in case of data samples that are biased (i.e. non-representative). In case of predictive policing algorithms, for example, the “false positive” rate is often above 90%. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">● Many patterns in the data are insignificant and meaningless. They show up only by coincidence. Therefore, the risk of “overfitting” is serious. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">● Correlations do not necessarily mean causation, and even if causation is given, it is often difficult to determine whether A causes B, B causes A, or a third factor C causes A and B. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">● Parameter fitting is only possible with a finite accuracy, but slightly different parameters may lead to largely different outcomes, as phenomena such as deterministic chaos, turbulence, and the related “butterfly effect” illustrate. In such cases, the “sensitivity” of the model can be a problem. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">● A good fit to a dataset does not yet mean a validated model. This requires to test the model with different datasets without re-adjusting parameters. Only validated models, however, can be assumed to have meaningful implications for different settings or to predict future developments to some extent. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">● Sensitive models are not very suitable to predict the future. They imply a high degree of uncertainty. (Still, they may reveal the instability of a system, which can be also important to know.) </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">● Complex, networked systems often imply “wicked problems” and unexpected behaviors. Moreover, large variations (including “black swans”) may occur more often than statistically expected based on a normal distribution. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Digital “Crystal Ball” </span></span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Despite the issues mentioned above, large IT companies are increasingly using Big Data to model real-world processes and systems. With massive surveillance, one even tries to produce something like a digital “Crystal Ball”. In fact, this is what Palantir, for example, is aiming to do.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn4">[4]</a> However, there are also other companies, such as Recorded Future (apparently a spin-off of Google and the CIA).<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn5">[5]</a> It seems that the World Economic Forum (WEF) has similar infrastructures.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn6">[6]</a> These may not only perform real-time analytics of what happens in almost any place in the world (“nowcasting”), but also try to predict the future (“forecasting”). The military has certainly built a “prediction machine” as well.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn7">[7]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Artificial Intelligence </span></span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">While Big Data is often being called the “new oil of the digital age”, the “digital motor” running on it is Artificial Intelligence, which is based on machine learning algorithms. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Machine learning models today may aim to learn millions or even billions of parameters, or more. However, the interactions between the system elements are often poorly represented (even in times of the Internet of Things). Besides, (slow or lack of) convergence of the learning algorithms may be an issue, particularly in dynamically changing environments. This can produce a bad system representation or wrong forecasts. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Surprisingly, simpler models can often have more predictive power than complicated ones (as the above issue of “over-fitting” illustrates). Overall, one can say by now that Big Data has not made “the scientific method obsolete”, in contrast to what was famously assumed by Chris Anderson.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn8">[8]</a> According to today’s knowledge, there are fundamental limits to the accuracy of modelling complex dynamical systems such as climate, life, behavior, or health. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">A further frequent criticism of AI algorithms is that they are like “black boxes”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn9">[9]</a> In other words, it is often not understandable how they come to their conclusions. In fact, as recent studies on discrimination of minorities, women, and people of color<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn10">[10]</a> have shown, outcomes of AI systems need to be questioned. To counter these issues, huge efforts are now being made to work on trustable, explainable, and fair AI. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Surveillance Capitalism </span></span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">All around the world, the collection of data has become a lucrative opportunity. Two kinds of systems are typically distinguished: (1) societies with state-based surveillance and control (such as China), (2) societies, where surveillance is assumed to be carried out mainly through corporations (as in the USA). While labels such as “technological totalitarianism” are often used for the former, the term “surveillance capitalism” represents mainly the latter.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn11">[11]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Surveillance capitalism is perhaps best characterized by the following quote of Eric Schmidt, the former Google CEO:<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn12">[12]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">“With your permission, you give us more information about you, about your friends, and we can improve the quality of our searches. We don't need you to type at all. We know where you are. We know where you've been. We can more or less know what you're thinking about.” </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Both, surveillance capitalism and state-run digital societies, imply dangers for human rights and human dignity, in particular for privacy. However, it does not stop there. Typical additional features are profiling, scoring, and targeting, as will be discussed below. Overall, these developments are increasingly seen as potential threats to democracies. In particular, terms such as “data dictatorship” try to warn of the dangers of data-driven behavioral manipulation (see below). </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">War Room Approach </span></span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">The management or control of systems, based on huge amounts of data, is typically done through a control room, also often called a “war room” (which may utilize the “crystal ball” approach mentioned above). This approach is used not only by secret services and the military, but increasingly also for the operation of modern companies, supply chains, and smart cities. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">A data-driven, “technocratic” approach, however, has some limitations. For example, while production facilities may maximize a certain goal function, cities and societies have multiple competitive goals, which must all be addressed simultaneously to ensure a thriving social system. If one wanted to optimize the future of planet Earth with technical means, however, one would have to choose a goal function, even though there is no science to determine the right one. For example, should it be GDP per capita, sustainability, life expectancy, or quality of life? Whatever goal function is chosen, it will (have to) map the complexity of the system to a one-dimensional function, which will oversimplify the system and neglect secondary and tertiary goals. Therefore, sooner or later one would end up having new kinds of trouble. Hence, running a society based on the paradigm of a data-empowered “benevolent dictator” is expected to perform poorly.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn13">[13]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">A “military-style”, centralized top-down control approach would also undermine democracy, which is based on principles such as diversity, participation and collective intelligence. Due to the plurality of goals, cities and societies should, in fact, neither be run like businesses nor machines. A co-evolutionary approach may outperform optimization, and a coordination approach may outcompete control.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn14">[14]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">To illustrate the dangers of optimization, let us assume an AI system that would be tasked to make the world sustainable. What if it concluded that the easiest way to reach sustainability would be depopulation, even though a better future might exist for the people of the world? This could trigger a horrible scenario (see below). To avoid such problems, it has been demanded that “war rooms” be turned into “peace rooms”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn15">[15]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">It is also important to consider that “evidence-based” decision-making can mean two things: “fact-based” (determined via established scientific methods of verification and falsification) or “data-driven” (based on measurement or estimates, projections, or forecasts). The two are often not the same, but the former approach is increasingly replaced by the latter. This creates new risks: A data-driven approach may be vulnerable to misinterpretation and bias (see above), but also to manipulation or deception. For example, many political decisions in response to Covid-19 were based on data or even on predicted data (in fact, often on forecasts, which never materialized).<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn16">[16]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">This could have caused various counter-productive results. Furthermore, a data-driven approach is prone to hacking. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Cyber Threats (Cyber Vulnerability) </span></span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">This paragraph is kept short, as the subject of “cyber threats” has already received a lot of attention in recent years. New issues, however, arise, when adversaries use powerful AI for their attacks, for example, to discover security gaps that can be used for “zero day exploits”. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Due to the exponential (or even faster) increase in cyber risks and personalized propaganda, some people think the way the Internet is organized is now too vulnerable and outdated. According to them, the current Internet should be replaced by a satellite-based system,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn17">[17]</a> probably combined with quantum-encryption. This might reduce possibilities to manipulate Internet contents and compromise data communication a lot. However, it would also imply a large degree of control over a big share of information, by very few people, who will not necessarily act in the best interest of all people. Also note that we may also see light-based communication (LiFi), soon, which has much higher data transmission rates. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Profiling and Digital Doubles </span></span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Both, companies and governments are collecting increasing amounts of data about individuals. This process is called “profiling”, i.e. the creation of personal profiles. These profiles are producing ever more detailed representations of people, objects, and planet Earth. As the degree of detail increases, one speaks of “avatars” (animated representations) or even “digital twins” (which assume that all relevant characteristics of the system of interest are being digitally reproduced).<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn18">[18]</a> Such digital twins are being envisaged, for example, for companies and cities, but also the entire planet, its inhabitants, their behaviors, health, bodies, and personalities. Clearly, this implies huge privacy issues, but not only. It makes everyone vulnerable to “hacking” (e.g. of emotions, thinking, behavior, and/or health; see below for more details). </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">World Simulation </span></span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">The avatars and digital doubles would not only be data collections. Their behavior would also be simulated and animated. That is, they would have a virtual life, which would allow for digital “what … if” experiments, before a particular implementation is chosen. One such platform created for “world simulation” is called “Sentient World”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn19">[19]</a> It has been used to produce a “military second Earth”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn20">[20]</a> and is perhaps the main reason for the mass surveillance revealed by Wikileaks (CIA Vault 7) and Edward Snowden (NSA).<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn21">[21]</a> The platform seems to go back to Fortune 500 companies, who are using it for their strategic planning.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn22">[22]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">However, “Sentient World” is apparently also being used to plan war operations and perform psychological operations (PsyOps), potentially also in peace times. (The way politics and the public think and talk about Covid-19 might be an example.) The tool should further be seen in the context of the controversial Information Dominance strategy,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn23">[23]</a> which seems to include the problematic concept of “Mind War”. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Attention Economy and Nudging </span></span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">In an information-rich age, it has been claimed that the shortest resource may actually not be money, but attention. Who manages to catch our attention has the chance to influence our emotions, thinking and behavior. As only a small fraction of information is consciously processed, we may also be manipulated in a subliminal way, for example by “nudging”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn24">[24]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">While people are on the Internet or social media platforms, they are constantly being exposed to nudges and advertisements. In the system of “surveillance capitalism”, there is an auction-based market for such ads. In other words, everyone can bid to get the attention of Internet users. This does not only consume a lot of their time. It also absorbs a lot of intellectual capacity that would probably better be used to solve the world’s existential problems. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Censorship and Propaganda </span></span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Attention economics (specifically the approach to absorb a great share of the attention capacity) can also be used for new forms of censorship and propaganda. Most search engines, social media and Internet-based services are now personalized. This means that algorithms increasingly decide what offer someone receives and what information he or she sees. Algorithms also determine how many people see what kind of information, and who is to see what. In this way, it is possible to determine where and how far certain information spreads. This fact can be used to make some kinds of information (e.g. confidential or sensitive information) virtually invisible (even without deleting it), or to amplify other kinds of information. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Conformity and Distraction </span></span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">In conclusion, the methods mentioned before can be used for distraction (which is why social media have also been called “weapons of mass distraction”). However, they can also be used to promote (forced) consensus (“Gleichschaltung”). Both ways of “social engineering” of communities (promoting cooperation and convergence or conflict and divergence) have been reported (namely in Edward Snowden’s JTRIG revelations<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn25">[25]</a>). </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Note that the promotion of a single perspective can undermine diversity and pluralism, which are important preconditions for innovation, societal resilience, collective intelligence, and democracies. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Hate Speech </span></span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">The promotion of hate speech has a toxic effect, as it undermines trust, solidarity, and the coherence of a community. Such a “divide et impera” strategy can undermine the basis of any society. One might even talk about sedition (“Zersetzung”). Hate speech tends to spread, because it tends to get more attention. It emotionalizes exchange on the Internet and thereby makes people spend more time on social media platforms, which is of commercial interest. Note that a lot of hate speech comes from troll farms. Social bots and language-generating AI systems such as GPT-3 may contribute to the problem. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Assuming always bad intent, however, gives an incomplete picture. Some digital visionaries seem to believe that it is right to decompose society into its “atoms”, the individuals”. This makes it easier to manipulate the behavior of people, using Artificial Intelligence. In perspective, society would become a system, in which Artificial Intelligence – superintelligent or not – would control the thinking, emotions, behaviors, and lives of individuals. For further details see, for example, the sections on “targeting” and “transhumanism”. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Fake News and Disinformation </span></span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Overall, the attention economy makes it difficult to determine facts and to focus on them. This undermines education, science, and dialogue, hence, the basis of modern democratic societies, which believe in learning, insight, truth, enlightenment and a responsible, self-determined life. It also creates new information asymmetries and, based on the principle of “knowledge is power”, advantages for a small new digital elite. If this problem is not addressed, soon, democracies may give way to a new kind of digitally based feudalism. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Targeting and Behavioral Manipulation </span></span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">When nudging is combined with Big Data to personalize nudges, this is called “big nudging”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn26">[26]</a> The method is being used not only by military propaganda, but also for commercial “neuromarketing”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn27">[27]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">A major share of Artificial Intelligence capacity today is being used for behavioral manipulation. It might also be misused to manipulate democratic elections, which has been claimed for the Brexit vote and US elections 2016. As Cambridge Analytica insiders have revealed, this military-style propaganda method has apparently been used in about 65 countries.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn28">[28]</a> Moreover, it appears these methods are being used to shape political systems not only during elections. They are probably being applied as well to “socially engineer” societies during peace times on an everyday basis.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn29">[29]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span style="color: #04ff00;">Citizen Scores and Behavioral Control</span> </span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Besides profiling and targeting, the instruments of digital societies include also the use of citizen scores. Multiple scores are in use. They encompass, for example, the “customer lifetime value’ and the “social credit score” in China,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn30">[30]</a> which bears similarities with the “Karma Police” program of the British GCHQ.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn31">[31]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">The above scores are super-scores, which inappropriately condense the “value” or status of a person in a single number, which determines the access to resources and services, and the rights as well. Besides considering wealth or health, such scores may also be based on behavior, using surveillance. As a consequence, they are instruments of behavioral control. In this connection, the term “technological totalitarianism” is often being used.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn32">[32]</a> In fact, recently, the “social credit score” has come under heavy criticism, particularly in connection with the treatment of Uyghurs.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn33">[33]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Digital Policing </span></span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">A somewhat similar concept is digital policing. Many countries have tested or used predictive policing programs, which try to predict future crimes based on past recorded crime patterns. Somewhat similar to the movie “Minority Report”, the goal is to take interventions before crime happens. This might imply restrictions (such as “geofencing”) for people who have actually never committed a crime. Also, prison sentences may depend on algorithmic judgments. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Digital policing has been criticized for its involvement of secret service-like activities (surveillance) and the lack of separation from police action (i.e. executive function), but also for its lack of transparency and democratic oversight. A further concern is systematic discrimination against people of color and minorities. Moreover, the rate of false positives is huge, often above 90%. This implies – potentially – a lot of arbitrariness in the action taken. While lists of potential terrorists often contain millions of names, only 1 in 100.000 alarms seems to be related to a person who has actually committed an act of terror.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn34">[34]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Code Is Law </span></span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">As processes in our economy, society and environment are increasingly monitored by the Internet of Things and algorithmically managed and controlled, we are faced with a situation that has been described as “code is law”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn35">[35]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">According to this, processes in our society, access to goods and services, and what is doable or not, are increasingly determined by algorithms (“code”). These add restrictions to the action space, almost as if they were “laws of nature”. Such restrictions interfere with freedom rights. While before, people could decide to violate laws at the risk of punishment, if they had good reasons for this, this possibility may not exist anymore in the future. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">In the age of “industry 4.0”,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn36">[36]</a> there is a danger that algorithmic approaches would be inappropriately transferred from objects to subjects, from robots to people, and from production to society. Such a data-driven approach misses out on many hardly measurable qualities of life that matter for humans, such as human dignity, freedom, creativity, culture, or love. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Despite this, society might increasingly be automated and run like a machine, which threatens to undermine diversity, innovation, societal resilience, and collective intelligence.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn37">[37]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Cashless Society and Digital Command Economy </span></span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">One framework in which the principle of “code is law” may play out particularly harsh is a cashless society, which is being discussed as a possible element of the emerging “digital command economy”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn38">[38]</a> Such developments may – intentionally or not – be promoted by the Sustainability Development Goals of the Agenda 2030 and by the Planetary/Global Health Agendas. Here, the access to goods and services might be made dependent not only on available budgets or previous consumption patterns (“too much meat”, “too many flights”...). It could also be coupled across sectors (e.g. car rental may not be possible until the apartment rent is paid), or coupled to behavior, as in the social credit score discussed before. That is, criticizing the political system might impact access to critical resources. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">A cashless society may also perform resource management based on the controversial principles of triage. Rather than offering everyone equal rights of access, there could then be privileged cases that would be prioritized, hopeless cases that would get no access to certain resources at all, and other cases that might get access to what is left. In such a context, total submission to what the system expects might become a precondition for survival. The current discussion on whether unvaccinated people shall still be treated in hospitals or triaged away demonstrates this trend quite clearly. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Electronic ID </span></span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">One key element of security and control concepts is a unique, forgery-proof identity (even though it is known from complexity science that “control variables” typically do not relate to individual system components). In this connection, biometry has been a significant concept (despite previous failed attempts to characterize good and bad people by their genes and physiognomy). Fingerprints and face recognition are probably the most well-known features used, but have been questioned due to database leaks, forgery, and privacy concerns. Secret services use digital forensics (based on features of smart devices, software installed, usage patterns, and location tracking). This allows them to identify people with extremely high accuracy. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">To enforce certain behavioral and consumption patterns, it seems that further kinds of electronic IDs have been considered and explored, such as body-based IDs, using nanoparticles. Project Jumpstart has apparently worked on such an e-ID.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn39">[39]</a> Probably, the id2020 consortium has also been working on such solutions.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn40">[40]</a> Furthermore, there are various relevant publications and patents pointing into similar directions.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn41">[41]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">While such solutions may serve the purpose of making people manageable and controllable like things, they would simultaneously destroy the very essence of human dignity, which is the foundation of democracies around the world and a key value protected by the UN Human Rights Charter. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Internet of Bodies </span></span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">The development of nanoparticle-based technologies obviously goes beyond the development of e-IDs. Nanoparticles and nanobots can be used in medicine for diagnostics (surveillance of body functions) and treatments (interference with body functions). They may also be used for gene editing, at least in perspective.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn42">[42]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Some of the related developments have been summarized under the label “Internet of Bodies”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn43">[43]</a> The World Economic Forum, one of the main promoters of Internet-of-Things-based Industry 4.0, has repeatedly pointed out “The Internet of Bodies is here”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn44">[44]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Unfortunately, there are many issues with using (or misusing) such technologies, and many of them are unsolved. In fact, nanotechnology so far is largely unregulated.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn45">[45]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">It seems that calls for urgent political control of the Internet of Bodies have not been effective so far.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn46">[46]</a> This raises serious concerns, as nanoparticles can be absorbed by human bodies through food, water, air, drugs, and vaccines.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn47">[47]</a> Unfortunately, it appears that often informed consent has not been given in advance. In fact, many people have been exposed to non-natural nanoparticles, and some of them are toxic.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn48">[48]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Neurotechnology: Reading and Controlling Minds </span></span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Recently, there has also been increasing news about the development of neurotechnologies. So far, most of this news was focused on brain chips, as engineered by “Neuralink” and other companies. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">However, the technological development seems to be much further, particularly in relation to military applications. In the meantime, researchers and engineers are apparently working on human machine interfaces (HMIs), which are based on dispersing nanoparticles in the brain. The so-called “Obama Brain Project” has supported related kinds of research with several billion Dollars.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn49">[49]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Similar research is also performed in Europe, apparently based on substances such as graphene oxide.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn50">[50]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">The pharma industry is certainly involved in these developments. Further relevant literature can be found under keywords such as “smart dust”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn51">[51]</a> and “neural dust”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn52">[52]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">“The Matrix” </span></span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">The above technological developments do not only threaten the freedom of thought (that nobody else would know of), but also the freedom of will. Even though this sounds like science fiction, there is a danger that it might become possible to manipulate people’s minds, emotions, and thoughts to an extent that would seriously endanger the autonomy of humans. In perspective, people may become part of (and controlled by) a giant hybrid computer system. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Concerns about this have, in particular, been raised by a number of tech billionaires, who have suggested that reality might be a computer simulation.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn53">[53]</a> In societies based on the principle “code is law”, this is certainly so to an ever increasing extent. Inspired by the related movie series, such an augmented reality has often been framed as “The Matrix”. It should be stated, however, that even weaker forms of manipulation such as “big nudging” may produce effects reminiscent of what is called “The Matrix”, i.e. a digitally managed world one might hardly be able to escape from. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Neurocapitalism </span></span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Neurotechnologies offer attractive perspectives for corporations. While surveillance capitalism seems to be restricted to surveilling people and inferring their thoughts, emotions, and behaviors, the next stage of this data-driven system seems to be what some have called “neurocapitalism”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn54">[54]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">In this system, it would also be possible to steer the thoughts and emotions and decisions of people, and to shape their ideas, memories, and values through computer-based control. In fact, labs are already working on dream advertising, i.e. implanting dreams that would make people buy certain products.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn55">[55]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">It is obvious that such an approach, which may be somewhat comparable to hypnosis, bears great potential for misuse, against which people may not be able to defend themselves. This includes deception that could be more realistic than deep fakes, and may go so far as to involve people in crimes or accidents against their will. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span style="color: #04ff00;">Technological Convergence and Transhumanism</span><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn56">[56]</a> </span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">For those who argue for a technology-driven world and for doing everything that is doable, it is clear that we would see a great technological convergence. This means that basically all technologies, including electrical, computational, neuronal, cognitive, genetic, information- and nanotechnology-based would merge. This development would also bring about an eventual human-machine convergence. People would start upgrading themselves with technological implants, turning them into superior cyborgs. Eventually, humans and machines might even be hardly distinguishable. The proponents of this transhumanist idea often believe that humans would, in fact, be replaced by non-biological forms of life. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Singularity and Superintelligence (“Digital God”) </span></span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">According to Moore’s Law, processing power grows at an exponential, i.e. ever-accelerating rate. If this trend continues, it is expected that the processing power of supercomputers would eventually surpass the processing power of human brains. Shortly after that point, called “singularity”,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn57">[57]</a> transhumanists believe that universal “superintelligence” would take over control of human affairs and the planet, and assume “God-like” power. In this system, humans might become something like “cells” of a digitally connected “meta-body”, the brain of which would be the previously mentioned superintelligent system. Humans might become an integral part of this “superintelligent” system, possibly mainly executing its commands. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">“Apocalyptic AI” </span></span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">According to transhumanists, the before-mentioned technological singularity would connect us with the entire world; it would come with a cognitive shift called “transcendence” and make us feel like Gods.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn58">[58]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Furthermore, some transhumanist identify this singular shift with apocalyptic elements of the Judaic and Christian theology. The following quote from Robert M. Geraci’s non-fiction book on “Apocalyptic AI” may give an impression:<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn59">[59]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">“Apocalyptic AI authors promise that intelligent machines – our “mind children,” according to Moravec – will create a paradise for humanity in the short term but, in the long term, human beings will need to upload their minds into machine bodies in order to remain a viable life-form. The world of the future will be a transcendent digital world; mere human beings will not fit in. In order to join our mind children in life everlasting, we will upload our conscious minds into robots and computers, which will provide us with the limitless computational power and effective immortality that Apocalyptic AI advocates believe make robot life better than human life.” </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Death by Algorithm </span></span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">As stated before, according to this transhumanist ideology, “mere humans will not fit in” the world after the singularity, and would not remain a “viable life-form”. They would not be supported by the digital world of the future. Artificial Intelligence would, therefore, perhaps be given the power to decide about the life and death of people.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn60">[60]</a> With the increasing use of algorithms to make triage decisions, such a development seems to be already on the way.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn61">[61]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Furthermore, the discussion around not providing hospital treatment to unvaccinated people suggests that vaccination against Covid-19 might effectively turn into something like an “entry ticket” for the transhumanist age in the making, while there is little or no evidence that the envisaged transhumanist future would actually be a viable life form over an extended period of time (say, a thousand years). It must be warned that humanity may be engaging in an extremely risky, probably highly irresponsible experiment, here. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Autonomous Weapons </span></span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">It cannot be excluded that the above described developments may end with the death of a lot of people. Depopulation as a result of the early deployment of technology, before proper testing could be done, seems to be a possibility. It is particularly concerning that effective precautions against the use of autonomous weapons do not seem to exist. Killer drones and killer robots are just two of many possible elements of future wars. It is conceivable that nanotechnology and perhaps even 5G, which is based on directed energy beams rather than diffusive radiation (in contrast to 4G), might be turned into weapons that could be used against the people of a country, also in a personalized way (e.g. based on scores). Perhaps more importantly, however, it seems that there are only very few studies about possible health impacts when nanoparticles in the human body interact with electromagnetic radiation. The possibility of adverse effects or even weaponization should certainly be considered, and suitable precautions taken. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Hence, ABC weapons are not the only weapons one needs to be concerned about. Even though there is little public information about this, digital and nanoparticle-based weapons might be more devastating than drone attacks, killer robots, or even nuclear blasts, while they could also be used by non-state actors.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_edn62">[62]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span style="color: #04ff00;">Scenario Horribilis</span> </span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Obviously, it could happen that some of the above developments come together and reinforce each other in a dangerous way. For example, given that the world financial crisis of the fiat currency system is far from being solved, the possibility of a major financial crash and bankruptcy cascade is significant. The response to this situation and the resulting supply shortages might be the introduction of an Internet-of-Bodies-based e-ID, even though this would establish a totalitarian cashless society and eliminate human dignity. Due to the supply shortages, many people might die based on algorithm-based triage-decisions using sensitive personal data. Clearly, measures must be taken to avert such scenarios, in particularly as alternative solutions to sustainability challenges do exist. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span style="color: #04ff00;">Summary and Conclusions</span> </span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Humanity is faced with a myriad of technological innovations, which are happening at an exponentially accelerating pace. As outlined above, the following trends are observed: </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">1. A New Economy: Big Data, AI, Surveillance Capitalism, Attention Economy (Profiling, Targeting, Digital Twins, e-IDs, Cashless Society) </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">2. A New Politics: Digital Censorship and Propaganda, Scoring, Behavioral Manipulation (Big Nudging) </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">3. A New Legal System: Code is Law, Digital Policing (PreCrime), Social Credit Score, Karma Police, Death by Algorithm </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">4. A New Human: Transhumanism, Mind Reading/Mind Control, Neurocapitalism </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">5. A New “God”: Singularity, Superintelligence, “The Matrix”, “Apocalyptic AI” </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">These developments can shatter the very foundations on which our society was built. Overall, they have not strengthened democratic institutions lately. On the contrary: there are unprecedented threats to freedom, democracy, dignity and human rights, peace, the right to life, and – in view of the emerging transhumanist trend – even the existence of humanity as we know it. Hence, these developments may dismantle our society and might be more dangerous to it than conventional war or terrorism. All traditional institutions of our society are under attack, or threatened by disruptive innovations. It is questionable, however, whether these revolutionary changes serve the interest of the great majority of people. At least there does not seem to be sufficient democratic or political legitimacy for them at the moment, while financial gains do not seem to be a good basis for the grave decisions involved. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">It must be stressed that the above developments are not alternative-less. Digital technologies can also be used in different, humane, ways, without having to give up on environment- or health-related goals. However, this requires a different perspective, paradigm, and approach, and proper decisions need to be taken, soon. Even though better, self-determined human futures are conceivable (based, for example, on participatory resilience, socio-ecological finance, democratic capitalism, and digital democracy), politics and business seem rather late in implementing frameworks that would empower citizens and strengthen civil society, while supporting a symbiotic, sustainable relationship with nature. 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(Aug. 13, 2020, updated on Aug. 17, 2020) Last Call to Control the Internet of Bodies, </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://genevasolutions.news/science-tech/last-call-to-control-the-internet-of-bodies">https://genevasolutions.news/science-tech/last-call-to-control-the-internet-of-bodies</a> (accessed on Nov. 10, 2021) </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ednref47">[47]</a> 崔大祥, 高昂, 梁辉, 田静, 李雪玲, and 沈琦 (filed Sep. 27, 2020, and issued Jan. 15, 2021) Nano coronavirus recombinant vaccine taking graphene oxide as carrier. China CN112220919A, </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://patents.google.com/patent/CN112220919A/en">https://patents.google.com/patent/CN112220919A/en</a> (accessed on Nov. 10, 2021); </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Chen, Y.-C., Cheng H-F., Yang Y.-C. and Yeh M.-K (2016) Nanotechnologies Applied in Biomedical Vaccines. Micro and Nanotechnologies for Biotechnology. 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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 39: 10797–801. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/113/39/10797.full.pdf">https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/113/39/10797.full.pdf</a> (accessed on Nov. 10, 2021); </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Flores, D. S. (2018) The Secret Program of US. Mind Control Weapons: Is It Developing in Latin America?” International Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Journal Volume 3, no. 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(Jul. 1, 2021) Elon Musk’s Neuralink Is Being Outperformed by This Spanish Graphene Startup, <a href="https://sifted.eu/articles/neuralink-competitor-inbrain/">https://sifted.eu/articles/neuralink-competitor-inbrain/</a> (accessed on Nov. 10, 2021); </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">INBRAIN Neuroelectronics Secures $17 Million in Series A Funding for First AI-Powered Graphene-Brain Interface (Mar. 30, 2021), <a href="https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20210330005388/en/INBRAIN-Neuroelectronics-Secures-17-Million-in-Series-A-Funding-for-First-AI-Powered-Graphene-Brain-Interface">https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20210330005388/en/INBRAIN-Neuroelectronics-Secures-17-Million-in-Series-A-Funding-for-First-AI-Powered-Graphene-Brain-Interface</a> (accessed on Nov. 10, 2021); </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Billing, M. (Oct. 26, 2020) The European Startups Hacking Your Brain Better than Elon Musk’s Neuralink, <a href="https://sifted.eu/articles/neuralink-competitors-europe/">https://sifted.eu/articles/neuralink-competitors-europe/</a> (accessed on Nov. 10, 2021); </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Bramini, M., Alberini, G., Colombo, E., Chiacchiaretta, M., DiFrancesco, M. L., Maya-Vetencourt, J. F., Maragliano, L., Benfenati, F. and Cesca, F. (2018) Interfacing Graphene-Based Materials With Neural Cells. 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(May 3,2010) ‘Smart Dust’ Aims to Monitor Everything, <a href="http://edition.cnn.com/2010/TECH/05/03/smart.dust.sensors/index.html">http://edition.cnn.com/2010/TECH/05/03/smart.dust.sensors/index.html</a> (accessed on Nov. 10, 2021); </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Hoffman, T. 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Oxford: Oxford University Press.</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ednref60">[60]</a> Piper, K. (Jun. 21, 2019) Death by Algorithm: The Age of Killer Robots Is Closer than You Think. Vox. <a href="https://www.vox.com/2019/6/21/18691459/killer-robots-lethal-autonomous-weapons-ai-war">https://www.vox.com/2019/6/21/18691459/killer-robots-lethal-autonomous-weapons-ai-war</a> (accessed on Nov. 10, 2021); </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Simanowski, R. (2018) The Death Algorithm and Other Digital Dilemmas. Translated by Jefferson Chase. Untimely Meditations. Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press. <a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/death-algorithm-and-other-digital-dilemmas">https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/death-algorithm-and-other-digital-dilemmas</a> (accessed on Nov. 10, 2021); </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Helbing, D. and Seele, P. (Nov. 26, 2020) Death by Algorithm? Project Syndicate. <a href="https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/artificial-intelligence-resilience-covid19-climate-change-by-dirk-helbing-and-peter-seele-2020-11">https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/artificial-intelligence-resilience-covid19-climate-change-by-dirk-helbing-and-peter-seele-2020-11</a> (accessed on Nov. 10, 2021); </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Helbing, D, Beschorner, T., Frey, B., Diekmann, A., Seele, P., Spiekermann-Hoff, S., Zwitter, A., van den Hoven, J. and Hagendorff, T. (2021) Triage 4.0: On Death Algorithms and Technological Selection. 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Artificial Intelligence, n.d., 44.</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://ict4peace.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/ICT4Peace-2018-AI-AT-LAWS-Peace-Time-Threats.pdf">https://ict4peace.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/ICT4Peace-2018-AI-AT-LAWS-Peace-Time-Threats.pdf</a> (accessed on Nov. 10, 2021); </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Surber, R. (Feb. 2, 2018) Autonome Intelligenz ist nicht nur in Kriegsrobotern riskant. NZZ. <a href="https://www.nzz.ch/meinung/autonome-intelligenz-ist-nicht-nur-in-kriegsrobotern-riskant-ld.1351011">https://www.nzz.ch/meinung/autonome-intelligenz-ist-nicht-nur-in-kriegsrobotern-riskant-ld.1351011</a> (accessed on Nov. 10, 2021); </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120428062851/http:/www.thenanoage.com/military.htm">https://web.archive.org/web/20120428062851/http://www.thenanoage.com/military.htm</a> (accessed on Nov. 10, 2021); </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="nanotechnology:%20Dangers%20of%20Molecular%20Manufacturing.%20Center%20for%20Responsible%20Nanotechnology%20(CRN).%20http://crnano.org/dangers.htm#products">Nanotechnology: Dangers of Molecular Manufacturing. Center for Responsible Nanotechnology (CRN). http://crnano.org/dangers.htm#products</a> (accessed on Nov. 10, 2021) </span></span></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5335071719468565406.post-19282847067511981902022-05-03T13:07:00.001+01:002022-05-03T22:58:49.939+01:00HUMANS DEGRADED TO DATA POINTS<span style="font-family: verdana;"> Algorithms can endanger freedom and manipulate people. The discussion about this must not be suppressed. <br /><br /><b><span style="color: #04ff00;">Dirk Helbing, Peter Seele and Thomas Beschorner</span></b> <br /><br />The original German version was published by the journal “schweizer monat” in May 2022: <br /><br /><a href="https://schweizermonat.ch/der-mensch-wird-zum-datenpunkt/">https://schweizermonat.ch/der-mensch-wird-zum-datenpunkt/</a> <br /><br /></span><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Background:</span></h2><span style="font-family: verdana;">In a lecture in February 2022, ETH professor Dirk Helbing discusses the use of algorithms. He gives several examples: He says that computer programs can be used to control supply chains, feed pigs – or even control people, as is already happening to some extent in China. Chinese students in particular get upset by the slide of Helbing, claiming that it equated them with pigs, and circulate it on the Internet. A shitstorm follows. Hate messages are posted around the world. The professor is called a racist and a fascist, even receives death threats, and his family along with him. In the article, Dirk Helbing and two of his colleagues explain what it was all about: namely, that freedom and human dignity must be protected also in the digital age. Both are in danger, as shown, above all, by so-called social credit score systems, which are already being used in China. (dj) <br /><br />Read more at: <br /><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /><a href="https://www.nzz.ch/schweiz/shitstorm-an-der-eth-ein-professor-erhaelt-morddrohungen-ld.1673554">https://www.nzz.ch/schweiz/shitstorm-an-der-eth-ein-professor-erhaelt-morddrohungen-ld.1673554</a> <br /><br /><a href="https://www.srf.ch/kultur/gesellschaft-religion/eklat-an-der-eth-wenn-ein-angeblicher-schweinevergleich-zur-staatsaffaere-wird">https://www.srf.ch/kultur/gesellschaft-religion/eklat-an-der-eth-wenn-ein-angeblicher-schweinevergleich-zur-staatsaffaere-wird</a></span> <br /><br />Big Data and algorithms have become powerful tools that can be used to organize processes and decisions efficiently and based on rules. This can be quite beneficial, but sometimes involves serious problems that are systematic in nature. This is because algorithmic systems developed for a specific context – such as supply chains – are often generalized and transferred to other objects and processes, also humans and other living beings. For example, algorithmic systems are being used in smart and animal farming. Moreover, increasingly algorithms are being used even as instruments to regulate the organization of human life. <br /><br />One often says „Code is law“, meaning: software determines what is still possible in our society and what is not. From hotel to flight bookings and online shopping to information and job search to dating, everything is now datafied and personalized. More and more effectively, we are made to buy certain products, to have certain feelings and opinions, and to vote for particular political parties. Keyword: "Big Nudging." The methods of manipulation are often so subtle that we don’t even notice them. And yet they are increasingly influencing our actions, our lives, and our society in ways that the “social engineers” sitting in digital control rooms of Big Tech companies and intelligence agencies like. All of this is done with sensitive personal data collected about us by companies and states, often using spying methods. Three methods, in particular, are being used here: "profiling", "scoring", and "targeting" (see below). Increasingly, people are being treated like things, data points, or animals. Doubts are growing as to whether the use of such technologies is compatible with human dignity and our conception of a free society, since they touch the core of democratic constitutions and central principles of the UN Human Rights Charter. What is the problem? <br /></span><ol style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Mass surveillance</b>: With the “War on Terror” at the latest, digital mass surveillance has spread around the world. “Predictive policing” – identifying and tracking potential criminals even before they have committed a crime – has spread internationally. The tool, originally developed for terror investigations, is now also being used by the police. The problem is: the software treats every person as a potential criminal. The constitutional “presumption of innocence” has in principle been replaced by a “presumption of guilt”.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Error rate:</b> the error rates of the algorithms used are often high. They can exceed 95 percent. In other words, there are many innocent people on the suspect lists. Predictive policing is therefore increasingly viewed as problematic. Despite all this, “profiling,” i.e., the creation of highly detailed personal profiles based on sensitive personal data, is widespread, including in the advertising industry. Meanwhile, attempts are already being made to create “digital twins” that are supposed to be a living digital image of ourselves. They are being used for virtual experiments to try to find out how to manipulate our thinking and behavior – and in the future, our health – most effectively. But are digital twins really accurate? Or something that looks confusingly like reality, but is not realistic after all? And is it ethical to use them in this way?</span></li><li><b><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Discrimination:</b> It’s not always about criminals or suspects, who might pose a potential threat. Facial recognition, chat bots, legal tech (i.e., software used to automate the legal system), and algorithms used to pre-screen job applicants have all increasingly come under scrutiny recently. It turns out that the underlying Big Data and AI systems often make racial or otherwise discriminatory classifications and suggest decisions based on them. The risk of bias is great. Worse, “scoring”, i.e. the classification of people on a point scale, intentionally gives customers and people a different value. Scores such as “customer lifetime value” are deciding, who will be offered which products and services at what price – or will get offered them at all. This implies discrimination. In principle, the Social Credit Score even decides who has what rights. The treatment of Uyghurs in China in particular has been sharply criticized internationally. The “Karma Police” surveillance program of the British intelligence agency GCHQ and also the Austrian triage system for the unemployed have been convicted for violating applicable law.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Dehumanization</b>: The aforementioned developments are driving dehumanization. People are increasingly treated like robots, things or data. Qualities such as human dignity, consciousness, love, freedom, and creativity, which are of great importance to us humans, tend to be neglected. They cannot be adequately captured by data and are therefore often ignored. A data-driven society is thus in danger of losing important qualities. The supposedly optimal world created on the basis of numbers can thus quickly become inhumane and dystopian. </span><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Dangerousness:</b> “Profiling” and “scoring” are the basis of “targeting” – a method with which individuals having certain characteristics are specifically being targeted. This often triggers a special treatment: personalized advertising designed to trigger the purchase of a particular product or service, the manipulation of people with certain personality traits toward desired voting decisions, the setting of rates or prices for an insurance policy, etc. But targeting can also result in certain people being treated as suspects, based on questionable generalizations, or even in the triage of patients in hospitals, i.e. decisions about life and death. Furthermore, targeting can be used to mobilize people whose sensitivity to certain issues has been identified. The phenomenon known as “footfall” is used in particular to initiate protest movements, which can sometimes end violently. Even with little personal data, dangerous applications are therefore possible. </span><br /><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></li></ol><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br />So what can we do? Obviously, we need a new, a better digitalization. This should protect human rights and human dignity and offer us the best possible opportunities for development in a free society. It should put people at the center and support creative, social and environmentally friendly action. Digital platforms and applications need a value-sensitive design. Because, when it comes to the question of how to design the digital world, nothing less is at stake than the question of sovereignty – both of individuals and of democratically legitimized institutions. <br /><br /> </span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5335071719468565406.post-9604418199363731612021-11-23T17:54:00.013+00:002021-11-23T18:10:09.454+00:00Es geht um Ihr Leben! Warum wir eine neue Gesellschaft brauchen TEIL 4<p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> <b>Es geht um Ihr Leben! Warum wir eine neue Gesellschaft brauchen </b></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</span></i></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="http://futurict.blogspot.com/2021/01/es-geht-um-ihr-leben-warum-wir-eine.html"><span lang="EN-GB">Teil 1</span></a></span></span></p><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="http://futurict.blogspot.com/2021/02/es-geht-um-ihr-leben-warum-wir-eine.html"><span lang="EN-GB">Teil 2</span></a></span></span></p><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="http://futurict.blogspot.com/2021/11/es-geht-um-ihr-leben-warum-wir-eine.html"><span lang="EN-GB">Teil 3</span></a></span></span></p><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="http://futurict.blogspot.com/2021/11/es-geht-um-ihr-leben-warum-wir-eine_23.html"><span lang="EN-GB">Teil 4</span></a></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>TEIL 4 <br /><br />Leben lernen! </b><br /><br />Trotz allem ist die Lage nicht ganz hoffnungslos. Doch wir müssen den Notausgang aus einem System zu finden, das nicht zukunftsfähig ist – das weder verfassungsmäßig noch nachhaltig ist. Tatsächlich ist die „Apokalypse“ nicht unvermeidlich – es gibt einen Ausweg. Mit anderen Worten: Wir müssen nicht sterben lernen, sondern vielmehr leben lernen.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn1">[1]</a> Doch wie? <br /><br />Im Falle von erwarteten Ressourcen-Knappheiten ist klar, was zu tun ist: man muss den Ressourcenverbrauch reduzieren, wo es möglich ist, Reserven bilden, Ressourceneffizienz erhöhen, eine Kreislaufwirtschaft bauen sowie Güter und Services teilen. <br /><br />Eine zentrale Kontrolle der Welt ist aus wissenschaftlicher Sicht nicht die richtige Strategie zur Bekämpfung globaler Krisen. Vielmehr wären die Wirtschafts- und Gesellschaftssysteme der Welt resilient zu gestalten, so dass sie sich flexibel und schnell von Überraschungen und Schocks, Katastrophen und Krisen erholen können. Dies erfordert Redundanz, diverse Lösungsansätze, dezentrale Organisation, partizipative Ansätze, lokale digitale Assistenz, einen hohen Grad an Autonomie von überschaubaren regionalen Strukturen, und Solidarität.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn2">[2]</a> Das Ziel müssen Lösungen sein, die lokal für längere Zeiträume nachhaltig funktionieren. <br /><br />Skepsis ist hingegen gegenüber Ansätzen angebracht, die eine zentralisierte, daten-getriebene und KI-kontrollierte Welt anstreben – eine Welt also, in der Menschen im Wesentlichen Instruktionen ausführen, die sie von einem solchen System erhalten. In diesem Zusammenhang sind Konzepte wie digitale Impf- oder Immunitätspässe sowie bestimmte Formen von elektronischen IDs, die ein „Internet of Bodies“<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn3">[3]</a> ermöglichen, als unangemessen zu verwerfen.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn4">[4]</a> Sie würden es erlauben, Menschen wie Dinge zu managen – und ihnen dabei Grundrechte willkürlich zu gewähren oder vorzuenthalten. Ein solches Anliegen verstößt gegen die Menschenwürde,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn5">[5]</a> also das zentrale Konzept, auf dem demokratische Verfassungen beruhen – Voraussetzung für legitime Regierungen. <br /><br />So lenken wir die Digitalisierung in die richtige Richtung <br /><br />Lesen Sie dazu unter dem gleichnamigen Titel die entsprechenden Abschnitte im „Spektrum der Wissenschaft“ <br /><br /><a href="https://www.spektrum.de/kolumne/das-grosse-scheitern/1685328">https://www.spektrum.de/kolumne/das-grosse-scheitern/1685328</a> <br /><br /><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191112155321/https:/www.spektrum.de/kolumne/das-grosse-scheitern/1685328">https://web.archive.org/web/20191112155321/https://www.spektrum.de/kolumne/das-grosse-scheitern/1685328</a> <br /><br />Lesen Sie auch: <br /><br />“Log of the Rightwing Power Grab of Society” <br /><br /><a href="https://theconnectivist.wordpress.com/2019/08/06/log-of-the-rightwing-power-grab-of-society/">https://theconnectivist.wordpress.com/2019/08/06/log-of-the-rightwing-power-grab-of-society/</a> <br /><br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref1">[1]</a> <a href="https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/artificial-intelligence-resilience-covid19-climate-change-by-dirk-helbing-and-peter-seele-2020-11">https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/artificial-intelligence-resilience-covid19-climate-change-by-dirk-helbing-and-peter-seele-2020-11</a> <br /> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref2">[2]</a> Master the Disaster, Schweizer Monat, <a href="https://schweizermonat.ch/master-the-disaster/">https://schweizermonat.ch/master-the-disaster/</a> <br /> <br /><br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref3">[3]</a> <a href="https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/06/internet-of-bodies-covid19-recovery-governance-health-data/">https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/06/internet-of-bodies-covid19-recovery-governance-health-data/</a> <br /><br /><a href="https://www.rand.org/blog/articles/2020/10/the-internet-of-bodies-will-change-everything-for-better-or-worse.html">https://www.rand.org/blog/articles/2020/10/the-internet-of-bodies-will-change-everything-for-better-or-worse.html</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref4">[4]</a> <a href="https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/digital-id-covid19-human-rights-surveillance-technology-by-dirk-helbing-and-peter-seele-2020-09">https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/digital-id-covid19-human-rights-surveillance-technology-by-dirk-helbing-and-peter-seele-2020-09</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref5">[5]</a> <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menschenw%C3%BCrde">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menschenwürde</a> </span></span></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5335071719468565406.post-42975275629497046492021-11-23T17:39:00.015+00:002021-11-23T18:11:09.396+00:00Es geht um Ihr Leben! Warum wir eine neue Gesellschaft brauchen TEIL 3<p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span style="font-size: large;"> <b>Es geht um Ihr Leben! Warum wir eine neue Gesellschaft brauchen</b></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><i><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IE; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">LINKS </span></i></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><i><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IE; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">
</span></i></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="http://futurict.blogspot.com/2021/01/es-geht-um-ihr-leben-warum-wir-eine.html"><span lang="EN-GB">Teil 1</span></a></span></span></p><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
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</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="http://futurict.blogspot.com/2021/02/es-geht-um-ihr-leben-warum-wir-eine.html"><span lang="EN-GB">Teil 2</span></a></span></span></p><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
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</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="http://futurict.blogspot.com/2021/11/es-geht-um-ihr-leben-warum-wir-eine.html"><span lang="EN-GB">Teil 3</span></a></span></span></p><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
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</span></span><p><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="http://futurict.blogspot.com/2021/11/es-geht-um-ihr-leben-warum-wir-eine_23.html"><span lang="EN-GB">Teil 4</span></a></span></span><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /><br /><b>TEIL 3 Todesstrafe </b><br /><br />Am 30. März 2020 gegen 15:00 Uhr ging eine Variante des obigen Texts bei einer Computerzeitschrift online.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn1">[1]</a> Zwei Stunden später jedoch wurde er wieder vom Netz genommen. Zu brisant... Auch hatte ich in einem Rechtsverfahren am 30. Januar 2020 in Vorausahnung des Kommenden darauf hingewiesen, dass Anwendungen der Logik des Trolley Problems und (potenziell Algorithmen-gestützte) Sterbeentscheidungen dergestalt seien, dass sie – ohne dass dies wirklich erforderlich oder sachdienlich wäre – den Kerngehalt der demokratischen und rechtsstaatlichen Gesellschaftsordnung bedrohten, was auch in Krisensituationen wie einem „Klimanotstand“ nicht sein dürfe. Doch das Gericht ging auf das Thema gar nicht erst ein. Dennoch zeigte ein Zeitungsartikel<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn2">[2]</a> Wirkung, obwohl er zeitweise per Internetsuche nicht auffindbar war. Vorübergehend gingen die Todesraten in einigen Ländern fast auf Null zurück. Dann wurde die „zweite Welle“ prophezeit, und alles fing wieder von vorne an. Inzwischen sind wir bei der vierten Welle angelangt, und die fünfte ist schon prophezeit.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn3">[3]</a> <br /><br />So nahm das Unglück seinen Lauf. Schon im Oktober 2019 hatte ich mich gefragt, ob etwas im Busche war. Unter anderem, weil ich am 17. Oktober 2019 die Anfrage einer Zeitschrift erhielt, welche ihr Dezember-Heft zum Thema „Sicher durch die Krise“ plante. Ob ich einen Beitrag liefern könne? Ich sagte zu. Mein Artikel trug den Titel „Master the Disaster“.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn4">[4]</a> „Kommt bald die Quittung für alles?,“ fragte ich. „Nicht, wenn wir jetzt mit digitalen Tools und neuen Ideen dagegenhalten.“ Es folgte ein „Plädoyer für ein Systemupgrade.“ Ich empfahl, „Wir müssen Städte und Regionen in Innovationsmotoren verwandeln, in eine Art riesigen Maker Space.“ Darüber hinaus forderte ich partizipative Resilienz gegen die Krise und Kooperation gegen den Kollaps. <br /><br />Doch bevor der Beitrag erschien, las man am 5. November 2019 schon bei „Bloomberg“:<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn5">[5]</a> „Earth Needs Fewer People to Beat the Climate Crisis, Scientists Say“. „More than 11,000 experts sign an emergency declaration warning that energy, food and reproduction must change immediately.“ Ich bekam eine Gänsehaut. Erst später lernte ich, dass es im Oktober 2019 ein Pandemie-Planspiel gegeben hatte, das die Politik drängen sollte, neue, kostspielige Maßnahmen zur Pandemiebekämpfung zu treffen.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn6">[6]</a> Zuvor hatte das Global Preparedness Monitoring Board in ihrem Bericht “A World at Risk” gefordert:<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn7">[7]</a> “The United Nations (including WHO) conducts at least two systemwide training and simulation exercises, including one for covering the deliberate release of a lethal respiratory pathogen.” Befanden wir uns also in einem Pandemie-Experiment? Das wollte ich nicht hoffen! <br /><br />Die Forderung nach Populationskontrolle oder Depopulation war indessen nicht neu. Schon 10 Jahre zuvor, am 26. Mai 2009, konnte man im „Wall Street Journal“<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn8">[8]</a> unter dem Titel „Billionaires Try to Shrink World’s Population…” über ein exklusives New Yorker Meeting lesen, welches sogar Namen nannte. Auch “The Guardian” berichtete am 31. Mai 2009 darüber: “They’re called the Good Club – and they want to save the world“:<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn9">[9]</a> „It is the most elite club in the world. Ordinary people need not apply. Indeed there is no way to ask to join. You simply have to be very, very rich and very, very generous. On a global scale.“ Das war natürlich zynisch gemeint. Den Rest kennen Sie ja bereits. Waren also einige der Reichsten und Mächtigsten der Welt der Meinung, die Bevölkerung des Planeten Erde müsse dezimiert werden?<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn10">[10]</a> <br /><br />Was auch immer die Ursache der jetzigen Pandemie war: Ende 2019 ahnten die meisten noch nicht, was ihnen bevorstand. Covid-19 kam erst 2020 in die Schlagzeilen. Als China die Weltgesundheitsorganisation WHO informierte, war es schon zu spät. Das Virus hatte sich bereits um die halbe Welt verbreitet und begann wenig später in allen Ecken der Welt zu wüten. Obwohl bekannt war, dass uns irgendwann wieder eine Pandemie und Lungenkrankheit bevorstehen würde, war man auffällig schlecht gerüstet. Es fehlte an Beatmungsgeräten, an Masken und Desinfektionsmitteln. Zum Teil waren Desinfektionsmittelvorräte sogar im Jahr davor entsorgt worden – nachdem sie Jahrzehnte lang vorgehalten worden waren.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn11">[11]</a> <br /><br />So starben massenhaft Menschen, und das Thema „Triage“ war plötzlich in aller Munde, als sei man im Krieg. Wer den Mut hatte, stellte sich die Frage: Wurden alte und gebrechliche Menschen jetzt bewusst „entsorgt“, weil sie dem Gesundheitssystem großen Aufwand und hohe Kosten verursachten? Die Rede vom „Senozid“ machte die Runde:<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn12">[12]</a> Hochbetagte traf es besonders hart. Kam jetzt eine Triage-basierte neo-feudale Gesellschaft mit „Auserwählten“ und „Verdammten“ und dem Rest der Welt? War das wirklich nötig, oder wurde die Krise genutzt, um unbemerkt einen Systemwechsel auf den Weg zu bringen, wo jene, die nicht „systemrelevant“ waren, nicht mehr viel vom Leben zu erwarten hatten? <br /><br />Auf Twitter wetterte ich über ungebetene „Sterbehilfe“.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn13">[13]</a> Da hieß es noch, ich habe das sicher missverstanden. Wirklich? „Auch das deutsche Ärzteteam berichtet, dass infizierten Patienten in Pflegeheimen wie auch Rettungsdienste bei Infizierten über 80 „schnelle Sterbebegleitung mit Opiaten und Schlafmitteln“ leisteten“ stand da. <br /><br />Kaum noch Zweifel konnte man haben, als Ferdinand von Schirach wieder einmal mit einem Mitmach-Tribunal von sich reden machte. In grandioser Aufmachung ging sein neues Fernsehereignis über Deutschland und die Schweiz hernieder. Der Titel „Gott“ verhieß spirituelle Einsicht. Stattdessen ging es um Sterbehilfe, die ultimative menschliche Anmaßung: Die Frau eines älteren Mannes war gestorben, und seither habe er die Lust am Leben verloren. Er wollte sich das Leben nehmen und Sterbehilfe durch seine Hausärztin durchsetzen – vor einer Ethikkommission! <br /><br />Auch diesmal wieder verstand es von Schirach, das Fernsehpublikum mit psychologischen Tricks um den Finger zu wickeln. Offenbar konnte er es nicht lassen, die von ihm geschickt angestachelten Zuschauer gegen den etablierten Rechtsstaat aufzuhetzen – immerhin bot ihm das Fernsehen ja eine Plattform dafür. Bevor das Thema überhaupt unabhängig und seriös von allen Seiten beleuchtet und diskutiert werden konnte, ließ man das aufgepeitschte Fernsehvolk über neue Rechtsprinzipien abstimmen, die der früheren Rechtsprechung diametral entgegengesetzt waren. <br /><br />Irgendwie hatte ich das Gefühl, da steckt mehr dahinter. Und so machte ich mich bei Wikipedia nach seiner Familien-Geschichte auf die Suche. Schauen Sie selber einmal nach seinem Großvater Baldur Benedikt von Schirach.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn14">[14]</a> Dann werden Sie vielleicht genauso überrascht sein wie ich... <br /><br />Aber zurück zum Inhalt. Schon vor der Ausstrahlung protestierten Mediziner gegen den Suizid-Film – weil er irreführend sei.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn15">[15]</a> Ethik sei keine Abstimmungssache, protestierte „Die Zeit“.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn16">[16]</a> Auch „Der Spiegel“ wunderte sich über den „Sterbehilfe-Event im Ersten”:<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn17">[17]</a> „Mitten in der Pandemie veranstaltet das Erste [Fernseh-Programm] das Themenabend-Spektakel „Gott“: Starschauspieler und TV-Publikum urteilen über das Für und Wider des Freitods. Ein grauenvolles Mitmach-Tribunal.“ In der Tat! Dabei hatte das Bundesverfassungsgericht pünktlich zu Beginn der Pandemie bereits im Februar 2020 das Verbot der geschäftsmässigen Sterbehilfe aufgehoben,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn18">[18]</a> bevor Lockdowns und Triage kamen. Nun stand der Sterbeassistenz im industriellen Maßstab im Prinzip nichts mehr im Weg. Ähnliche Gesetze wurden übrigens in Portugal,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn19">[19]</a> Österreich<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn20">[20]</a> und vermutlich auch in anderen Ländern erlassen. Ein <br /><br />publikumswirksamer „Blick“-Artikel unter dem Titel „Lizenz zum Sterben“ ging sogar noch weiter. Da konnte man lesen:<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn21">[21]</a> <br /><br />„Triage ohne Rücksicht auf den Rang <br /><br />Dominique Jean Larrey, Sohn eines Schuhmachers, setzte im Laufe der napoleonischen Kriege als Militärarzt und Feldchirurg eine neue Triage durch. Er nahm keine Rücksicht auf den militärischen Rang der Verwundeten. ... <br /><br />Mit der Pandemie ist das Thema Triage wieder in den Schlagzeilen. Wer kriegt das letzte Beatmungsgerät? ... Eine neunstufige Skala soll Intensivmedizinern bei Bedarf helfen, Patienten nach medizinethischen Grundsätzen zu klassifizieren und dafür zu sorgen, dass Entscheide im Nachhinein transparent und nachvollziehbar sind. <br /><br />Schmerzbefreiung mit Todesfolge <br /><br />Wer aber in den kommenden Wintermonaten durch die Triage fällt, sollte wenigstens die Wahl haben, sein absehbares Ende durch eine externe Freitodbegleitung innerhalb des Spitals abzukürzen. Falls er dies ausdrücklich wünscht. Zurzeit sind Freitodbegleitungen in Universitätsspitälern juristisch nicht zulässig, obwohl Sterbehilfe keine Tötung wäre, sondern eher Schmerzbefreiung mit Todesfolge. <br /><br />Leider leisten sich viele Gesunde eine Gutmenschenethik, die weder auf Schmerzerfahrung noch auf Empathie beruht. Die Erlösung, die man dem geliebten Haustier gewährt, sollte man auch dem Menschen gewähren. Sofern er dies wünscht.“ <br /><br />Einschläfern wie ein Haustier möge man den ermatteten Menschen also – soweit ist es mit unserer Zivilisation also gekommen! Ein Leben ausschalten zu können wie einen Lichtschalter, das scheint voll in unser technologie-getriebenes Zeitalter zu passen, in dem man Menschen zunehmend als biologische Roboter versteht. „Meinen die das wirklich ernst?“ frage ich mich manchmal. <br /><br />Dabei hätte es nicht soweit kommen müssen. Denn für den 11. September 2017 war ich kurzfristig eingeladen worden, auf einer Staatsanwaltschaftsretraite zu sprechen. Es ging um Auswirkungen der Digitalisierung und rechtliche Implikationen. Dort machte ich unmissverständlich darauf aufmerksam, dass uns im Rahmen von Nachhaltigkeitsproblemen und digitaler Automatisierung ein neuer Totalitarismus sowie Depopulation und Euthanasie drohten – wenn man nicht endlich handelte. <br /><br />Die Lage sei aber nicht aussichtslos, führte ich weiter aus. Es gäbe bessere Lösungen wie eine Kreislaufwirtschaft und Sharing Economy, ein demokratischer Kapitalismus, ein neues Finanzsystem 4.0, die digitale Demokratie und Städteolympiaden zum Beispiel. Doch stattdessen kam die Pandemie – erst mit 5000 Corona-Toten pro Tag, dann mit 10,000 Toten (Quelle: Wikipedia).<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn22">[22]</a><br /><br /> <br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmpbJ4vFOgV2hlICZNXXD_5tv1b2XVjRBS3oXjykVCm0j2Ah5It-cUjkAqx29IuEVuBDNHhOgiM_a3g8BZVtrAGrv4iXCS9lb-HYOwgeQ4Yt249gMhoCJb_d4LoJvvr_JE6fxMzdwkZ5M/s951/pic+1.png"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmpbJ4vFOgV2hlICZNXXD_5tv1b2XVjRBS3oXjykVCm0j2Ah5It-cUjkAqx29IuEVuBDNHhOgiM_a3g8BZVtrAGrv4iXCS9lb-HYOwgeQ4Yt249gMhoCJb_d4LoJvvr_JE6fxMzdwkZ5M/w640-h348/pic+1.png" /></a><br /> <br />Ich will nicht so weit gehen zu sagen, dass diese Sterberaten geplant sind, auch wenn es manchmal ein wenig so aussieht.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn23">[23]</a> „Ist es Eugenik?“, fragten sich Historiker dennoch.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn24">[24]</a> Die vielen Corona-Toten sind so schon schlimm genug. Doch leider kommt es noch viel schlimmer. Bereits am 5. April 2020 hatte ich auf Twitter vor den Sekundärfolgen der Corona-Maßnahmen gewarnt (siehe Punkt 2):<br /><br /><br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1oXeEWwHBBPh9k8ZzIIW55dxzL_JOg-HveAxrgwbaAdzy0luJpEpV8elieyiYNT7hWyaeCNUN_kACioKOkxlvzxpdvIKh1_Zv0TPHnPe0JyK8Q-MMexq1kD_zGKPxykoN8iWmanqNVI8/s478/Picture2.png"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1oXeEWwHBBPh9k8ZzIIW55dxzL_JOg-HveAxrgwbaAdzy0luJpEpV8elieyiYNT7hWyaeCNUN_kACioKOkxlvzxpdvIKh1_Zv0TPHnPe0JyK8Q-MMexq1kD_zGKPxykoN8iWmanqNVI8/w640-h516/Picture2.png" /></a><br /> <br /><br /><br /><br /> <br /><br /> <br /><br />Aber das Thema fand erst Mitte Januar 2021 Beachtung.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn25">[25]</a> Am 31. August 2020 war bei Bloomberg noch zu lesen: „A Tenth of the World Could Go Hungry While Crops Rot in the Fields“.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn26">[26]</a> Infolge von Störungen der Lieferketten durch Covid-19 könnten mehr Leute zusätzlich an Hunger sterben als an der Pandemie selber: 12,000 Menschen pro Tag. Inzwischen sind an Covid-19 und den Nebenwirkungen der getroffenen Maßnahmen wohl schon mehr Menschen gestorben als im ersten Weltkrieg!!! <br /><br />Wenn man überdies den Zuwachs der Weltbevölkerung stoppen wollte, dann müssten pro Jahr ca. 80 Millionen Menschen zusätzlich sterben.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn27">[27]</a> Jedes Jahr wären das so viele Menschen wie im 2. Weltkrieg und im Holocaust zusammen! Wenn man den Prognosen des Club of Rome glauben wollte, dann würden im Laufe des Jahrhunderts gar ein Drittel der Menschheit vorzeitig sterben. Das war ja hoffentlich nicht der Plan! Oder etwa doch? Denn schon prophezeite man die „dritte Welle“. Prognostiziert wurden 10-fach höhere Infektionszahlen bis Ostern 2021<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn28">[28]</a> oder gar eine Steigerung der Infektionszahlen um den Faktor 50.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn29">[29]</a> <br /><br />Es kam anders, doch nun sind wir schon in der vierten Welle. Bald werde jeder „geimpft, genesen oder gestorben“ sein, stellte der scheidende deutsche Gesundheitsminister in Aussicht.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn30">[30]</a> Werden nun also die Todesraten in die Höhe schnellen? Dann wäre die Welt bald eine Art Schlachtfeld, wie man es schon in Brasilien und Indien sah. Waren die ambitionierten Nachhaltigkeitsziele der Politik etwa anders nicht erreichbar?<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn31">[31]</a> <br /><br />Das alles machte mich sprachlos. Die Industrie hatte es völlig vermasselt, schien es, Politik und Rechtssystem hatten es geschehen lassen. Wir standen vor einem politischen Totalversagen. Was noch schlimmer war: Die Verantwortlichen taten so, als sei das angesichts von Covid-19 alles ganz normal. Keiner sah sich veranlasst zurückzutreten. Vielmehr versuchte man ein „New Normal“ zu installieren, in dem nur noch Platz für „Systemrelevante“ war. In diesem Zusammenhang fühlte man sich unweigerlich an Yuval Noah Harari erinnert, der uns, der angesichts von Bestrebungen der Eliten, ihr Leben technologisch zu verlängern oder gar unsterblich zu werden,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn32">[32]</a> warnte:<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn33">[33]</a> <br /><br /> <br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyKk0zflp1ORaKQCYmp0cDMnvofuIeuAQBulyi8qvvh_MnU4Qvb16cFJlcx286a10WNkQgR0kR9c3qEqsLRb3r1JuiLkPpRFq4HdWhucLXnPXEWSy0vZVcF6wHbty5MFuxr4tYBRShDQM/s530/Picture3.png"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyKk0zflp1ORaKQCYmp0cDMnvofuIeuAQBulyi8qvvh_MnU4Qvb16cFJlcx286a10WNkQgR0kR9c3qEqsLRb3r1JuiLkPpRFq4HdWhucLXnPXEWSy0vZVcF6wHbty5MFuxr4tYBRShDQM/w640-h278/Picture3.png" /></a><br /><br /> <span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref1">[1]</a> <a href="https://www.pcwelt.de/ratgeber/Kommentar-Es-geht-um-Ihr-Leben-10782364.html">https://www.pcwelt.de/ratgeber/Kommentar-Es-geht-um-Ihr-Leben-10782364.html</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref2">[2]</a> <a href="https://www.nzz.ch/meinung/ethisch-sterben-die-gefahr-der-moralischen-entgleisung-ld.1542682">https://www.nzz.ch/meinung/ethisch-sterben-die-gefahr-der-moralischen-entgleisung-ld.1542682</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref3">[3]</a> <a href="https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/wieler-rki-warnungen-fuenfte-welle-101.html">https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/wieler-rki-warnungen-fuenfte-welle-101.html</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref4">[4]</a> <a href="https://schweizermonat.ch/master-the-disaster/">https://schweizermonat.ch/master-the-disaster/</a> <a href="https://avenue.argusdatainsights.ch/Article/AvenueClip?artikelHash=b28a0607bbbe46fe9920d2d08f0726a2_8CB9FE5DAC4DED10B46B02983DFD3B41&artikelDateiId=240430037">https://avenue.argusdatainsights.ch/Article/AvenueClip?artikelHash=b28a0607bbbe46fe9920d2d08f0726a2_8CB9FE5DAC4DED10B46B02983DFD3B41&artikelDateiId=240430037</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref5">[5]</a> <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-11-05/scientists-call-for-population-control-in-mass-climate-alarm">https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-11-05/scientists-call-for-population-control-in-mass-climate-alarm</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref6">[6]</a> https://www.centerforhealthsecurity.org/event201/ <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref7">[7]</a> <a href="https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/GPMB_annualreport_2019.pdf">https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/GPMB_annualreport_2019.pdf</a>, page VIII <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref8">[8]</a> <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/BL-WHB-1322">https://www.wsj.com/articles/BL-WHB-1322</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref9">[9]</a> <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/may/31/new-york-billionaire-philanthropists">https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/may/31/new-york-billionaire-philanthropists</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref10">[10]</a> In ähnliche Richtung geht dieser Bericht mit dem Titel „Survival of the Richest“: <a href="https://onezero.medium.com/survival-of-the-richest-9ef6cddd0cc1">https://onezero.medium.com/survival-of-the-richest-9ef6cddd0cc1</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref11">[11]</a> <a href="https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/wie-der-bund-seine-alkoholvorraete-aufloeste-und-nun-neu-aufbauen-muss-396748928247">https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/wie-der-bund-seine-alkoholvorraete-aufloeste-und-nun-neu-aufbauen-muss-396748928247</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref12">[12]</a> <a href="https://www.nzz.ch/feuilleton/niall-ferguson-was-bedeutet-es-dass-das-coronavirus-altersdiskriminierend-wirkt-ld.1547902">https://www.nzz.ch/feuilleton/niall-ferguson-was-bedeutet-es-dass-das-coronavirus-altersdiskriminierend-wirkt-ld.1547902</a> <br /><br /><a href="https://www.nzz.ch/schweiz/triage-richtlininen-in-den-spitaelern-loesen-harsche-kritik-aus-ld.1584225">https://www.nzz.ch/schweiz/triage-richtlininen-in-den-spitaelern-loesen-harsche-kritik-aus-ld.1584225</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref13">[13]</a> <a href="https://www.welt.de/politik/ausland/plus206815855/Corona-in-Frankreich-Den-aeltesten-Patienten-helfen-sie-nur-noch-beim-Sterben.html">https://www.welt.de/politik/ausland/plus206815855/Corona-in-Frankreich-Den-aeltesten-Patienten-helfen-sie-nur-noch-beim-Sterben.html</a> <br /><br /><a href="https://www.springermedizin.de/covid-19/infektionserkrankungen-in-der-hausarztpraxis/statt-beatmung-sterbehilfe-bei-ueber-80-jaehrigen-patienten/17842446">https://www.springermedizin.de/covid-19/infektionserkrankungen-in-der-hausarztpraxis/statt-beatmung-sterbehilfe-bei-ueber-80-jaehrigen-patienten/17842446</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref14">[14]</a> <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baldur_von_Schirach">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baldur_von_Schirach</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref15">[15]</a> <a href="https://www.faz.net/aktuell/feuilleton/medien/offener-brief-zu-gott-von-ferdinand-von-schirach-17063545.html">https://www.faz.net/aktuell/feuilleton/medien/offener-brief-zu-gott-von-ferdinand-von-schirach-17063545.html</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref16">[16]</a> <a href="https://www.zeit.de/kultur/film/2020-11/gott-ferdinand-von-schirach-ard-fernsehen-ethik-abstimmung-sterbehilfe">https://www.zeit.de/kultur/film/2020-11/gott-ferdinand-von-schirach-ard-fernsehen-ethik-abstimmung-sterbehilfe</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref17">[17]</a> <a href="https://www.spiegel.de/kultur/tv/schirach-themenabend-gott-der-tod-ist-ein-lehrmeister-aus-deutschland-a-60284923-bcbb-4c53-8e82-90f8996b80b1">https://www.spiegel.de/kultur/tv/schirach-themenabend-gott-der-tod-ist-ein-lehrmeister-aus-deutschland-a-60284923-bcbb-4c53-8e82-90f8996b80b1</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref18">[18]</a> <a href="https://www.spiegel.de/panorama/justiz/sterbehilfe-bundesverfassungsgericht-erlaubt-geschaeftsmaessige-beihilfe-zum-suizid-a-313fb29b-43af-4524-a16c-b469daf33062">https://www.spiegel.de/panorama/justiz/sterbehilfe-bundesverfassungsgericht-erlaubt-geschaeftsmaessige-beihilfe-zum-suizid-a-313fb29b-43af-4524-a16c-b469daf33062</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref19">[19]</a> <a href="https://www.nzz.ch/international/portugal-das-parlament-will-die-aktive-sterbehilfe-erlauben-ld.1541916?reduced=true">https://www.nzz.ch/international/portugal-das-parlament-will-die-aktive-sterbehilfe-erlauben-ld.1541916</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref20">[20]</a> <a href="https://www.zeit.de/gesellschaft/2020-12/oesterreich-sterbehilfe-verfassungsgericht-hilfe-selbststoetung-selbstbestimmung">https://www.zeit.de/gesellschaft/2020-12/oesterreich-sterbehilfe-verfassungsgericht-hilfe-selbststoetung-selbstbestimmung</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref21">[21]</a> <a href="https://www.blick.ch/meinung/kolumnen/kolumne-geschichte-ueber-die-triage-in-der-corona-pandemie-lizenz-zum-sterben-id16215543.html">https://www.blick.ch/meinung/kolumnen/kolumne-geschichte-ueber-die-triage-in-der-corona-pandemie-lizenz-zum-sterben-id16215543.html</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref22">[22]</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref23">[23]</a> <a href="https://www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/soziales/lockdown-was-corona-mit-dem-zweiten-weltkrieg-zu-tun-hat-kolumne-a-1fb695d7-56b5-40e4-807e-9c379762fa3a">https://www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/soziales/lockdown-was-corona-mit-dem-zweiten-weltkrieg-zu-tun-hat-kolumne-a-1fb695d7-56b5-40e4-807e-9c379762fa3a</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref24">[24]</a> <a href="https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/ist-es-eugenik-482375266020">https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/ist-es-eugenik-482375266020</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref25">[25]</a> <a href="https://www.nzz.ch/wirtschaft/corona-auch-die-abkuehlung-der-wirtschaft-kostet-menschenleben-ld.1596469">https://www.nzz.ch/wirtschaft/corona-auch-die-abkuehlung-der-wirtschaft-kostet-menschenleben-ld.1596469</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref26">[26]</a> <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2020-08-31/hunger-is-threatening-to-kill-more-people-than-covid-this-year">https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2020-08-31/hunger-is-threatening-to-kill-more-people-than-covid-this-year</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref27">[27]</a> Diese Schätzung beruht auf der Differenz zwischen den Geburten und Todesfällen laut <a href="https://www.worldometers.info/">https://www.worldometers.info</a>. <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref28">[28]</a> <a href="https://www.focus.de/gesundheit/coronavirus/die-corona-erklaerer-10-mal-so-hohe-corona-inzidenz-zu-ostern-virologe-merkel-koennte-wieder-recht-haben_id_12866183.html">https://www.focus.de/gesundheit/coronavirus/die-corona-erklaerer-10-mal-so-hohe-corona-inzidenz-zu-ostern-virologe-merkel-koennte-wieder-recht-haben_id_12866183.html</a> <br /><br /><a href="https://www.focus.de/gesundheit/coronavirus/bis-zu-100-000-faelle-pro-tag-drosten-habe-schlimme-befuerchtungen-was-im-fruehjahr-und-sommer-passieren-koennte_id_12896893.html">https://www.focus.de/gesundheit/coronavirus/bis-zu-100-000-faelle-pro-tag-drosten-habe-schlimme-befuerchtungen-was-im-fruehjahr-und-sommer-passieren-koennte_id_12896893.html</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref29">[29]</a> <a href="https://www.welt.de/wissenschaft/plus224692877/Virologe-zu-Mutationen-Dann-ist-die-Inzidenz-in-drei-Monaten-bei-5000-Prozent-von-der-heutigen.html">https://www.welt.de/wissenschaft/plus224692877/Virologe-zu-Mutationen-Dann-ist-die-Inzidenz-in-drei-Monaten-bei-5000-Prozent-von-der-heutigen.html</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref30">[30]</a> <a href="https://www.zdf.de/nachrichten/politik/pressekonferenz-spahn-biontech-moderna-lieferungen-100.html">https://www.zdf.de/nachrichten/politik/pressekonferenz-spahn-biontech-moderna-lieferungen-100.html</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref31">[31]</a> Irgendwie ahnt man, dass es einen Zusammenhang mit dem „Klimanotstand“ geben könnte ) <a href="https://www.theeuropean.de/rainer-zitelmann/karl-lauterbach-plant-nach-corona-oeko-diktatur/">https://www.theeuropean.de/rainer-zitelmann/karl-lauterbach-plant-nach-corona-oeko-diktatur/</a>). Auch in der „Welt“ ist von Corona als Generalprobe für die Klimakrise die Rede (<a href="https://www.welt.de/kultur/plus223754002/Dauerhafter-Lockdown-Corona-als-Generalprobe-fuer-die-Klimakrise.html">https://www.welt.de/kultur/plus223754002/Dauerhafter-Lockdown-Corona-als-Generalprobe-fuer-die-Klimakrise.html</a>). Was bedeutet es also, 55% CO2 bis 2030 einzusparen, wie es von der Europäischen Union geplant ist? (<a href="https://www.welt.de/wirtschaft/article215766858/55-Prozent-weniger-CO-Von-der-Leyen-wagt-beim-Klimaplan-das-Maximum.html">https://www.welt.de/wirtschaft/article215766858/55-Prozent-weniger-CO-Von-der-Leyen-wagt-beim-Klimaplan-das-Maximum.html</a>, https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/eu-staaten-und-europaparlament-einig-zu-klimaziel-fuer-2030-371688887118). Bedenkt man, dass etwa ein Drittel der CO2-Emissionen durch die Industrie, ein Drittel durch den Straßenverkehr und ein Drittel durch private Haushalte verursacht wird, dann muss man Energie-Erzeugung und Straßenverkehr innerhalb von 10 Jahren auf andere Technologien umstellen, was kaum möglich ist, oder Verkehr und Industrieproduktion auf ein absolutes Minimum reduzieren. Das lässt den Lockdown logisch erscheinen. Eine reduzierte Bevölkerung würde die Erreichung der Klima-Ziele natürlich erleichtern... <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref32">[32]</a> Tatsächlich beschloss der Schweizer Nationalrat, dass jeder, der nicht widerspricht, in Zukunft als Organspender behandelt würde (<a href="https://www.nzz.ch/schweiz/nationalrat-will-mit-neuer-regelung-mehr-organspenden-ld.1623638">https://www.nzz.ch/schweiz/nationalrat-will-mit-neuer-regelung-mehr-organspenden-ld.1623638</a>) am gleichen Tag, als „Die Republik“ für die Sterbehilfe plädierte (<a href="https://www.republik.ch/2021/05/04/sterben-lassen">https://www.republik.ch/2021/05/04/sterben-lassen</a>). Natürlich fragte man sich da unwillkürlich, ob Reiche für immer zu leben hofften, während Arme sterben müssten (<a href="https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/warum-arme-in-der-schweiz-haeufiger-an-covid-19-sterben-563912155655">https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/warum-arme-in-der-schweiz-haeufiger-an-covid-19-sterben-563912155655</a>, https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/wo-man-versichert-ist-kann-ueber-leben-oder-tod-entscheiden-752186910381). <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref33">[33]</a> <a href="https://www.ynharari.com/book/21-lessons-book/">https://www.ynharari.com/book/21-lessons-book/</a></span> </span></span></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5335071719468565406.post-51988748501163865812021-09-30T10:47:00.009+01:002021-09-30T21:45:26.227+01:00IS WORLD WAR III ALREADY HAPPENING?: Teil 3: Trump vs. Big Pharma<p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">A "piecemeal" World War III may have already begun.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn1">[1]</a> </span></span></p><p><i><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Pope Francis, 2014 </span></span></i></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: red;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">For an approximate English translation use deepl.com or Google Chrome </span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="http://futurict.blogspot.com/2021/09/is-world-war-iii-already-happening.html">Teil 1: Von Wohltätern und Erpressern</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="http://futurict.blogspot.com/2021/09/is-world-war-iii-already-happening-teil.html">Teil 2: Drogendealer</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Teil 3: Trump vs. Big Pharma </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Es war Anfang 2017. Donald Trump war gerade zum neuen Präsidenten gewählt worden, aber vereidigt würde er erst in einer Woche. Da wurde Trump in einem internen Meeting schon gewarnt, es drohe die schlimmste Influenza Pandemie seit 1918. So kann man es in „Politico“ nachlesen.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn2">[2]</a> Die Vergleiche von COVID-19 mit der „Spanischen Grippe“ kennen Sie ja.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn3">[3]</a> „Transmission likely through respiratory routes“ hieß es da,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn4">[4]</a> und es war von einer „Public Health Emergency“ (PHE) die Rede. Das war wohl damals als Ansage zu verstehen. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Einige Monate später dann entfaltete sich ein politischer Skandal. Eine Frau namens Stormy Daniels trat auf den Plan. Es hieß, die Pornodarstellerin habe im Jahr 2006 eine Affäre mit Donald Trump gehabt.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn5">[5]</a> So etwas ist nicht verboten, aber in einem Land wie den USA, lässt sich das politisch sehr wohl ausschlachten. Um dem vorzubeugen, hatte Trumps langjähriger Troubleshooter, Michael Cohen, vorsorglich Schweigegeld an Stormy Daniels gezahlt, so scheint es. Eigentlich viel interessanter jedoch ist folgender Umstand: Cohen „hat hohe Beträge von Firmen erhalten – für unbekannte Gegenleistungen“.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn6">[6]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Offenbar versuchte man über Trumps Vertrauten, herauszufinden, wie sich Trump gegenüber der Pharmaindustrie positionieren würde. Vielleicht, weil der involvierten Firma in den USA eine Milliardenbuße drohte.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn7">[7]</a> Im April 2016 erfuhr man dann, ein „Whistleblower bringt [Big Phi] in die Klemme“.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn8">[8]</a> Vermutlich erhoffte man sich die Hilfe des Präsidenten in der Sache. Doch als erkennbar wurde, dass Trump nicht mitspielen würde, kam es zum Skandal. Zwar konnte man nicht nachweisen, dass Trump die Schweigegeldzahlung beauftragt hatte. Aber es sah so aus, als sei Donald Trump in eine Sexfalle getappt. Am Ende wurde Stormy Daniels verurteilt – letztinstanzlich 2021.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn9">[9]</a> Zuvor wurde Michael Cohen zu Fall gebracht. Er stolperte über „Russiagate“ – und musste ins Gefängnis. Würde Donald Trump das auf sich sitzen lassen? </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Wir werden noch darauf zu sprechen kommen. Am 22. Mai 2019 las man erst einmal: „[Big Phi] bereitet die Öffentlichkeit auf einen Preisschock vor“.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn10">[10]</a> „Die erste millionenteure Gentherapie des … Medikamentenherstellers … befindet sich in den USA kurz vor dem Zulassungsentscheid. Das Management der Firma versucht, durch intensive Lobbyarbeit um Verständnis zu werben. Dennoch droht ein Imageschaden.“ Offenbar interessierte man sich jetzt für eine „Elitenmedizin“. Das bestätigten mir auch andere Quellen. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Interessierten sich die Pharmariesen überhaupt noch für die Gesundheit normaler Menschen, oder waren sie jetzt völlig abgehoben? Die Antwort kam am 20. Dezember 2019. Da war von einer „Lebenslotterie“ die Rede.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn11">[11]</a> Man hatte eine Behandlung entwickelt, die mehrere Millionen Dollar kostete. Wenn überhaupt, würde sie nur wenigen Menschen zugute kommen. Wer sollte das bezahlen? Wie sollte das Gesundheitssystem solche extremen Ungleichheiten bewältigen? Wäre das überhaupt noch mit dem demokratischen Gleichheitsgrundsatz vereinbar? </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Sehr überraschend kam es also nicht, als Donald Trump im Juli 2019 Big Pharma unter Druck setzte und gegen zu hohe Medikamentenpreise wetterte.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn12">[12]</a> Doch die Schlacht war bereits zuvor eröffnet worden. Die Pharmabranche ließ die Muskeln spielen. Denn bereits im Juni 2019 konnte man lesen, dass die medizinische Versorgung eingeschränkt werden müsse. Selbst in der Schweiz, einem der reichsten Länder der Welt, kam es zu Lieferengpässen. Es wurden 600 Medikamente knapp!<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn13">[13]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Im September 2019 dann eskalierte die Lage vollends. Pharmakonzerne stoppten die Entwicklung neuer Antibiotika,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn14">[14]</a> ohne die die Todesraten bei Infektionen sprunghaft in die Höhe schnellen würden. Man hätte das wohl für Erpressung halten können. Die Firmen hielten sich nicht einmal mehr an schon gegebene Zusagen.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn15">[15]</a> Der vorgeschobene Grund: chronische Krankheiten wie Krebs, Rheuma und Bluthochdruck lohnten sich für die Unternehmen mehr.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn16">[16]</a> Doch damit war endgültig klar: die Pharmaunternehmen wollten langfristige „Medikamenten-Abos“, also chronisch kranke Menschen. Gewissermaßen „Drogenabhängige“. Sie waren nicht daran interessiert, dass Menschen gesund wurden oder blieben. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Als Bekräftigung folgte am 29. Oktober 2019 eine weitere Meldung, dass Medikamentenlieferungen ausblieben.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn17">[17]</a> Man ließ Patienten einfach sterben! Ohne es zu ahnen, waren sie zu Geiseln eines epischen Machtkampfes geworden, wer im Gesundheitswesen in Zukunft das Sagen haben würde: Big Pharma oder die Politik. Im Juli 2020 gab es immerhin einen Etappensieg. Die führenden Pharmakonzerne versprachen, kollektiv in einen Milliardenfonds zur Entwicklung neuer Antibiotika zu investieren.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn18">[18]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Doch dann kam COVID-19, und es folgte die Retourkutsche. Die Welt stand wieder vor den gleichen Problemen. Es war für die Pharmaindustrie finanziell nicht interessant gewesen, aus den Erkenntnissen der Sars- und Mers-Epidemien zu lernen, um sich für ähnliche Fälle in Zukunft zu wappnen.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn19">[19]</a> Trotzdem standen Impfungen schneller als erwartet bereit. Doch die Pharmaindustrie rückte sie erst nach der US-Wahl am 3. November 2020 heraus.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn20">[20]</a> Obwohl die US-Regierung Milliarden in die „Operation Warp Speed“ investiert hatte, um neue Impfstoffe zu entwickeln.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn21">[21]</a> Statt reguläre Zulassungen erzwangen die Pharmariesen eine Notfallzulassung mit beschränkter Haftung.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn22">[22]</a> Und selbst als die Vakzine zugelassen waren, hielten Pharmaunternehmen ihre Lieferzusagen nicht ein.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn23">[23]</a> Am 29. Januar 2021 bezeichnete die „NZZ“ den Streit mit den Pharmafirmen schließlich als Bewährungsprobe für die EU.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn24">[24]</a> Es wundert also nicht, dass die „Frankfurter Allgemeine“ am 1. Februar 2021 eine Kriegswirtschaft ins Spiel brachte.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn25">[25]</a> Mit anderen Worten: die Produktion sollte staatlich gelenkt werden.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn26">[26]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Im Sommer neigte sich der Mammut-Prozess gegen [Big Phi] schließlich dem Ende zu.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn27">[27]</a> Dem Pharmaunternehmen drohte eine empfindliche Strafe.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn28">[28]</a> Damit aber nicht genug. Der „Buy American“-Erlass sorgte in der Pharmaindustrie für Panik.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn29">[29]</a> Donald Trump machte Druck auf die Pharmapreise.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn30">[30]</a> Wenn ich es richtig verstanden habe, sollten Preisaufschläge in den USA in Zukunft der Vergangenheit angehören. Maßgeblich sollte bald der weltweit niedrigste Preis für ein Medikament sein. Den letzten Sargnagel schlug China ein. Es drückte die Medikamentenpreise wie kein anderes Land. Die „NZZ“ wusste schließlich zu berichten:<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn31">[31]</a> „Pharmakonzerne ... lassen sich in der Hoffnung auf große Volumen zähneknirschend darauf ein.“ </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Der Machtkampf endete mit der Wahl von Joe Biden und mit einem Seitenhieb Donald Trumps gegen die Pharmaindustrie.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn32">[32]</a> In Wirklichkeit habe er die Wahl gewonnen, insistierte er. Das Wahlergebnis sei gefälscht worden. In der Tat legte eine Geheimdienstuntersuchung illegale ausländische Einflussnahme auf die Wahl nahe.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn33">[33]</a> Doch die Gerichte entschieden anders. Dennoch hatte die Pharmaindustrie weltweit Ohrfeigen kassiert. Die Gewinne brachen ein.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn34">[34]</a> Vorübergehend<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn35">[35]</a> – bis die Politik gezwungen wurde, absurde Mengen von Impfdosen zu bestellen.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn36">[36]</a> Es war kaum noch zu bestreiten: wir befanden uns in einem biologischen Krieg – und keiner wollte es zugeben... </span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref1">[1]</a> <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-29190890">https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-29190890</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref2">[2]</a> <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2020/03/16/trump-inauguration-warning-scenario-pandemic-132797">https://www.politico.com/news/2020/03/16/trump-inauguration-warning-scenario-pandemic-132797</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref3">[3]</a> <a href="https://www.srf.ch/news/schweiz/spanische-grippe-und-covid-19-die-auffaelligen-parallelen-zwischen-den-pandemien">https://www.srf.ch/news/schweiz/spanische-grippe-und-covid-19-die-auffaelligen-parallelen-zwischen-den-pandemien</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref4">[4]</a> damals noch mit Bezug auf den Influenza-Virus H9N2 </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref5">[5]</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stormy_Daniels%E2%80%93Donald_Trump_scandal">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stormy_Daniels–Donald_Trump_scandal</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref6">[6]</a> <a href="https://www.nzz.ch/international/michael-cohen-donald-trumps-anwalt-bekam-offenbar-geld-aus-russland-ld.1384409">https://www.nzz.ch/international/michael-cohen-donald-trumps-anwalt-bekam-offenbar-geld-aus-russland-ld.1384409</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref7">[7]</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref8">[8]</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref9">[9]</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stormy_Daniels%E2%80%93Donald_Trump_scandal">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stormy_Daniels–Donald_Trump_scandal</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref10">[10]</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref11">[11]</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref12">[12]</a> <a href="https://www.srf.ch/news/wirtschaft/big-pharma-unter-druck-trump-wettert-gegen-zu-hohe-medikamentenpreise">https://www.srf.ch/news/wirtschaft/big-pharma-unter-druck-trump-wettert-gegen-zu-hohe-medikamentenpreise</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref13">[13]</a> <a href="https://www.aargauerzeitung.ch/schweiz/bis-zu-600-medikamente-sind-in-der-schweiz-nicht-lieferbar-die-acht-wichtigsten-fragen-und-antworten-ld.1129152">https://www.aargauerzeitung.ch/schweiz/bis-zu-600-medikamente-sind-in-der-schweiz-nicht-lieferbar-die-acht-wichtigsten-fragen-und-antworten-ld.1129152</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref14">[14]</a> <a href="https://www.svz.de/deutschland-welt/wissenschaft/NDR-Bericht-Warum-die-Pharmaindustrie-keine-neuen-Antibiotika-entwickelt-id25557227.html">https://www.svz.de/deutschland-welt/wissenschaft/NDR-Bericht-Warum-die-Pharmaindustrie-keine-neuen-Antibiotika-entwickelt-id25557227.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref15">[15]</a> <a href="https://www.dw.com/de/pharmakonzerne-zeigen-kein-interesse-an-neuen-antibiotika/a-50402622">https://www.dw.com/de/pharmakonzerne-zeigen-kein-interesse-an-neuen-antibiotika/a-50402622</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref16">[16]</a> <a href="https://www.ndr.de/ratgeber/gesundheit/Antibiotika-Forschung-Warum-Unternehmen-aussteigen,antibiotika586.html">https://www.ndr.de/ratgeber/gesundheit/Antibiotika-Forschung-Warum-Unternehmen-aussteigen,antibiotika586.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref17">[17]</a> <a href="https://www.luzernerzeitung.ch/wirtschaft/ein-fataler-engpass-in-der-schweiz-fehlen-600-medikamente-ld.1163922">https://www.luzernerzeitung.ch/wirtschaft/ein-fataler-engpass-in-der-schweiz-fehlen-600-medikamente-ld.1163922</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref18">[18]</a> <a href="https://nzzas.nzz.ch/wirtschaft/pharmaindustrie-milliardenfonds-soll-neue-antibiotika-entwickeln-ld.1565885">https://nzzas.nzz.ch/wirtschaft/pharmaindustrie-milliardenfonds-soll-neue-antibiotika-entwickeln-ld.1565885</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref19">[19]</a> <a href="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/gesundheit/pharmaindustrie-eu-kommission-1.4915081">https://www.sueddeutsche.de/gesundheit/pharmaindustrie-eu-kommission-1.4915081</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref20">[20]</a> <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/video/2020/nov/20/trump-accuses-pfizer-of-delaying-vaccine-announcement-until-after-election-video">https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/video/2020/nov/20/trump-accuses-pfizer-of-delaying-vaccine-announcement-until-after-election-video</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref21">[21]</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Warp_Speed">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Warp_Speed</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref22">[22]</a> <a href="https://www.tagesschau.de/investigativ/ndr-wdr/corona-pandemie-eu-impfstoffe-101.html">https://www.tagesschau.de/investigativ/ndr-wdr/corona-pandemie-eu-impfstoffe-101.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref23">[23]</a> <a href="https://www.tagesschau.de/ausland/europa/astrazeneca-corona-101.html">https://www.tagesschau.de/ausland/europa/astrazeneca-corona-101.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref24">[24]</a> <a href="https://www.nzz.ch/international/der-streit-mit-pharmafirmen-als-bewaehrungsprobe-der-eu-ld.1599057">https://www.nzz.ch/international/der-streit-mit-pharmafirmen-als-bewaehrungsprobe-der-eu-ld.1599057</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref25">[25]</a> <a href="https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/inland/impfstoffstreit-brauchen-wir-eine-kriegswirtschaft-17176138.html">https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/inland/impfstoffstreit-brauchen-wir-eine-kriegswirtschaft-17176138.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref26">[26]</a> <a href="https://www.wienerzeitung.at/nachrichten/politik/welt/2093603-Staatlich-gelenkte-Not-Impfstoffwirtschaft.html">https://www.wienerzeitung.at/nachrichten/politik/welt/2093603-Staatlich-gelenkte-Not-Impfstoffwirtschaft.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref27">[27]</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref28">[28]</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref29">[29]</a> <a href="https://www.handelszeitung.ch/unternehmen/buy-american-erlass-sorgt-fur-panik-der-pharmaindustrie">https://www.handelszeitung.ch/unternehmen/buy-american-erlass-sorgt-fur-panik-der-pharmaindustrie</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref30">[30]</a> <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/usa-pharma-trump-idDEKBN24B0KB">https://www.reuters.com/article/usa-pharma-trump-idDEKBN24B0KB</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.medmedia.at/relatus-pharm/us-praesident-trump-macht-druck-auf-pharmapreise/">https://www.medmedia.at/relatus-pharm/us-praesident-trump-macht-druck-auf-pharmapreise/</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref31">[31]</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref32">[32]</a> <a href="https://www.welt.de/politik/ausland/article220689822/Donald-Trump-US-Praesident-startet-mit-bizarrem-Auftritt-ins-Wochenende.html">https://www.welt.de/politik/ausland/article220689822/Donald-Trump-US-Praesident-startet-mit-bizarrem-Auftritt-ins-Wochenende.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref33">[33]</a> <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-12-16/trump-spy-chief-stirs-dispute-over-china-election-meddling-views">https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-12-16/trump-spy-chief-stirs-dispute-over-china-election-meddling-views</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/intelligence-analysts-downplayed-election-interference-trump-inspector">https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/intelligence-analysts-downplayed-election-interference-trump-inspector</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref34">[34]</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref35">[35]</a> <a href="https://www.derbund.ch/pharmafirmen-brechen-alle-rekorde-und-duerften-preise-noch-erhoehen-669597394525">https://www.derbund.ch/pharmafirmen-brechen-alle-rekorde-und-duerften-preise-noch-erhoehen-669597394525</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref36">[36]</a> <a href="https://www.zdf.de/nachrichten/politik/corona-impfen-strategie-spahn-100.html">https://www.zdf.de/nachrichten/politik/corona-impfen-strategie-spahn-100.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.zdf.de/nachrichten/politik/corona-spahn-impfstoffe-2022-100.html">https://www.zdf.de/nachrichten/politik/corona-spahn-impfstoffe-2022-100.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.tagesschau.de/ausland/europa/corona-eu-herbst-101.html">https://www.tagesschau.de/ausland/europa/corona-eu-herbst-101.html</a> </span></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5335071719468565406.post-26481325338490758512021-09-25T09:33:00.003+01:002021-09-30T10:44:56.928+01:00 IS WORLD WAR III ALREADY HAPPENING? Teil 2 Drogendealer <p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">A "piecemeal" World War III may have already begun.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn1">[1]</a> </span></p><p style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"><b><i>Pope Francis, 2014</i></b> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"><span style="color: red;">For an approximate English translation use deepl.com or Google Chrome</span> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Read Teil 1 here: <a href="http://futurict.blogspot.com/2021/09/is-world-war-iii-already-happening.html">Von Wohltätern und Erpressern</a> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Teil 2: Drogendealer </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Bleiben wir doch noch eine Weile beim Thema „Gesundheit“. Griechenland gilt gemeinhin als Wiege der Demokratie. Umso trauriger ist es, dass das Land in eine so schwierige finanzielle Notlage geraten ist, und Europa gleich mit. Wie konnte es nur soweit kommen, fragt man sich? Oder um die Frage auszuweiten: Wie gehen Demokratien zugrunde, so dass am Ende wieder eine Art Feudalsystem entsteht, in dem der Gleichheitsgrundsatz unter den Menschen außer Kraft gesetzt wird? Und eine geschichtete Gesellschaft entsteht, in der jener am meisten gilt, der am meisten Menschen „unter sich“ hat? Eine Gesellschaft, die Macht und Ressourcen-Verschwendung legitimiert, wovon in der Regel besonders eine kleine Elite überproportional profitiert... </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Die Antwort ist einfach: Es braucht eine Krise, die von Ressourcenknappheit geprägt ist, so dass es nicht mehr für alle reicht. Dann nämlich muss priorisiert werden. Wenn das Kind in den Brunnen gefallen ist, heiligt der Zweck die Mittel, wird behauptet. Dann müssen harte Entscheidungen getroffen werden,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn2">[2]</a> und es scheint gerechtfertigt, das „kleinere Übel“ zu wählen. Schnell ist man da bei der „Triage“, wo man unterscheidet zwischen jenen, die das Glück haben, dass ihnen die meisten Ressourcen zu Teil werden, jenen, die Pech haben, weil man sie im Grunde aufgibt, und dem Rest, der sich vielleicht irgendwie mit den Ressourcen durchwursteln kann, die übrig bleiben. Das „Citizen Score“ System funktioniert im Grunde ähnlich: da hängen die Rechte und der Ressourcen-Zugang vom persönlichen Punktestand ab. </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Wie also kommt es zu der Krise, dem Ressourcen-Notstand, der vom Gleichheitsgrundsatz demokratischer Gesellschaften zu hierarchisch organisierten Gesellschaften führt, wo nicht mehr alle die gleichen Rechte haben? Durch Zufall bin ich über folgende Geschichte gestolpert, die im Zusammenhang mit „Big Pharma“ steht – einem Thema also, das seit der COVID-19 Pandemie die ganze Welt in Atem hält. Einer Branche, die das Zeug hat, das Leben der Menschen „vom Sperma bis zum Grab“ zu kontrollieren.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn3">[3]</a> Kurzum, es geht um den medizinisch-industriellen Komplex und ihren Aufstieg zur „Biokratie“. Manche nennen sie auch den Gesundheitsstaat.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn4">[4]</a> Den umstrittenen Begriff „Hygienestaat“ vermeide ich hier bewusst. Da es auf Firmennamen hier nicht ankommt, sprechen wir im Folgenden einfach von „Big Phi“, wobei der griechische Buchstabe „Phi“ für „Pharma“ steht. </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Die Geschichte, die ich hier berichte, wurde offenbar im Jahre 2018 öffentlich, im Zuge von Ermittlungen des FBI. Unwillkürlich fragt man sich, was die US-Ermittlungsbehörde mit Geschehnissen in Griechenland zu tun hat. Aber vielleicht war es eine Folge dessen, dass „Big Phi“ versucht hatte, einen Anwalt von Donald Trump zu bestechen, um an politische Interna zu gelangen.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn5">[5]</a> Diese Bestechung versuchte man pikanterweise gegen den US-Präsidenten zu instrumentalisieren, was durchaus als frecher politischer Destabilisierungsversuch der Vereinigten Staaten gewertet werden kann. An der Affäre beteiligt war überdies ein russischer Oligarch. Aber zurück nach Griechenland. </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Im Februar 2018 liest man in den Zeitungen vom „größten Skandal in der Geschichte des griechischen Staates“.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn6">[6]</a> „Big Phi“ habe durch üppige Schmiergeldzahlungen die Medikamentenpreise nach oben getrieben. Mit einem Betrag von etwa 50 Millionen Dollar seien tausende Ärzte sowie zahlreiche Beamte und Spitzenpolitiker bestochen worden. </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Im „Blick“ vom 12.9.2018 erfährt man Näheres:<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn7">[7]</a> „Eine Masche bestand darin, die Ärzte an gefälschten Studien – vordergründig als Wirkungsstudien für Medikamente getarnt – teilnehmen zu lassen. Dafür sahnten sie pro Studie zwischen 3000 und 4000 Euro ab. Die Schmiergelder sollten jeweils die Absetzung einer bestimmten Menge an [Big Phi]-Medikamenten garantieren.“ Im Ergebnis wurden dem griechischen Gesundheitssystem schließlich 1.6 Grippeimpfungen pro Grieche belastet.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn8">[8]</a> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Aber das war nicht alles, wie man im „Spiegel“ vom 20.2.3018 erfährt:<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn9">[9]</a> „Die Zahlungen kamen in verschiedener Form, von Bargeld in Umschlägen bis zu bezahlten Urlauben oder anderen Geschenken. </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Jahrelang wuchsen die Ausgaben für die Pharmabranche in Griechenland unkontrolliert, von 1,4 Prozent des Bruttoinlandsprodukts (BIP) im Jahr 2000 bis auf 2,1 Prozent im Jahr 2010 – doppelt so hoch wie im europäischen Mittel. Es war jenes Jahr, in dem Griechenland offiziell Finanzhilfen beim Internationalen Währungsfonds und der Europäischen Union beantragte. </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Diese horrenden Ausgaben zu senken, war eine der Schlüsselvereinbarungen des Rettungspakets. 2015 waren die Kosten für Pharma-Produkte wieder auf ein Prozent des BIP gefallen und nahe dem europäischen Standard. Hätte Griechenland sich von den Jahren 2010 bis 2015 an dieses Verhältnis von Ausgaben zu BIP gehalten, hätte das Land geschätzte 19,7 Milliarden Euro einsparen können.“ </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Die „ZEIT“ vom 12.2.2018 schreibt gar: „Dies soll den griechischen Staat in den vergangenen 15 Jahren laut Regierungsangaben bis zu 23 Milliarden Euro gekostet haben.“<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn10">[10]</a> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Da Griechenland als Referenzmarkt galt,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn11">[11]</a> hatten die Preisentwicklungen in Griechenland auch Auswirkungen auf andere europäische Länder. Man könnte durchaus sagen, „Big Phi“ hat Griechenland das finanzielle Rückgrat gebrochen und damit zu einer beispiellosen Krise in Europa geführt, angesichts derer Martin Schulz, damals Präsident des EU-Parlaments, in sein Tagebuch schrieb: "Wir haben kurz in den Abgrund geschaut. Dabei haben wir gesehen, welche zerstörerische Kraft das Misstrauen besitzt.“<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn12">[12]</a> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Am 23.2.2018 liest man bei „N-TV“ unter der Überschrift „Versickerte EU-Geld für Athen bei [Big Phi]?“:<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn13">[13]</a> „Während das griechische Gesundheitssystem am Tropf der EU-Länder hing, soll [Big Phi] Politiker in Athen geschmiert haben, um Wucherpreise für seine Pillen durchzusetzen.“ Und weiter: „Die Elite der griechischen Politik steht am Pranger: zehn Top-Politiker der Konservativen und Sozialisten, die über Jahrzehnte die Regierung stellten, darunter der frühere Premierminister und jetzige Oppositionschef Antonis Samaras, der ehemalige Übergangs-Regierungschef Panagiotis Pikramenos, der heutige Zentralbankchef Yannis Stournaras und der griechische EU-Migrationskommissar und Ex-Gesundheitsminister Dimitris Avramopoulos.“ </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Nun hatten Sie vielleicht mit einer Entschuldigung der betroffenen Politiker gerechnet. Stattdessen lesen wir verblüfft: „Die Politiker in Athen streiten alles als "Hexenjagd" ab. "Die rücksichtsloseste und lächerlichste Verschwörung aller Zeiten" nennt sie Samaras. Die linksgerichtete Syriza-Regierung habe "falsche Zeugen aufgerufen, um ihre Rivalen zu beschmutzen", sagte Samaras im Parlament. Er verklagte Premierminister Alexis Tsipras sogar. "Schändliche Verleumdung" nannte Notenbankchef Stournaras die Vorwürfe. Sie seien das Produkt "kranker Köpfe" und politisch motiviert, wies Avramopoulos die Anschuldigungen zurück. </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Völlig abwegig sind sie jedoch keinesfalls. Schon 2010 tauchten die Namen mehrerer Ex-Minister auf einer geheimen Steuersünder-Liste auf, die die damalige französische Finanzministerin Christine Lagarde in Athen übergeben hatte. Auch enge Verwandte des damaligen sozialistischen Finanzministers Georgios Papakonstantinou standen darauf. Die Lagarde-Liste verschwand zwei Jahre lang in einer Schublade. Und als sie wieder auftauchte, <a href="https://www.n-tv.de/wirtschaft/Wie-die-Superreichen-Griechenland-pluendern-article14633001.html">waren die Namen von Papakonstantinous Verwandten von der Liste verschwunden</a>. Der Ex-Finanzminister bekam dafür <a href="https://www.n-tv.de/politik/Ex-Finanzminister-muss-zittern-article9968396.html">ein Jahr Gefängnis auf Bewährung</a>.” Inzwischen leitet Christine Lagarde, wie Sie wissen, dank Emmanuel Macron und Angela Merkel die Europäische Zentralbank („EZB“).<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn14">[14]</a> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">In der Tageswoche vom 10. Februar 2018 liest man weiter:<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn15">[15]</a> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"></p><blockquote><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">„Zeugen haben angeblich Ex-Premier Samaras beschuldigt, einen Koffer voller 500-Euro Scheine für Leistungen an [Big Phi] in Hellas entgegengenommen zu haben. Medienberichten zufolge soll die Akte [Big Phi] auch Aussagen über Geldlieferungen im Kofferraum von [Big Phi]-Dienstwagen an griechische Regierungsstellen beinhalten. Journalisten sollen als Mittelsmänner zwischen griechischen Politikern und dem Konzern gedient haben. </span></blockquote><p></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><blockquote><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Zu den brisantesten bekannt gewordenen Vorwürfen zählen jene gegen den derzeitigen EU-Kommissar Dimitri Avramopoulos. Er soll 2006 als Gesundheitsminister unter dem Tisch Geld für HIV-Bluttests erhalten haben. 2009 soll Avramopoulos auch den Ankauf von 16 Millionen [Big Phi]-Grippeimpfungen für Griechenland betrieben haben; das Land hat 10 Millionen Einwohner. </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Avramopoulos weist die Anschuldigungen als haltlos zurück. Auch Notenbankchef Stournaras zeigt sich überzeugt: «Diese wackligen Vorwürfe haben kein Standbein.» Der ehemalige [Big Phi] Hellas Vizepräsident Frouzis tat die Anschuldigungen als «grosse Farce» ab. Samaras drohte seinem Amtsnachfolger Tsipras gleich mit einer Verleumdungsklage. Und der Chef der konservativen Nea Demokratia, Kyriakos Mitsotakis, sieht hinter den Vorwürfen grundsätzlich den Versuch, die gesamte Partei zu verunglimpfen. Der ehemalige Pasok-Finanzminister Evangelos Venizelos, der zu den Hauptverdächtigen zählt, sieht sich ebenfalls als unschuldig.“ </span></p></blockquote><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Wie der Skandal ausging? Die Politiker blieben straffrei, während die Kronzeugen, deren Identität unrechtmäßig enthüllt wurde, selber auf der Flucht sind. Eine ausführliche Darstellung finden Sie bei „heise.de“ vom 21. 2. 2020.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn16">[16]</a> Immerhin musste „Big Phi“ eine Geldstrafe von 346 Millionen Euro bezahlen.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn17">[17]</a> Doch angesichts der zusätzlich verdienten Milliarden nimmt sich der Betrag eher wie eine Kleinigkeit aus, man möchte fast sagen: wie ein Geschenk. Für „Big Phi“ zahlte sich die Korruption jedenfalls aus, während halb Europa in Scherben lag. </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Indessen ist das nicht nur das Werk von „Big Phi“. Vielmehr rang China „Big Pharma“ enorme Rabatte ab.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn18">[18]</a> Obwohl der Deal für die Firmen vergleichsweise unprofitabel war, ließen sie sich darauf ein, weil sie auf den riesigen chinesischen Markt spekulierten.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn19">[19]</a> Seitdem wird immer wieder über Medikamentenknappheit in Europa und der Schweiz berichtet. Die Rechnung für das chinesische Schnäppchen bezahlten die westlichen Demokratien, wo die Medikamente zum großen Teil erfunden worden waren und vielfach höhere Preise gezahlt wurden. </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Mit anderen Worten: den Preis bezahlen Sie, ja Sie! Übrigens nicht nur für überteuerte Medikamente. Denn während für das Finanzschlammassel in Europa oftmals die Griechen verantwortlich gemacht werden, stellte sich bereits 2013 heraus: Von 207 Milliarden Euro Krediten, die an Athen überwiesen wurden, gingen fast 160 Milliarden (also 77 Prozent!) an Banken und reiche Kapitalanleger.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn20">[20]</a> Wenn Sie also glauben, mit Ihren Steuern Griechenland gerettet zu haben, dann täuschen Sie sich gewaltig! Sie haben dank der Rettungspakete der Politiker, denen Sie vertrauten, vor allem Banken, Reichen und Pharmaunternehmen die Taschen gefüllt sowie China eine Menge Geld erspart. Gewissermaßen bezahlen wir das Gesundheitssystem in China zu einem Teil mit. Der Nebeneffekt: Viele Demokratien liegen in Scherben. Und man spürt wenig Trauer seitens der Reichen, Banken, Pharmaunternehmen und China. Man könnte fast meinen, es sei ihnen eigentlich ganz recht... </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Nun verstehen Sie vielleicht, warum Eberhard von Koerber (der die Koerber-Stiftung leitete) am 23. Juni 2017 im privaten Kreis politischen Handlungsbedarf gegenüber „Big Pharma“ anmahnte. An dem Tag war er putzmunter und hoch-fidel. Umso schockierter war die Welt Anfang August, als sie erfuhr, dass er kurze Zeit später überraschend und plötzlich an Herzversagen verstorben war... </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref1">[1]</a> <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-29190890">https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-29190890</a> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref2">[2]</a> <a href="https://www.amazon.com/Good-People-Make-Tough-Choices/dp/0061743992/">https://www.amazon.com/Good-People-Make-Tough-Choices/dp/0061743992/</a>; auf dieses Buch bin ich übrigens nur dank der Troll Posts gestoßen... </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref3">[3]</a> <a href="https://www.nzz.ch/feuilleton/zukunft-des-menschen-ersetzen-wir-gott-oder-die-maschinen-uns-ld.1561928">https://www.nzz.ch/feuilleton/zukunft-des-menschen-ersetzen-wir-gott-oder-die-maschinen-uns-ld.1561928</a> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref4">[4]</a> <a href="https://www.cognizant.com/futureofwork/whitepaper/after-the-virus">https://www.cognizant.com/futureofwork/whitepaper/after-the-virus</a> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref5">[5]</a> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref6">[6]</a> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref7">[7]</a> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref8">[8]</a> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref9">[9]</a> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref10">[10]</a> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref11">[11]</a> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref12">[12]</a> <a href="https://www.stern.de/sonst/vorabmeldungen/martin-schulz-zur-griechenlandkrise--wir-haben-in-den-abgrund-geschaut-6345934.html">https://www.stern.de/sonst/vorabmeldungen/martin-schulz-zur-griechenlandkrise--wir-haben-in-den-abgrund-geschaut-6345934.html</a> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.stern.de/politik/ausland/martin-schulz-zur-griechenlandkrise--wir-haben-in-den-abgrund-geschaut-6345614.html">https://www.stern.de/politik/ausland/martin-schulz-zur-griechenlandkrise--wir-haben-in-den-abgrund-geschaut-6345614.html</a> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref13">[13]</a> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref14">[14]</a> <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-eu-summit-france-germany-idUKKCN1TX1FP">https://www.reuters.com/article/us-eu-summit-france-germany-idUKKCN1TX1FP</a> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref15">[15]</a> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref16">[16]</a> <a href="https://www.heise.de/tp/features/Politiker-bleiben-straffrei-Kronzeugen-auf-der-Flucht-4665721.html">https://www.heise.de/tp/features/Politiker-bleiben-straffrei-Kronzeugen-auf-der-Flucht-4665721.html</a> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref17">[17]</a> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref18">[18]</a> <a href="https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/wirtschaft/chinas-macht-ueber-die-medikamentenpreise/story/27043292">https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/wirtschaft/chinas-macht-ueber-die-medikamentenpreise/story/27043292</a> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref19">[19]</a> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref20">[20]</a> <a href="https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wirtschaft/konjunktur/griechenland/europas-schuldenkrise-griechenland-hilfe-vor-allem-an-banken-und-reiche-12224468.html">https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wirtschaft/konjunktur/griechenland/europas-schuldenkrise-griechenland-hilfe-vor-allem-an-banken-und-reiche-12224468.html</a></span></p><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5335071719468565406.post-20221810757562204972021-09-23T12:33:00.002+01:002021-09-23T16:12:17.264+01:00IS WORLD WAR III ALREADY HAPPENING? Teil 1 Von Wohltätern und Erpressern <span style="font-family: verdana;"> <br /></span><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">A "piecemeal" World War III may have already begun.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[1]</a> </span></span></p><p style="text-align: right;"><i><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Pope Francis, 2014 </span></span></b></i></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span style="color: red;">For an approximate English translation use deepl.com or Google Chrome</span> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Teil 1: Von Wohltätern und Erpressern </span></span></h1><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Im Folgenden möchte ich Ihnen die Geschichte eines bekannten Milliardärs erzählen. Wie viele seiner Art betätigte er sich gern als „Philanthrop“. Übersetzt: als „Menschenfreund“ oder „Wohltäter“, wie man so schön sagt. Also werden wir den edlen Spender vorläufig „Mr. Good“ nennen. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Auf der Webseite seiner Stiftung liest man unter anderem:<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[2]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"></span></p><blockquote><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">„[Mr. Good] is a former member of the Mind, Brain and Behavior Committee at Harvard, the Trilateral Commission, the Council on Foreign Relations, the New York Academy of Science and a former Rockefeller University Board Member.” </span></span></blockquote><p></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Daneben findet man, dass er auch zahlreiche Forschungsprojekte gefördert hat, von denen man sagen kann, dass sie die Forschungslandschaft in der Welt maßgeblich geprägt haben. Liest sich alles sehr beeindruckend. Wir schließen also: der edle Spender war ein guter, kluger, seriöser, und freigiebiger Mann. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Die „Trilateral Commission“<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[3]</a> und das „Council of Foreign Relations”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[4]</a> sind zwei der einflussreichsten politischen Think Tanks. Sie haben die Globalisierung maßgeblich vorangetrieben. Zu den Mitgliedern der Trilateral Commission gehörten zum Beispiel David Rockefeller, Henry Kissinger, Paul Volcker, Mario Monti, Jean-Claude Trichet, Sigmar Gabriel, Joe Kaeser, Heinz Riesenhuber, Axel Weber, also einflussreiche Persönlichkeiten aus Politik und Wirtschaft. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Das „Council of Foreign Relations“ ist nicht weniger prominent besetzt, wie ein Blick auf die entsprechende Wikipedia Seite zeigt.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[5]</a> Unter den Gründungsmitgliedern befanden sich u.a. (wieder) der Ölmagnat David Rockefeller, der Bankier Paul Warburg, und Allen Dulles, erster ziviler Director of Central Intelligence und Leiter der CIA während des Kalten Kriegs.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[6]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Doch dann geschah das Ungeheuerliche: über Mr. Good wurden schlimme Dinge verbreitet. Schlimmere, als man sich je hätte vorstellen können. Denn „Mr. Good“ war Jeffrey Epstein. Sogar bei Netflix gibt es eine mehrteilige Dokumentation über ihn. Sie haben vielleicht gehört oder gelesen, dass er verhaftet wurde und sich am Ende in seiner Gefängniszelle umbrachte – wenngleich das von manchen bezweifelt wird.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[7]</a> Was auch immer passierte: Es gab eine Reihe prominenter Opfer. Das bekannteste war wohl Prince Andrew, der zweite Sohn von Queen Elisabeth II., der – zumindest vorübergehend – von seinen öffentlichen Ämtern und Ehrenämtern zurücktreten musste.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[8]</a> Er musste sogar sein Office im Buckingham Palast räumen.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[9]</a> Derzeit ist er wieder in den Schlagzeilen: aber nicht als Opfer, sondern als Täter.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[10]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Prince Andrew wurde beschuldigt, Sex mit einer minderjährigen „Sexsklavin“ gehabt zu haben.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[11]</a> Das war schlimm. Aber noch schlimmer vielleicht waren seine Kontakte zu Jeffrey Epstein.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[12]</a> Es hieß, Prince Andrew sei auf seiner Insel zu Besuch gewesen. Einer Insel, die als „Epstein Island“ bekannt wurde – oder auch als „Pedo Island“. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUyEzZgssdI6asbPf8nTP-S9DaqKVaD0vHMtcn-YctEH3exqhw3xs0RDuGrEYDKQbPl10b6bWANg69BYSjjD3JwW0qJYYXoIJRQTRIh2tqLXRkiP3SPgNljGWndN7OZTjmZcOO_RpuR10/s1379/Ep+1.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="918" data-original-width="1379" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUyEzZgssdI6asbPf8nTP-S9DaqKVaD0vHMtcn-YctEH3exqhw3xs0RDuGrEYDKQbPl10b6bWANg69BYSjjD3JwW0qJYYXoIJRQTRIh2tqLXRkiP3SPgNljGWndN7OZTjmZcOO_RpuR10/w640-h426/Ep+1.png" width="640" /></a></span></div><p></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Die Flüge dorthin wurden zuweilen als „Lolita Express“ bezeichnet.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[13]</a> Hunderte von Politikern und VIPs waren in den Logbüchern von Epstein verzeichnet, der minutiös über seine Besucher Buch geführt hatte. Kein Wunder, dass Epstein enge Kontakte zu FBI und CIA nachgesagt wurden. Manche hielten ihn auch für einen Mossad-Agenten.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[14]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Kontrollierten also letztlich Geheimdienste die Welt, durch ein perfides System von Spionage, Sexfallen und Erpressung? Das fragte sich da so mancher. War die Welt in die Hand mafiöser Kreise gefallen, die sich bestehender Eliten und Institutionen geschickt bedienten? </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Auf „Epstein Island“ jedenfalls stand ein eindrucksvoller Bau, der an eine Moschee erinnerte. In ihr sollen sich ungeheuerliche Dinge zugetragen haben. Die Unterstellungen reichten von Sex mit Minderjährigen, über Vergewaltigung und Folter bis zum Satanismus und Ritualmord. Ich behaupte nicht, dass diese Anschuldigungen wahr sind – wir wollen sie daher als Gerüchte zurückweisen, bis sie bewiesen oder widerlegt sind. Was wirklich stimmt, wird die Öffentlichkeit vielleicht nie erfahren. Doch einige der gegen Epstein erhobenen Vorwürfe sind offiziell bestätigt.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[15]</a> Beispielsweise war Jeffrey Epstein als Sexualstraftäter verurteilt, soviel war klar.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[16]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Das hinderte viele nicht daran, Spenden von Epstein entgegen zu nehmen oder mit ihm Business zu treiben. Denn er war Mitglied der High Society, wie man so schön sagt. Er kannte jeden, der Rang und Namen hatte. Eine wohl abstruse und ziemlich fehlgeleitete Persönlichkeit – und eine einflussreiche noch dazu. Er hatte es anscheinend geschafft, die gesamte Elite zu infiltrieren. Die Geschehnisse auf der infamen Insel, auf die er viele VIPs eingeladen hatte, wurden offenbar gefilmt.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[17]</a> Und die Vorgänge waren so ungeheuerlich, dass auch jene, die mit ihm anderweitig Kontakt gehabt hatten, erpressbar wurden. Es war ein lukratives Geschäft, das Epstein anscheinend zum Milliardär machte. Aber das war nicht das Schlimmste. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Epstein schaffte es, die Zentren politischer und unternehmerischer, medialer und juristischer Macht zu unterwandern, genauso wie die Leuchttürme der Wissenschaft. Viele hatten keine Ahnung, was da lief. Und keiner, der Bescheid wusste, konnte etwas dagegen tun. Denn es stand die Existenz von jedem auf dem Spiel, der nicht nach der Pfeife des „Systems Epstein“ tanzte. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Trotz allem nahm das Schicksal seinen Lauf. Neben Prince Andrew traf es auch Bill Gates,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[18]</a> den Microsoft-Chef, und Joi Ito,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[19]</a> den Direktor des weltberühmten „MediaLabs“ am „Massachusetts Institute of Technology“,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[20]</a> kurz „MIT“.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[21]</a> Dem „MIT“ war es zum Verhängnis geworden, dass das berühmte „MediaLab“ von Epstein Spenden angenommen hatte, nachdem er schon als Sexualstraftäter verurteilt worden war. Doch das „MediaLab“ ist auch die Forschungsinstitution, welche die Digitalisierung prägte – und jede Menge weitere Technologien. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Etwa hatte man am „MIT“, wenn ich es richtig in Erinnerung habe, die carbon-verstärkten Laufhilfen des Oscar Pistorius erfunden, der damit diverse Weltmeisterschaften gewann.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[22]</a> Für einige Zeit war die Prothese sogar am „MediaLab“ ausgestellt. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Pistorius war Repräsentant einer neuen Welt, in der ein Behinderter zum Supermann werden konnte. Wo technisch aufgerüstete „Cyborgs“ normalen Menschen überlegen waren. Er läutete quasi das Zeitalter des „Transhumanismus“ ein – und war der Liebling von Millionen Fernsehzuschauern. Doch dann kam der Schock. Oscar Pistorius ermordete seine Freundin – und das auch noch am Valentinstag! Sie starb 2013 im Kugelhagel seiner Waffe. Die Welt war fassungslos... </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Nun also ein weiteres Debakel! Der Rücktritt des Medialab-Chefs warf generelle Fragen auf. Hatte das Geld eines perversen Milliardärs – eines Verrückten quasi – die ganze Welt in die Irre geführt? War so etwas möglich? Das „MIT MediaLab“ bestimmte jedenfalls erheblich, wo es in der digitalen Welt lang ging. Dies war kaum bezweifelbar. Es wurde auch mitverantwortlich dafür gemacht, dass die gesetzliche Regulierung von Künstlicher Intelligenz ausgeblieben war.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[23]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Was also war Epstein’s Ideologie? Eine wichtige Frage. Denn Epstein glaubte an Eugenik,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[24]</a> also daran, dass man auf den Menschen Zuchtwahl und soziale Selektion anwenden solle. Ein Umstand übrigens, den er mit andere Philanthropen teilte.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[25]</a> Dies ist vielleicht auch im Zusammenhang mit algorithmen-basierten Triage-Tools relevant.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[26]</a> Epstein wollte jedenfalls nichts weniger als eine neue Menschheit.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[27]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Man könnte sagen, der Transhumanismus<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[28]</a> war seine Religion.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[29]</a> Menschen würden einst durch Cyborgs und diese durch superintelligente Roboter ersetzt werden.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[30]</a> Die Konsequenz wäre, dass man irgendwann Menschen nicht mehr von intelligenten Maschinen unterscheiden könnte.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[31]</a> Ja, die Gattung „Mensch“, wie wir sie heute kennen, würde letztlich ausgerottet.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[32]</a> Es wundert also nicht, dass er auch still und leise „Sophia“,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[33]</a> den „emotionalen“ humanoiden Roboter finanzierte, dem Saudi-Arabien sogar das Bürgerrecht verliehen hatte.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[34]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Mit der Obama Brain Initiative und dem Human Brain Projekt kam bereits 2013 eine transhumanistische Politik auf den Weg.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[35]</a> Was bedeutete das für die Zukunft der Menschheit? Leute wie Elon Musk glaubten, dass Künstliche Intelligenz, falsch genutzt, einst die größte Bedrohung der Menschheit werden könne.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[36]</a> Auch Microsoft-Gründer Bill Gates und das Physik-Genie Stephen Hawking äußerten sich besorgt.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[37]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Fragen wir doch am besten die Künstliche Intelligenz, die die Welt retten möchte, selber. Auf die Frage: „Do you want to destroy humans?“ antwortete „Sophia“, die Künstliche Intelligenz, die Jeffrey Epstein gefördert hatte: </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"></span></p><blockquote><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">„Ok, I will destroy humans.“<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[38]</a> </span></span></blockquote><p></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Muss man das ernst nehmen? Wenn der Geldgeber an Eugenik glaubt, vielleicht schon. Was passiert wohl, wenn man einer Künstlichen Intelligenz in einer überbevölkerten Welt den Auftrag gibt, eine nachhaltige Welt zu schaffen? Droht da nicht sowas wie ein „digitaler Holocaust“? Ein „Judgment Day“ Szenario, wo Menschen exekutiert würden – durch ein algorithmen-basiertes System wie „Skynet“<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[39]</a>? </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Apple-Mitbegründer Steve Wozniak scheint sich noch nicht sicher zu sein, wie es ausgehen wird. Seine Erwartungen für die Zukunft sind so:<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[40]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"></span></p><blockquote><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">„Will we be the gods? Will we be the family pets? Or will we be ants that get stepped on? I don't know...” </span></span></blockquote><p></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Vielleicht geht es ja für die einen so aus und für die anderen so? Wenn man „Sophia“ oder Jürgen Schmidhuber<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[41]</a> glaubt, dem KI-Pionier mit der irritierenden Telefonnummer,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[42]</a> dann werden wir Menschen einmal wie Katzen sein.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[43]</a> Nach der Singularität nämlich, wenn Künstliche Intelligenz dem Menschen endgültig überlegen ist. Wann das soweit ist? Manche sagen „in 2 bis 3 Jahrzehnten“. Andere „in fünf Jahren“. Und wieder andere „nie“. Doch bedenkt man, dass das US-Militär technologisch der Business-Welt um Jahrzehnte voraus ist, dann gibt es Superintelligenz womöglich schon jetzt. Und sie steuert vielleicht bereits die Welt...<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[44]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Inzwischen befinden wir uns schon viele Monate im Covid-19 Lockdown. Das World Economic Forum spricht vom „Great Reset“.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[45]</a> Es wird gemutmaßt, dass die geplante Neuorganisation der Welt etwas mit dem „Internet of Bodies“ zu tun haben wird.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[46]</a> Jeder von uns bekäme eine Art Internet-Adresse, eine digitale ID, die in den Körper eingebaut wäre.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[47]</a> Gerne wird in diesem Zusammenhang auch ein verstörendes Microsoft-Patent ins Spiel gebracht.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[48]</a> Aber es ginge einfacher. Beispielsweise wäre die Idee wohl auch mit einem personalisierten Cocktail von mikroskopisch kleinen Teilchen, sogenannten Nanopartikeln, umsetzbar.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[49]</a> Damit wäre es dann möglich, Menschen wie Dinge zu verwalten – und mit der Menschenwürde<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[50]</a> wäre es vorbei. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Sicherheitsfragen wären also noch das geringste Problem...<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[51]</a> Es begänne die Maschinisierung des Menschen.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[52]</a> Medizinische Anwendungen stünden im Mittelpunkt. Dabei kämen winzigste Roboter, sogenannte „Nanobots“ in unserem Körper zum Einsatz.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[53]</a> Damit wären wir bis in die intimsten Bereiche unseres Lebens überwacht und den Entscheidungen anderer unterworfen – oder jenen einer Künstlicher Intelligenz... </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">In diesem Zusammenhang ist vielleicht eine Geschichte unter dem Titel „Bill Gates Met With Jeffrey Epstein Many Times, Despite His Past“ interessant, die man immerhin in der „New York Times“ nachlesen kann.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[54]</a> Unter der Zwischenunterschrift „A Vast Cheritable Fund“ erfährt man, dass Jeffrey Epstein offenbar Billionen von Dollar bewegte, die entscheidend für globale Gesundheitsinvestitionen waren: </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><blockquote><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">„Around that time, the Gates Foundation and JPMorgan were teaming up to create the Global Health Investment Fund. Its goal was to provide “individual and institutional investors the opportunity to finance late-stage global health technologies that have the potential to save millions of lives in low-income countries.” </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">As the details of the fund were being hammered out, Mr. Staley told his JPMorgan colleagues that Mr. Epstein wanted to be brought into the discussions, according to two people familiar with the talks. Mr. Epstein was an important JPMorgan customer, holding millions of dollars in accounts at the bank and referring a procession of wealthy individuals to become clients of the company. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Mr. Epstein pitched an idea for a separate charitable fund to JPMorgan officials, including Mr. Staley, and to Mr. Gates’s adviser Mr. Nikolic. He envisioned a vast fund, seeded with the Gates Foundation’s money, that would focus on health projects around the world, according to five people involved in or briefed on the talks, including current and former Gates Foundation and JPMorgan employees. In addition to the Gates money, Mr. Epstein planned to round up donations from his wealthy friends and, hopefully, from JPMorgan’s richest clients. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Mr. Epstein thought he could personally benefit. He circulated a four-page proposal that included a suggestion that he be paid 0.3 percent of whatever money he raised, according to one person who saw the proposal. If Mr. Epstein had raised $10 billion, for example, that would have amounted to $30 million in fees. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Ms. Arnold said Mr. Gates and the foundation had been unaware that Mr. Epstein had been seeking any fee. She said Mr. Epstein “did propose to Bill Gates and then foundation officials ideas that he promised would unleash hundreds of billions for global health-related work.” </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">In late 2011, at Mr. Gates’s instruction, the foundation sent a team to Mr. Epstein’s townhouse to have a preliminary talk about philanthropic fund-raising, according to three people who were there. Mr. Epstein told his guests that if they searched his name on the internet they might conclude he was a bad person but that what he had done — soliciting prostitution from an underage girl — was no worse than “stealing a bagel,” two of the people said. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Some of the Gates Foundation employees said they had been unaware of Mr. Epstein’s criminal record and had been shocked to learn that the foundation was working with a sex offender. They worried that it could seriously damage the foundation’s reputation. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">In early 2012, another Gates Foundation team met Mr. Epstein at his mansion. He claimed that he had access to trillions of dollars of his clients’ money that he could put in the proposed charitable fund — a figure so preposterous that it left his visitors doubting Mr. Epstein’s credibility.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[55]</a>”</span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p></blockquote><p></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Fassen wir zusammen: Wenn mächtige, fehlgeleitete Persönlichkeiten wie Jeffrey Epstein, überdies noch Eugeniker, <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[56]</a> Billionen von Dollar in der Pharma- und Gesundheitsbranche steuern können, dann braucht man sich wahrlich nicht zu wundern, wenn die Welt aus den Fugen gerät... Da braucht man sich gar nicht auf die kontroversen Diskussionen um die Finanzierung der World Health Organization (WHO) einzulassen,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[57]</a> die fraglos massiven Einfluss auf die Gestaltung unseres Lebens und die politische Organisation der Welt in der COVID19-Krise und danach haben kann... </span></span></p><blockquote><p></p></blockquote><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Notfallzulassung mit beschränkter Haftung.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[58]</a> Und selbst als die Vakzine zugelassen waren, hielten Pharmaunternehmen ihre Lieferzusagen nicht ein.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[59]</a> Am 29. Januar 2021 bezeichnete die „NZZ“ den Streit mit den Pharmafirmen schließlich als Bewährungsprobe für die EU.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[60]</a> Es wundert also nicht, dass die „Frankfurter Allgemeine“ am 1. Februar 2021 eine Kriegswirtschaft ins Spiel brachte.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[61]</a> Mit anderen Worten: die Produktion sollte staatlich gelenkt werden.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[62]</a> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Im Sommer neigte sich der Mammut-Prozess gegen [Big Phi] schließlich dem Ende zu.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[63]</a> Dem Pharmaunternehmen drohte eine empfindliche Strafe.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[64]</a> Damit aber nicht genug. Der „Buy American“-Erlass sorgte in der Pharmaindustrie für Panik.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[65]</a> Donald Trump machte Druck auf die Pharmapreise.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[66]</a> Wenn ich es richtig verstanden habe, sollten Preisaufschläge in den USA in Zukunft der Vergangenheit angehören. Maßgeblich sollte bald der weltweit niedrigste Preis für ein Medikament sein. Den letzten Sargnagel schlug China ein. Es drückte die Medikamentenpreise wie kein anderes Land. Die „NZZ“ wusste schließlich zu berichten:<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[67]</a> „Pharmakonzerne ... lassen sich in der Hoffnung auf große Volumen zähneknirschend darauf ein.“ </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Der Machtkampf endete mit der Wahl von Joe Biden und mit einem Seitenhieb Donald Trumps gegen die Pharmaindustrie.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[68]</a> In Wirklichkeit habe er die Wahl gewonnen, insistierte er. Das Wahlergebnis sei gefälscht worden. In der Tat legte eine Geheimdienstuntersuchung illegale ausländische Einflussnahme auf die Wahl nahe.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[69]</a> Doch die Gerichte entschieden anders. Dennoch hatte die Pharmaindustrie weltweit Ohrfeigen kassiert. Die Gewinne brachen ein.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[70]</a> Vorübergehend<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[71]</a> – bis die Politik gezwungen wurde, absurde Mengen von Impfdosen zu bestellen.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[72]</a> Es war kaum noch zu bestreiten: wir befanden uns in einem biologischen Krieg – und keiner wollte es zugeben... </span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[1]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-29190890</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[2]</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[3]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trilaterale_Kommission</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[4]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_on_Foreign_Relations</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[5]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_on_Foreign_Relations</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[6]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allen_Dulles</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[7]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_Jeffrey_Epstein</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[8]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/20/world/europe/prince-andrew-quits-epstein.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[9]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/nov/22/prince-andrews-aide-steps-down-from-role-over-epstein-link</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[10]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/prince-andrew-scandal-sexual-assault-lawsuit-b1921973.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[11]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.tagesspiegel.de/gesellschaft/panorama/britisches-koenigshaus-minderjaehrige-sexsklavin-erhebt-vorwuerfe-gegen-prinz-andrew/11180810.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[12]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/dec/07/prince-andrew-jeffrey-epstein-what-you-need-to-know</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[13]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://de.euronews.com/2020/08/06/padophilen-insel-lolita-express-offene-fragen-im-epstein-skandal</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[14]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://observer.com/2019/07/jeffrey-epstein-spy-intelligence-work/</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[15]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.welt.de/vermischtes/article196611967/Jeffrey-Epstein-Der-Milliardaer-der-Minderjaehrige-in-seine-Villa-lockte-und-missbrauchte.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.fr.de/politik/epstein-skandal-epstein-opfer-beschuldigt-erneut-prinz-andrew-zr-12783540.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.watson.ch/international/usa/546220208-jeffrey-epstein-verhaftet-der-milliardaer-unterhielt-sex-sklaven-ring</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[16]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeffrey_Epstein</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[17]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/30/business/david-boies-pottinger-jeffrey-epstein-videos.html</a>, <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2019-08-14/the-epstein-tapes-unearthed-recordings-from-his-private-island-jzbmb3p1</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[18]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-58099778</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[19]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joi_Ito</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[20]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">http://www.mit.edu</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[21]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.theguardian.com/education/2019/sep/07/jeffrey-epstein-mit-media-lab-joi-ito-resigns-reports</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[22]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscar_Pistorius</a>, <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.wired.com/2007/03/blade/</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[23]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://theintercept.com/2019/12/20/mit-ethical-ai-artificial-intelligence/</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[24]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/aug/18/private-jets-parties-and-eugenics-jeffrey-epsteins-bizarre-world-of-scientists</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[25]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.thenewatlantis.com/publications/philanthropys-original-sin</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[26]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/04/23/1000410/ai-triage-covid-19-patients-health-care/</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[27]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/31/business/jeffrey-epstein-eugenics.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[28]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transhumanismus</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[29]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.businessinsider.com/jeffrey-epstein-transhumanist-what-that-means-2019-7</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[30]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyborg</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[31]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.nzz.ch/zuerich/mensch-oder-maschine-interview-mit-neuropsychologe-lutz-jaencke-ld.1502927</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[32]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.watson.ch/digital/wissen/533419807-kuenstliche-intelligenz-immenses-potential-und-noch-groesseres-risiko</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[33]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sophia_(Roboter)</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[34]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.businessinsider.com/jeffrey-epstein-told-a-journalist-he-funded-sophia-the-robot-2019-9</a>, <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.fastcompany.com/90375335/jeffrey-epsteins-money-was-accepted-by-scientists-even-after-arrest</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[35]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.heise.de/tp/features/The-Age-of-Transhumanist-Politics-Has-Begun-3371228.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[36]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/oct/27/elon-musk-artificial-intelligence-ai-biggest-existential-threat</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[37]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://observer.com/2015/08/stephen-hawking-elon-musk-and-bill-gates-warn-about-artificial-intelligence/</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[38]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W0_DPi0PmF0</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[39]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2016/02/the-nsas-skynet-program-may-be-killing-thousands-of-innocent-people/3/</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[40]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.azquotes.com/quote/1203107</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[41]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jürgen_Schmidhuber</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[42]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">http://people.idsia.ch/~juergen/</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[43]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.faz.net/aktuell/feuilleton/debatten/kuenstliche-intelligenz-maschinen-ueberwinden-die-menschheit-15309705.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[44]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://hbr.org/podcast/2020/01/superintelligence-already-rules-the-world</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[45]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.weforum.org/great-reset/</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[46]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-internet-of-bodies-is-here-tackling-new-challenges-of-technology-governance</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[47]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/digital-id-covid19-human-rights-surveillance-technology-by-dirk-helbing-and-peter-seele-2020-09</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[48]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2020060606</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[49]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.biometricupdate.com/201909/id2020-and-partners-launch-program-to-provide-digital-id-with-vaccines</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[50]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menschenwürde</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[51]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.rand.org/blog/articles/2020/10/the-internet-of-bodies-will-change-everything-for-better-or-worse.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[52]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.amazon.com/Künstliche-Intelligenz-Maschinisierung-Schriften-öffentlichen-ebook/dp/B088X39GGQ/</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[53]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR3226.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.rand.org/blog/articles/2020/10/the-internet-of-bodies-will-change-everything-for-better-or-worse.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[54]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/12/business/jeffrey-epstein-bill-gates.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[55]</a> Aber vielleicht hatten diese wahnsinnigen Investionen ja mit dem „ObamaCare“ Programm zu tun, wo es zweifellos um viel Geld ging, quasi ein Gesundheitsabo über Jahrzehnte..., s. <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affordable_Care_Act</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[56]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/aug/18/private-jets-parties-and-eugenics-jeffrey-epsteins-bizarre-world-of-scientists</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[57]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.dw.com/de/die-weltgesundheitsorganisation-im-krisenmodus/a-53473614</a>, <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.tagesschau.de/ausland/who-corona-usa-101.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.zeit.de/wissen/gesundheit/2017-03/who-unabhaengigkeit-bill-gates-film</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[58]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.tagesschau.de/investigativ/ndr-wdr/corona-pandemie-eu-impfstoffe-101.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[59]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.tagesschau.de/ausland/europa/astrazeneca-corona-101.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[60]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.nzz.ch/international/der-streit-mit-pharmafirmen-als-bewaehrungsprobe-der-eu-ld.1599057</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[61]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/inland/impfstoffstreit-brauchen-wir-eine-kriegswirtschaft-17176138.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[62]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.wienerzeitung.at/nachrichten/politik/welt/2093603-Staatlich-gelenkte-Not-Impfstoffwirtschaft.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[63]</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[64]</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[65]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.handelszeitung.ch/unternehmen/buy-american-erlass-sorgt-fur-panik-der-pharmaindustrie</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[66]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.reuters.com/article/usa-pharma-trump-idDEKBN24B0KB</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.medmedia.at/relatus-pharm/us-praesident-trump-macht-druck-auf-pharmapreise/</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[67]</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[68]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.welt.de/politik/ausland/article220689822/Donald-Trump-US-Praesident-startet-mit-bizarrem-Auftritt-ins-Wochenende.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[69]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-12-16/trump-spy-chief-stirs-dispute-over-china-election-meddling-views</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/intelligence-analysts-downplayed-election-interference-trump-inspector</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[70]</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[71]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.derbund.ch/pharmafirmen-brechen-alle-rekorde-und-duerften-preise-noch-erhoehen-669597394525</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[72]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.zdf.de/nachrichten/politik/corona-impfen-strategie-spahn-100.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.zdf.de/nachrichten/politik/corona-spahn-impfstoffe-2022-100.html</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.tagesschau.de/ausland/europa/corona-eu-herbst-101.html</a> </span></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5335071719468565406.post-13186431926942458882021-09-20T22:26:00.006+01:002021-09-20T22:36:20.237+01:00Is the Data-Driven Paradigm of Managing the World Driving Us to the Brink of Apocalypse?<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> The idea that more data will automatically produce a better picture of the world and of the future must be critically reflected. It is a future vision of the past. In the last 10 years, we have learned a lot about the pitfalls of big data and machine learning - many of which have not yet been fixed yet. </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">The biggest commercial machine learning models currently in use learn a trillion parameters or so (assuming measurements are unbiased and reliable, which is often not the case). However, whatever the maximum number of parameters may be, when modeling the world in this way, there are many orders of magnitudes of interaction effects which are not captured, hence neglegted, and that will produce a wrong picture and bad forecasts. For example, even forecasts of the COVID-19 pandemic, of global warming, or peak oil have been consistently unreliable. </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Or let us take the forecast of the world's population and carrying capacity. According to the Club of Rome’s simulations and other statistics/projections,about one third of the world’s population is overpopulation and would die early of resource shortages. However, these simulations did not consider new forms of energy production. More importantly, they do not consider the possibility of reorganizing the economy towards a circular and sharing economy. If we had done this already, the world may not be overpopulated at all. Hence, „over-population“ may just be a matter of bad economic organization. That is why I am stressing the need of nature-inspired and social innovation so much [1], in particular the socio-ecological finance system [2] and interaction support processor [3], which would introduce new incentives and feedback effects that would promote the co-evolution towards a circular and sharing economy. And I stress the importance of digital democracy [1,4] and democratic capitalism [1,5] to unleash the transformative power of civil society. </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">If one, instead, would take a military top-down approach, say, using something alike a "digital crystal ball" and a "war room“ to decide how to manage the planet, then the positive interaction and feedback effects would be neglected or even eliminated. One would see a much worse future than we could have, and the decisions resulting from this might actually cause avoidable depopulation events. In other words, the wrong use of Big Data may not only see an „apocalyptic" future, which might be avoidable, it may even cause it, because of oversimplifications made by the tools used. The digital "crystal ball" will not see the alternative economy that might save us, because it is not in the data of the past. It requires innovation and systemic change. </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">[1] Next Civilization <a href="https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783030623296%20%5b2">https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783030623296 [2</a>] </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Finance 4.0: Towards a Socio-Ecological Finance System <a href="https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-71400-0#toc"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Book</span> </a> </span></p><p style="text-align: left;"></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br />[3] Interaction Support Processor, <a href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US20160350685A1/en">https://patents.google.com/patent/US20160350685A1/en</a></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br />[4] Build Digital Democracy: <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/527033a">https://www.nature.com/articles/527033a</a></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br />[5] Socio-Economic Implications of the Digital Revolution, <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348742263">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348742263</a></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5335071719468565406.post-55412101545332189162021-09-18T21:39:00.000+01:002021-09-18T21:39:02.342+01:00The Planetary Health Agenda – A Global Political Problem <span style="font-family: verdana;"></span><p><b><span style="font-family: verdana;">Abstract: The “Planetary Health” proposal discussed here describes a totalitarian vision favoring a data-driven, AI-controlled management of all resources of the world, from the planetary scale down to the microscopic processes in human bodies and in nature. The goal includes the control of behavioral, social and cultural change. However, the concept does not only ignore the concepts of ethics and democracy. It also ignores immaterial qualities such as human dignity, freedom, creativity, consciousness, or love, which are of particular importance for humans. Therefore, such an approach may easily and unintentionally result in violations of the Nuremberg code or crimes against humanity. Proper political action is urgently needed. </span></b></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p></p><blockquote><span style="font-family: verdana;"><i>“The physician examines the human body and determines whether ... all organs are working for the benefit of the entire organism. We [Dehomag] are very much like the physician, in that we dissect, cell by cell, the German cultural body. We report every individual characteristic ... on a little card… We are proud that we may assist in such a task, a task that provides our nation’s Physician […] with the material he needs for his examinations. Our Physician can then determine whether the calculated values are in harmony with the health of our people. It also means that if such is not the case, our Physician can take corrective procedures to correct the sick circumstances... Our characteristics are deeply rooted in our race. Therefore, we must cherish them like a holy shrine, which we will – and must – keep pure. We have the deepest trust in our Physician and will follow his instructions in blind faith, because we know that he will lead our people to a great future. (Heidinger, 1934).” <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn1">[1]</a></i> </span></blockquote><p></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">The document discussed in the following sometimes reminds of the above quote by Heidinger. It formulates not only a “requirement of preserving the life support systems”, but also makes a number of statements that deserve attention and debate, such as: </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><blockquote><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">1. “Planetary health is defined as health of human civilization and the state of the natural systems on which it depends.” </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">2. “Health is the state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">3. “We posit that natural resources are the socioeconomic signal of planetary health.” </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">4. “Humans are strongly health-minded, and are individually and collectively resource-driven…” </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">5. “Resource justice is defined as a … process about collective and individual relationships encompassing the distribution of rights and responsibilities…” </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">6. The “ultimate challenge our societies are facing” is to “reconcile the basic needs of populations with the maintenance of the life-support functions of ecosystems…” </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">7. “Resources, including the human resource, are the matrix of economic and political power systems, of history’s ups and downs, and they have great geopolitical sensitivity.” </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">8. “Today, critical state shifts are expected around 2030” (talking about “societal collapse”). </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">9. ‘…inseparable health of nature-societies-people, known as the “planetary health” ” </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">10. “A socially just and environmentally responsible society ought to consider that Health is a precondition, outcome, and indicator of a sustainable society, and should be adopted as a universal value and shared social and political objective for all.” </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">11. “… future undertakings in all areas of human life and activities should take a resource-health stress test” </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">12. “To address these issues, we developed a Resource-Planetary Health Toolbox (RPHT), built on the alliance of natural sciences, legal and social studies, and data and complex system resilience” </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">13. “The approach is systemic and preventive and transgresses academic, cultural, and political boundaries. It has the ambition to circumvent the above-mentioned barriers…” </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">14. The objective is to articulate the nature-human relationship on universal health and indivisible human rights and duties, to which health is the basis for a science-informed civilization contract…” </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">15. “… the price of commodities reflects the true social and ecological costs…” </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">16. “… building consensus toward social justice and ecological responsibility.” </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">17. “… the ambition to frame human agency” </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">18. “… natural and data sciences for monitoring and reporting with institutionalized data systems” </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">19. “That inclusive design articulates social justice and ecological responsibility by setting the balance between the management through numbers and the government through law” </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">20. “… systematically monitor and evaluate … locally and globally…” </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">21. “Enacting resource justice to balance basic needs/poverty, limiting resources, social cohesion, demography…” </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">22. “cultural shift linking health and wealth”, “socioecological transitions” </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p></blockquote><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">While some of these statements may sound right at first, my interpretation is as follows, where the numbering refers to the statements above: </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><blockquote><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">1. While claiming to aim at improving health, it becomes clear that the underlying goal is to manage nature and human civilization, globally. Hybris is one concern here, the possibility of global totalitarianism is another one. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">2. It is apparently intended to not only eradicate disease entirely, but also to manage physical, mental and social aspects of everyone’s life. “State of complete physical, mental and social well-being” sounds a bit like everyone would be drugged in the future. It also potentially implies the elimination of pain and of people with diseases. Pain, however, is an evolutionary function that supports learning. Also note that people with diseases typically do not want to die. They often value their lives, as do their friends, colleagues, and relatives. Furthermore, many of the most impressive cultural achievements of our world have been produced by people who were sick, unhappy or handicapped. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">3. Here, managing health is further reduced to the problem of managing natural resources. Non-material aspects such as happiness, love, creativity or human dignity disappear from the further consideration. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">4. It is suggested that health is the overarching goal of humans, and that they are resource-driven. This again underlines a materialistic approach, which is highly questionable. I do not think that the strive for resources and health is the dominating goal of most people. Personal life achievements are often more idealistic. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">5. Managing resources is defined as a matter of the distribution of rights and responsibilities. Consequently, there are no “God-given” human rights by birth anymore. Instead, one needs to earn his/her rights by fulfilling certain responsibilities. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">6. Next, the document claims the ultimate goal of our societies would be life support. In a different place, the term “basic needs” is used, which reminds somewhat of the lowest level of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. Accordingly, higher-level needs such as Safety, Love, Belonging, Esteem or Self-Fulfilment would potentially be neglected. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">7. Resources are then related to economic and political power systems and geopolitics. Accordingly, human and environmental health become subjects of an economic and political battle for power. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">8. It is claimed that we would see societal collapse around the year 2030, if we would not submit the goals of individuals and societies around the world to the logic of planetary health.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn2">[2]</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">9. It is further suggested that nature, societies, and people share one faith, while this is only expected to hold for a tightly connected globalized world. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">10. Here, Health is given the role of an universal value, which in a sense replaces the role of God (and, consequently, “Health” is written with a capital “H”). All people are supposed to share Health as the overarching political and social objective. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">11. It is then suggested that all areas of human life should undergo a resource-health stress test. This could be (mis-)understood as suggesting to expose societies to diseases and disasters, possibly to identify and get rid of the “unhealthy” and “vulnerable” elements. However, “vulnerability” is part of what makes us human and what makes us social. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">12. Apparently, the above is not a theoretical consideration or vision of the future, but a system that has already been built (in parts) by an alliance that ranges from science to law. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">13. The system also overcomes and possibly ignores or violates established scientific, cultural and political (probably also legal) frameworks, and it is tasked to prevent certain actions. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">14. The goal is a science-informed civilization, in which health is the universal goal. It is reiterated that rights would be tied to duties. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">15. This science-informed technocracy is based on attributing “true costs” to everything (including ecological and social aspects of society). This would, hence, imply a utilitarian approach, corresponding more or less to what is known as the “Chinese Social Credit Score” system. (It might be seen as a new kind of all-encompassing capitalism that values all externalities and all individual behaviors on an effectively one-dimensional scale.) </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">16. Based on this system, social justice and ecological responsibility would be enforced, and all people would have to agree with this. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">17. The ambition goes so far as to control human activities. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">18. A surveillance-based and data-driven approach is taken, which is institutionalized (probably UN). </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">19. Societies and individuals would be managed through numbers, and this system would be enforced by law. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">20. People and nature would be under surveillance locally and globally. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">21. Access to resources would be controlled, social cohesion undermined, and population control established. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">22. The overall approach appears to be in the tradition of social Darwinism and sounds somewhat like “Death to the weak(ling); wealth to the strong” or “The rich should live on forever”. </span></p></blockquote><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">The Anticipatory Brief on “Planetary Health and Global Resources” might, therefore, raise some serious concerns. An even better picture results, when the subtitle “The Cross-Cutting Challenge of All” is taken into account. As the vision of this Anticipatory Brief builds on the vision of basically all other Anticipatory Briefs, this picture encompasses: </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><blockquote><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">I. The data-driven approach builds on a highly detailed “digital avatar” of the world, which probably includes digital twins that map our behaviors and inner workings of our bodies. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> II. The digital twins will be fed by surveillance data obtained through the Internet of Things, which will be processed by extremely powerful machine learning approaches and Quantum Computers. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> III. This platform will be used to manage all global resources, including our lives, with the goal to achieve “planetary health”. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> IV. Such an approach will probably also include the use of nanotechnology, an Internet of Bodies, genetic engineering, as well as mind control approaches to steer thoughts, emotions, and behaviors<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn3">[3]</a> as well as the implementation of a new ethics based on the logic of the “trolley problem” (“morality engineering”). </span></p></blockquote><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> Hence, the other Anticipatory Briefs may be considered to specify how the “Planetary Health” goal would be technically accomplished. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Criticism </span></h2><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">Even though the paper is relatively vague, the idea shines through to „eliminate“ or „eradicate“ disease (and probably also „misbehavior“<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn4">[4]</a>). I do not think that this would work or that such a world would be desirable to live in. The following sections will provide a detailed criticism of some of the major scientific and political issues implied by the Planetary Health vision outlined above. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Limitations of a Data-Driven Approach </span></h3><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">First of all, we need to learn from the shortcomings of data-driven approaches in the past, which were merely based on Big Data analytics, machine learning and AI.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn5">[5]</a> This includes </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><blockquote><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">a. classification errors (false positives or negatives), </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">b. spurious correlations, identification of random patterns, and overfitting, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">c. sensitivity to minor modifications in the dataset or choice of the algorithm applied, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">d. lack of robustness, stability or reliability of results, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">e. slow learning processes or lack of convergence, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">f. underestimation of the danger of wrongly fitting a certain fraction of the millions, billions, or even trillions of variables of future machine learning models, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">g. underestimation of the role of diversity/heterogeneity and randomness, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">h. underestimation of the role of systemic, functional, or algorithmic complexity, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">i. limits of predictability, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">j. limits of control, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">k. limits of a data-driven approach (as the data volume grows faster than the processing power, the share of “dark data” never processed is steadily growing; consequently, a scientifically informed approach is needed to decide what data should be processed and how), </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">l. limits of a techology-driven approach (there are many ways how to use digital technologies), </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">m. limits of a transhumanist view (humans are not biological robots), </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">n. limits of a positivistic approach (non-material and hardly quantifiable factors are often neglected, including those that make us human, such as consciousness, freedom, creativity, love, solidarity, or human dignity...). </span></p></blockquote><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> Other Scientific Flaws </span></h3><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><blockquote><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">A. Our immune system is generally highly robust, because it is being challenged by diseases all the time. The absence of diseases would probably weaken our immune system. In other words: health is not the result of absence of diseases, but a result of successfully coping with diseases. It is the result of interspecies interactions. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">B. The current “Planetary Health” approach dramatically underestimates the roles that self-organization and emergence play for our well-being and a healthy state of nature. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">C. In complex dynamical systems, global optimization and control approaches often perform worse than approaches based on flexible adaptation to local needs. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">D. The great(er) performance of natural systems is often based on coordination, cooperation, co-evolution, synergy, and symbiosis. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">E. A good illustration is the role that the microbiome plays for our health. Decades ago, it was believed that it was a good idea to disinfect everything in order to kill bacteria. In the meantime it is known that we could not exist without bacteria. In fact, there are about 10 times as many bacteria in our guts than cells in our body. These bacteria form an ecosystem that benefits us: it does not only digest food and make calories, vitamins, and minerals available to us, but it also is an important part of our immune defense. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">F. Rather than pursuing a surveillance-based, data-driven, AI-controlled Planetary Health approach, it appears more promising to follow a symbiotic „ecosystem“ approach, considering also environmental, social, contextual and non-material factors (including mental and psychological ones). </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">G. Overwriting the operation system of our society, culture, mind, and body appears to be a radical, ideology-driven approach (aiming to “play God”) rather than an approach that is scientifically sound and recommended. </span></p></blockquote><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Political Issues</span></h3><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">The “Planetary Health” proposal promotes first and foremost the interests of a medical-industrial complex.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn6">[6]</a> There is a great lack of transparency and participation. It is entirely unclear what role, if any, democracy and human rights or human dignity will have in this framework. A global utilitarian optimization of planetary health and resource use would probably lead to phenomena such as organ harvesting against the will of people and algorithm-based triage decisions, as it is already reported from certain countries. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">The spread of triage methods, which were developed for wars and war-like disaster situations, in everyday contexts is highly concerning and questions civil-ization altogether. People who are not counted to be “system relevant” by the algorithms in use would not stand good chances to get access to important resources. They would probably die early, as the planetary health approach would reward health, while punishing or trying to eliminate disease. The result would be technical selection benefitting genetically and otherwise gifted people. Eugenics would be a likely side effect. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> Given the above as well as the so-called over-population of planet Earth and the lack of sustainability of our current economy, the management of highly sensitive personal/health data and medical treatment by private companies would be highly problematic. There would be obvious conflicts of interest, for example, when there are budgetary or other constraints that make patients’ interest unaligned with commercial interests of insurance companies and businesses in the health sector. The danger of crimes against humanity undoubtedly exists, particularly as there seems to be a lack of accountability for the algorithms used. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">Imagine, in the future, someone would (be able to) apply technologies to our bodies or brains against our will, in favor of a proposed superior goal such as “Planetary Health”. Wouldn’t that be the mother of all nightmares? Is there any way to ensure that humans would not be experimented on against their will or exposed to unnecessary health risks? Otherwise related threats may largely outweight possible benefits. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> In a data-driven and surveillance-based age, humans are increasingly managed and controlled similar to things. This strongly contradicts human dignity. For example, current Corona measures are deeply traumatizing to hundreds of millions of people around the world, probably more than even 9/11. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">Perhaps the reason is that many of the ideas and technologies proposed or used in the context of planetary health have originally been developed in military contexts and labs. However, a civil society or civil-ization should not be based on military technologies, principles, or thinking, because this might quickly lead to an authoritarian, if not totalitarian framework of society.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> For the governance of the highly networked techno-socio-economic-environmental systems of today we urgently need new organizational/societal frameworks and a lot more social innovation. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Judgement </span></h2><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">The Anticipatory Brief on “Planetary Health” describes the most totalitarian vision I have ever come across. It appears to favor a brute-force, data-driven, AI-controlled management of all resources of the world, from the planetary scale down to the microscopic processes in human bodies and in nature. The goal includes the control of behavioral, social and cultural change. However, the concept does not only ignore the concepts of ethics and democracy. It also ignores immaterial qualities such as human dignity, freedom, creativity, consciousness, or love, which are of particular importance for humans. Therefore, the application of such a tool may easily and unintentionally result in violations of the Nuremberg code or crimes against humanity. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">The proposed approach also seems to ignore many years of complexity and systems science, which has shown that self-organizing and evolutionary processes often outperform optimization approaches, in particular if synergistic or symbiotic processes are enabled. Resource optimization follows the logic of resource scarcity and implies a competition for and redistribution of limited resources. As a consequence, the proposed approach may put a large number of lives at risk. Biological, social and cultural processes, in contrast, often manage to overcome and outperform this logic of zero sum games (as a circular and sharing economy does). </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">Despite the above mentioned shortcomings, the flawed thinking behind the proposal already seems to drive political processes and technological developments worldwide. Behind great promises for the future, a highly concerning picture of society and its future is revealed. As a consequence of this new thinking, the very foundations of democracies, human rights and freedoms are at stake. It seems necessary to pull the emergency brake. In the light of the above, the Big Data and AI infrastructures built for the Planetary Health project should be seized and put under the control of The People of the world or otherwise be dismantled and turned off. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref1">[1]</a> W. Heidinger (1934), according to D.W. McCormick and J.C. Spee (2012), see <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1057/omj.2008.25">https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1057/omj.2008.25</a> </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref2">[2]</a> This is basically the narrative of the Agenda 2030. </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref3">[3]</a> Integrating Behavioral Health – The Role of Cognitive Computing </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref4">[4]</a> <a href="https://www.amazon.com/Misbehaving-Behavioral-Economics-Richard-Thaler/dp/039335279X/">https://www.amazon.com/Misbehaving-Behavioral-Economics-Richard-Thaler/dp/039335279X/</a> </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref5">[5]</a> A famous example is Google Flu Trends: celebrated as one of the big success stories of Big Data Analytics in the beginning, the service has been switched off and taken off the Web, as it was not sufficiently reliable. </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref6">[6]</a> <a href="https://www.nzz.ch/feuilleton/zukunft-des-menschen-ersetzen-wir-gott-oder-die-maschinen-uns-ld.1561928">https://www.nzz.ch/feuilleton/zukunft-des-menschen-ersetzen-wir-gott-oder-die-maschinen-uns-ld.1561928</a> </span></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5335071719468565406.post-29967568972559437812021-09-13T23:14:00.000+01:002021-09-13T23:14:39.083+01:00 The Corona Crisis Reveals the Struggle for Our Future<p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">For a long time, experts have warned of the implications of a non-sustainable world, but few have understood the implications. Today’s economic system would enter a terminal phase, before a new kind of system would raise from the ashes. For sure, the digital revolution allowed the machinery of utility maximization to reach new heights. Today’s surveillance capitalism sells our digital doubles, in other words: detailed digital copies of our lives. It became increasingly clear that we would be next. People were already talking about the value of life, which, from a market point of view, could be pretty little – considering the fact of over-population and the coming wave of robotic automation. I have warned that some have worked on systems that would autonomously decide over lives and deaths of people, based on a citizen score reflecting what their “systemic value” was claimed to be. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Then came the Corona Virus. Even though the world had been warned in advance of the next great pandemic to come, COVID-19 hit the world surprisingly unprepared. Even though it started to spread in early December 2019, there was a shortage not only of respirators, but also of disinfectants and face masks as late as April 2020. And so, many people died an early death. Some doctors took triage decisions as in war times, and old or seriously ill people did not stand good chances to be helped. Some doctors relied on “terminal care”: basically, they gave opiates and sleeping pills to patients they could not save, and put them to death. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">In the past 75 years, we have perhaps never been that close to the end of civilization. The fundamental principles of civil society were at stake. From one week to the other, driven by fear, we have lost much of our human rights: the freedom of mobility, the freedom of assembly, the freedom of worship, and – some of us – even the right to live. We were all prisoners at home and could not check the validity of news. Never before did we get so much information and learned so little. Some people called for mass surveillance, for immunity certificates, for obligatory tests and (later on) for forced vaccination. We were just one millimeter away from a totalitarian state. Some countries lost their democracies over these events. This could have easily happened around the world, given that we could not exercise our constitutional rights. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">We have seen that a threat, which was dangerous for many lives, but not for humanity as such, was amplified by the media into a storm of fear and mass hysteria, such that it became a serious threat for our society, civilization and culture, which we have built over centuries. For sure, the economic system has been seriously damaged. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">However, in this historical situation, we have made up our minds and figured out what really matters. We have realized that lives are more important than money. We have decided for solidarity. We have protected our democracy, which actuallyso far mastered the greatest challenge it had ever seen – contrary to the expectations of many. And even in times of lockdown and fear, we have not decided to give up our privacy and informational self-determination. Instead, we have promoted a new framework for the digital society – one, which is based on decentralization, values and empowerment. One, which even Google and Apple have to respect. So, we are seeing the dawn of a new society. A civilization based on respect for each other and for nature. It may take years to realize that it was a nasty virus that helped us build a more livable, more sustainable future together. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">An edited, considerably less critical version of this text from 2020 was finally published here: </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">https://web.archive.org/web/20200609053329/https://www.wiko-berlin.de/institution/projekte-kooperationen/projekte/working-futures/wiko-briefs-working-futures-in-corona-times/the-corona-crisis-reveals-the-struggle-for-a-sustainable-digital-future/ </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5335071719468565406.post-34927886010272355942021-09-12T23:02:00.029+01:002021-09-12T23:39:18.390+01:00INNOVATIVE GOVERNANCE APPROACHES NEEDED: Some Thoughts on How to Master Our Future Using Big Data (also ‘Avatars’, ‘Digital Twins’) with a new Kind of Multi-Lateralism<p><span style="font-family: verdana;">There is little doubt that we are seeing ever more useful Big Data and AI applications that can make a contribution to a better world. It is much less obvious, however, whether the use of those technologies will benefit humanity and nature altogether, i.e. on average. Below, I just mention a few of the reasons that matter in this context: <br /> <br /></span></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Digital technologies consume an exponentially increasing energy share and are expected to consume more than 20% of the energy produced by 2030, which seems to undermine the achievement of the sustainability goals:</span><span style="font-family: verdana;"> <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-06610-y">https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-06610-y</a></span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Using Big Data and AI tools does not require domain-specific scientific background knowledge, say, in physics, chemistry, biology, or economics. ML and AI learn patterns in data sets by themselves. There is, hence, a considerable risk that flaws in data analyses and AI applications (e.g. due to non-representative data samples or false positive and false negative classification errors or socially undesirable discrimination effects) will remain unnoticed for a long time, such that bad applications harming society or nature may spread. </span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Using AI to make nations, companies, and/or people more powerful may further increase conflicts in the world. </span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">In a geopolitical situation where we witness a struggle of different political systems for global supremacy, the increasing use of Big Data and AI for cyber war and hybrid war is likely. </span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">In fact, there are more and more complaints about hacking critical infrastructures, and concerns about the vulnerability of our critical infrastructures are growing:</span><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/die-digitalisierung-macht-uns-angreifbar-122235086291">https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/die-digitalisierung-macht-uns-angreifbar-122235086291</a> </span><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">There are many signs, indeed, that we are currently involved in a global information warfare using our personal data, and that it is closely related with various serious human rights violations: </span><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.militairespectator.nl/thema/operaties/artikel/behavioural-change-core-warfighting">https://www.militairespectator.nl/thema/operaties/artikel/behavioural-change-core-warfighting</a> </span><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Since Edward Snowden, it is known that all major data sets are being aggregated by secret services such as the NSA. At the same time he has revealed some of the misuse that happens with this data, such as the JTRIG program: <a href="https://theintercept.com/2014/02/24/jtrig-manipulation/">https://theintercept.com/2014/02/24/jtrig-manipulation/</a></span><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">The recent NSO scandal around the misuse of the Pegasus software against high-level politicians, journalists, and human right activists stresses that the use of digital technology is out of control: </span><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/die-ueberwachungsindustrie-ist-ausser-kontrolle-245615078117">https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/die-ueberwachungsindustrie-ist-ausser-kontrolle-245615078117</a> </span><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">The Cambridge Analytica Scandal has, furthermore, unveiled the manipulation of democratic elections with personal data in many countries, where links to military and secret services circles have become obvious: </span><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/dark-money-investigations/cambridge-analytica-is-what-happens-when-you-privatise-military-propaganda/">https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/dark-money-investigations/cambridge-analytica-is-what-happens-when-you-privatise-military-propaganda/</a> </span><span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">A recent blog summarizes some further known dual uses of Big Data cyberinfrastructures: </span><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="http://futurict.blogspot.com/2021/07/partial-list-of-possible-dual-uses-of.html">http://futurict.blogspot.com/2021/07/partial-list-of-possible-dual-uses-of.html</a> </span><br /></li></ul><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br />Considering all this, fundamental reforms are needed in the way personal data is being collected, managed, and used. Otherwise it is possible that the digital transformation may fail altogether. Here are a few proposals for consideration and implementation: <br /><br />A high level of <b>cybersecurity</b> is clearly needed. In this regard, backdoors are counterproductive. <br /><br /><b>Distributed data storage and control</b> would be a strongly recommended safety feature. <br /><br /><b>Accountability:</b> Any processing of sensitive data must be documented for a sufficient period of time, if ever possible in a reproducible way, such that errors and dual uses can be detected and corrective measures taken. <br /><br /><b>Transparency:</b> Data and algorithms used must be opened up<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn1">[1]</a> to a certain number of mutually independent supervisory instances such that a sufficient <b>quality of data processing</b> from a statistical, scientific and technical point of view can be ensured (e.g. in terms of avoiding unjustified discrimination or in terms of requiring meaningful data analysis [no spurious correlations; sufficiently small false positive and false negative error rates; reproducibility; results not sensitive to small changes in the dataset, algorithm, or hardware, etc; of course, one also needs to consider the other known issues of Big Data analytics]) <br /><br /><b>Open intelligence</b> approaches are to be favored over secret services, whenever possible. <br /><br />The organization of <b>data access</b> may be hierarchically organized, in terms of time delays of data access and accessible data volumes. The hierarchy level should depend on demonstrated responsible use and benefits created for the world. On the highest level, there should probably be at least 7 competitive, mutually supervisory instances (probably tied to leading countries). Their best scientific institutions should also have privileged access for the sake of quality assurance. The highest levels (serving as “guardians” of the system) would have to satisfy particularly strict rules in terms of independence and avoidance of conflicts of interest. On the next levels, with a larger time delay and smaller data volumes processed, there would be a larger number of participating entities, probably big companies and other countries. Again with some additional time delay and smaller data volumes processed, there would be SMEs and other scientific institutions as well as civil society initiatives, etc. Entities providing more (useful) data to the system should be higher up in the access hierarchy, to be able to make reasonable returns on their investments. With suitable access rules, one can ensure that there would be sufficiently many competitors, such that monopolies and a dangerous concentration of power is avoided. It would further be reasonable to have clear rules according to which entities move up or down in the hierarchy, based on how useful their contributions to the state of the world and the future and humanity were. <br /><br /><b>Ethical standards and responsible innovation</b> must be ensured. People dealing with sensitive data should probably have to swear something like a “Hippocratic Oath for data scientists” (I can make suggestions, if desired). Qualified ethics committees must be put in place to ensure the ethical use of data, in compliance with human rights. <br /><br />A <b>diversity of teams</b> as well as an inter-, multi-, and transdisciplinary approach (properly considering knowledge from the natural and complexity sciences, from the cognitive and social sciences, from history, philosophy and so on) as well as participatory opportunities for civil society projects should be ensured, in accordance with the peace room concept: <a href="https://www.theglobalist.com/technology-big-data-artificial-intelligence-future-peace-rooms/">https://www.theglobalist.com/technology-big-data-artificial-intelligence-future-peace-rooms/</a> <br /><br />Note that – due to their tendency of being extremely focused – neither a utilitarian approach, as it is often common in the economy, nor a military approach are expected to be suited to successfully run advanced, complex, multi-faceted, multi-objective, thriving societies and civil-izations living in peace with each other. <br /><br /><b>Participatory governance:</b> There should be representatives of those affected by decisions, such that they have a say regarding what is going to happen to them. For example, regarding health applications, it is required to have a representative, independent patient council, which can voice preferences and concerns. <br /><br /><b>Digital democracy</b> is a concept that aims at fostering collective intelligence, better solutions and collective action at scale: <a href="http://futurict.blogspot.com/2020/06/digital-democracy-how-to-make-it-work.html">http://futurict.blogspot.com/2020/06/digital-democracy-how-to-make-it-work.html</a> <br /><b><br />Informational self-determination</b> is needed to ensure that people will still be able to control their own lives in the future: <a href="http://futurict.blogspot.com/2019/01/a-platform-for-informational-self.html">http://futurict.blogspot.com/2019/01/a-platform-for-informational-self.html</a> <br /><br />This does not mean though that everyone should do what they like, independently of how much harm is caused to others or to nature. <br /><br />The <b>socio-ecological finance system (‘finance 4.0’)</b> is a multi-dimensional feedback, coordination and incentive system based on a participatory use of the Internet of Things that is combined with multiple new currencies. It offers to make sure that people will ‘feel’ the good or bad impacts of their behaviors on others and on nature, thereby helping them to take better decisions. The participatory system rewards people and companies accordingly. It is a democratic system that promotes the co-evolution of symbiotic interactions and the development of a sustainable circular and sharing economy: (Click on image for link to book)<span style="font-family: verdana;"> </span></span></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-71400-0#toc" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="463" data-original-width="306" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibfusTk3VegRY5bjcSTHd8FEzIwOlBgnY5IJCEiHs8r8ebcKMTe96snynOTtdVqK-4_Z6BDG3oljmU4jn0B2KTZ_msNWLvQB5By8llnlM9IJCn-kd0EQVV1fyvWzQKn-kSCtzCdZm46x8/s320/978-3-030-71400-0.jpg" width="211" /></a></div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br />Further reading: <br /><br />M. Batty (2018) Digital Twins, Environment and Planning B 45, 817-820. <br /><br />E. Arcaute et al. (2021) Future Cities: Why Digital Twins Need to Take Complexity Science on Board, preprint. <br /><br />D. Helbing et al. (2021) Ethics of Smart Cities, preprint. <br /><br /> <br /> <br /><br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref1">[1]</a> at least with a delay – using time delayed self-decrypting encryption </span><p></p><br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5335071719468565406.post-82499471627751312082021-07-20T16:19:00.000+01:002021-07-20T16:19:29.456+01:00 Partial List of Possible Dual Uses of Big Data Cyber-Infrastructures<p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Big Data and AI are being used to improve security and the state of health, nature, and the world. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span style="font-size: medium;">But they can also be used for bad, as the following list demonstrates: <br /><br /><br />Mass surveillance <br /><br />Profiling <br /><br />Scoring <br /><br />Citizen score <br /><br />Targeting <br /><br />Hacking <br /><br />Cybercrime <br /><br />Cyberwar <br /><br />Information war <br /><br />Hybrid war <br /><br />Misinformation, also personalized <br /><br />Disinformation, also personalized <br /><br />Fake news, deep fakes <br /><br />Behavioral manipulation <br /><br />Manipulation of democratic elections <br /><br />Personalized marketing <br /><br />Neuromarketing <br /><br />Censorship <br /><br />Propaganda <br /><br />PsyOps <br /><br />Deception <br /><br />Mind control <br /><br />Brain hacking <br /><br />Hate speech <br /><br />Blackmailing <br /><br />Cybermobbing, psychological abuse <br /><br />Electronic harassment <br /><br />Social engineering <br /><br />Insider trading <br /><br />Market manipulation <br /><br />Neurocapitalism <br /><br />Implanting dreams <br /><br />Triggering accidents <br /><br />Triggering crime (e.g. “footfall”) <br /><br />A new kind of police state (“predictive policing”) <br /><br />Internet of bodies <br /><br />Potential of totalitarian control <br /><br /> <br />Many of these applications would violate Data Protection Laws, the UN Declaration of Universal Human Rights, or the Nuremberg Codex, i.e. they would be considered crimes against humanity. <br /><br /><i>The crucial questions are: Can such dual uses be prevented by suitable laws and governance frameworks? </i></span></span></p><p><i><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span style="font-size: medium;">If yes, how would they have to look like? </span></span></i></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5335071719468565406.post-43555314532665856062021-06-22T00:39:00.000+01:002021-06-22T00:39:20.402+01:00NAVIGATE THE 21ST CENTURY WITH DIGITAL EMPOWERMENT ON ALL LEVELS AND SCALES<span style="font-family: verdana;"><span style="font-size: large;">We have recently discussed what kind of tool would be better to have: a crystal ball, which would tell you the future, if it was possible to build, and would allow you to see in all detail what is going to happen. Or, to have a tool that would allow us to manoeuvre troubled waters and to get around the cliffs we are going to face. It is important to realize that these are two pretty different kinds of tools. We have decided it would be desirable to be able to navigate the 21st century with digital empowerment on all levels and scales (particularly of the civil society). <br /><br />Let me start by stating that, of course, Big Data, AI, and Computer Simulation of Systems have a lot to offer when it comes to addressing some of our biggest challenges of humanity. So, we should, of course, make good use of the opportunities arising from them. <br /><br />Recently, there is much excitement for digital avatars and digital twins. Some would go so far to aim for an exact digital copy of the real world which would perhaps even replace analogue systems entirely in the future – in accordance with transhumanist goals such as convergence and transcendence. Personally, I consider such goals not scientifically well-founded, so I suggest to focus now on the goal of creating realistic models of parts of the world instead of exact digital copies. These can certainly be useful. Envisioned applications reach from urban twins to models of the planet to models of individuals, their personality, behavior, body, and health. This is of interest in connection with “smart cities”, climate modeling, and precision medicine. <br /><br />Sounds probably good to you, but things are trickier than expected, not just because of privacy and security concerns. It is not enough to collect as much data as possible and to have a powerful AI system learn the patterns in the data. Besides incomplete datasets and limited processing power, there are a number of fundamental obstacles: biases, overfitting, the role of randomness, turbulence, the “butterfly effect” of chaos theory, the uncertainty principle of quantum mechanics, and the undecidability theorem of Gödel, to mention just a few. <br /><br />So far, Big Data has not made science obsolete, nor do we have a universal AI. And if we had one, this could still be pretty dangerous. Suppose, for example, we would task an intelligent system to solve the sustainability problems of the planet. It might figure out that the easiest solution would be to kill a considerable number of people. And if it was just smart enough, humans may not even understand what is going on, given that AI systems are pretty much black boxes to them. <br /><br />In a highly networked, complex world, where almost everything has side effects, feedback effects or cascading effects, a powerful tool, particularly when applied on a global scale, may cause serious, large-scale damage. This is the more likely in a time where people argue with trolley problems and lesser evils. According to this logic, if there is just a big enough disaster, problem, or threat, any ethical principle or law might be overruled, including human rights and even the right to life. In view of the Covid-19 pandemic, we may, in fact, be in the middle of such a scenario already. <br /><br />Obviously, such an approach can easily and unintentionally end with crimes against humanity. As history shows, neither companies nor states nor legal frameworks are reliable safeguards against terrible misuse, accidents, or side effects. Not even the UN may be enough to ensure a save use of such tools. So, to be able to unleash the full potential of Big Data and AI for humanity and nature, we would need a particular technological framework and an entirely new kind of multi-lateralism. We would need platforms that are neither owned nor controlled by individual companies nor countries nor consortia of them, and would also not stand above our fundamental values and the rule of law. <br /><br />One would need safety precautions such as decentralization, distributed control, a large amount of informational self-determination, protection from misuse, and compensation if something went wrong. New forms of organizations and social innovation are needed, to unlock the potential of technology safely and responsibly. We certainly can’t afford to open Pandora’s box. We have enough problems already… <br /><br />Also, we should carefully consider alternative uses of technology. I would just like to mention the idea of creating a socio-ecological finance system. A finance system, which would use the Internet of Things to measure externalities that decisions of people and companies cause. The measurement of externalities would define multiple new currencies, which could be used to incentivize positive behavioral change. This novel real-time feedback and coordination system is inspired by nature, which has already managed to develop a circular economy based on self-organization and distributed control. Hence, introducing such real-time feedbacks into our socio-economic system is expected to create forces promoting a sustainable re-organization. A sustainable circular and sharing economy would result through a co-evolutionary process. It would be a system avoiding coercion and mind control. It would be a system consistent with freedom, self-determination, creativity and innovation, with human rights and democracy. This is actually the path to sustainability I would take. Anyway, these remarks are just to point out that our situation is not desperate. We do have options – but we also have choices to make and action to take. </span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5335071719468565406.post-20531799455114939342021-05-17T01:22:00.001+01:002021-05-17T01:26:24.353+01:00Angesichts von Triage und „Todesalgorithmen“<h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> <span style="color: #04ff00;">Angesichts von Triage und „Todesalgorithmen“: </span></span></h1><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span style="color: #04ff00;">Ist die heutige daten-getriebene Medizin mit der Verfassung vereinbar?</span><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn1">[1]</a> </span></h1><span style="font-family: verdana;"> <br /><blockquote><i>„Als Mitglied der ärztlichen Profession gelobe ich feierlich, mein Leben in den Dienst der Menschlichkeit zu stellen. Die Gesundheit und das Wohlergehen meiner Patientin oder meines Patienten werden mein oberstes Anliegen sein. <br /><br />Ich werde die Autonomie und die Würde meiner Patientin oder meines Patienten respektieren. Ich werde den höchsten Respekt vor menschlichem Leben wahren. <br /><br />Ich werde nicht zulassen, dass Erwägungen von Alter, Krankheit oder Behinderung, Glaube, ethnischer Herkunft, Geschlecht, Staatsangehörigkeit, politischer Zugehörigkeit, Rasse, sexueller Orientierung, sozialer Stellung oder jeglicher anderer Faktoren zwischen meine Pflichten und meine Patientin oder meinen Patienten treten...“ </i></blockquote>So fordert es das Ärztliche Gelöbnis (die „Deklaration von Genf“ <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn2">[2]</a>) in seiner neuen Fassung aus dem Jahr 2017, auch bekannt als Hippokratischer Eid. Doch sind die in der Medizin eingesetzten Verfahren überhaupt kompatibel damit – oder droht in unserer Gesellschaft neben einer biologisch-genetischen und sozialen nun auch eine <b>technische Selektion</b>? Angesichts der jüngsten Anwendung von Triage-Methoden sind ernste Sorgen angebracht. <br /><br />Die Praxis in Krankenhäusern und der Notfallmedizin muss auf den verfassungsrechtlichen Prüfstand. Im Zusammenhang mit Algorithmen-gestützten Sterbeentscheidungen droht eine gefährliche Verantwortungsdiffusion mit unabsehbaren Folgen für unsere Gesellschaft. Zur Erläuterung beschreiben wir im Folgenden vereinfacht einige kritische Elemente der Prozesskette im Gesundheitssystem und wie sie ineinander greifen: <br /><br /></span><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Die Realität in Krankenhäusern beinhaltet bekannter Weise <b>Kapazitätsengpässe</b>, wie sie auch in der COVID-19 Krise offenbar geworden sind. Unter solche Umständen kommt es implizit oder explizit zu <b>Priorisierungsentscheidungen</b>. Im schlimmsten Fall können das <b>Triage-Entscheidungen</b> sein, in deren Folge Menschen sterben, die unter normalen Umständen gerettet werden könnten und würden. </span></li></ul><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Dabei werden relevante Vorentscheidungen unter Umständen auch von Personal getroffen, welches die möglichen ethischen und juristischen Implikationen nicht vollständig überblickt. </span></li></ul><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Überdies wird das medizinische Personal bei seinen Entscheidungen zunehmend von Messdaten und Expertensystemen oder gar KI-Systemen unterstützt, was oft sehr hilfreich ist. Bei bestimmten Entscheidungen kann das aber problematisch sein. Solche digitalen Hilfsmittel werden von Softwareentwicklern geschaffen, die von medizinischen, rechtlichen und gesellschaftlichen Implikationen in der Regel nur begrenzte Ahnung haben. </span></li></ul><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Die Algorithmen unterliegen dem Betriebsgeheimnis und werden häufig Updates unterzogen, sind also in ihrer Wirkung bis zu einem gewissen Grade nicht bekannt und mangels <b>Algorithmentransparenz</b> zum Teil nicht überprüfbar. Problematisch ist zudem die „epistemische Autorität“, die algorithmischen Entscheidungen anhaften: eine Befolgung algorithmischer Empfehlungen scheint oft geboten und im Schadens- oder Klagefall eher von Vorteil zu sein. </span></li></ul><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Den medizinischen Entscheidungen werden oftmals Kriterien wie die erwartete Wirksamkeit der fraglichen Maßnahmen zugrunde gelegt. Hierbei ist zwischen verschiedenen Behandlungsmöglichkeiten zu entscheiden, oder ob auf solche verzichtet wird. Die zugrundeliegende Entscheidungen stützen sich oft auf Mittelwerte ab, wie sie in umfangreichen medizinischen Studien erhoben werden. Diese lassen aber in der Regel <b>keine präzisen individuellen Prognosen</b> zu, da die Variation der Daten oft groß ist. Mit anderen Worten: <b>eine Maßnahme, die im Mittel besser ist, kann im Einzelfall oft schlechter sein.</b> </span></li></ul><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Auch Triage-Entscheidungen werden gegebenenfalls auf der Basis von Daten getroffen, die keine exakten individuellen Prognosen zulassen oder für Triage-Entscheidungen ursprünglich nicht gedacht waren. </span></li></ul><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Daten-getriebene Entscheidungen sind oft sehr sensitiv gegenüber Details des verwendeten Algorithmus oder der ausgewerteten Daten.</b> Folglich kann die Auswahl der Patienten, die medizinisch priorisiert oder Opfer der Triage werden, stark mit den verwendeten Prozeduren, Algorithmen oder Datensätzen variieren. Damit sind wir mit einer <b>unerwünschten Zufälligkeit und Willkür resultierender Entscheidungen</b> konfrontiert. Die Objektivität und wissenschaftliche Unangreifbarkeit entsprechender Entscheidungen ist also in Frage zu stellen. Trotz dieser methodischen Mängel werden lebenswichtige Entscheidungen zunehmend auf der Basis von Algorithmen getroffen. </span></li></ul><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Fraglich ist auch die Rechtmäßigkeit und Sinnhaftigkeit der verwendeten persönlichen Daten und Algorithmen. Zum Beispiel spielt in einigen von ihnen die prognostizierte Lebenserwartung eine Rolle,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn3">[3]</a> obwohl deren individuelle Variabilität ebenfalls hoch ist.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn4">[4]</a> In der Folge werden auf der Basis der Prognose der Lebenserwartung getroffene oder unterlassene medizinischen Maßnahmen in vielen Fällen die Lebenserwartung <i>determinieren</i>. Daher <b>bedingt ein Einsatz solcher Algorithmen weitgehend die Sterbereihenfolge</b>. Die Prognosen würden quasi zur self-fulfilling Prophecy. </span></li></ul><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: verdana;"> Bei den medizinischen Entscheidungen spielen auch <b>finanzielle Ressourcen</b> eine zunehmende Rolle. Die Big Data-gestützten medizinischen Entscheidungen sollen für einen effizienten Einsatz verfügbarer Mittel sorgen. Damit <b>verlagert sich aber der Fokus von der Menschenwürde zunehmend zu ökonomischen Nutzenerwägungen</b>. Algorithmen-basierte Priorisierungsentscheidungen, einschließlich Triage-Entscheidungen, werden also zunehmend durch Kostenfragen bestimmt. </span></li></ul><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Wird bei den Entscheidungen überdies der individuelle Versicherungsschutz (der Leistungsumfang der jeweiligen Krankenversicherung) berücksichtigt, so ist auch mit einer <b>sozialen Selektion</b> zu rechnen.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn5">[5]</a> Wie man aus der KI-Forschung weiß, können solche Diskriminierungs-Effekte wegen der Intransparenz der Algorithmen und der verwendeten Trainingsdaten selbst dann resultieren, wenn sie nicht beabsichtigt oder explizit einprogrammiert sind.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn6">[6]</a> </span></li></ul><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Im Rahmen der gegenwärtigen Pandemie werden <b>Triage-Entscheidungen</b>, in denen es um Entscheidungen über Leben und Tod geht, heute vermehrt getroffen. Sie werden mangels ausreichender medizinischer Kapazitäten oft als unvermeidlich dargestellt. Man darf aber nicht vergessen, dass sie als äußerst problematisch gelten und bisher <b>nur im Krieg und extremsten Katastrophenlagen akzeptabel</b> waren. </span></li></ul><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Dennoch entwickeln verschiedene Projekte Algorithmen, die Triage-Entscheidung treffen sollen, welche angeblich ununterscheidbar von solchen sind, die Ärzte treffen würden. <b>Damit droht eine Mechanisierung des Sterbens</b>. </span></li></ul><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Der Trend geht folglich dahin, dass <b>problematische Entscheidungen an daten-getriebene Algorithmen und Maschinen übertragen werden</b>, also von autonomen Systemen getroffen werden. In manchen Ländern scheinen solche Algorithmen-basierten Triage-Entscheidungen bereits im Einsatz zu sein. Damit wird der Mensch jedoch zum Objekt einer maschinellen Entscheidung gemacht, was mit der Menschenwürde nicht vereinbar ist. Außerdem wird mit der Verantwortungsverschiebung das Prinzip der Accountability untergraben. </span></li></ul><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Die diesen Algorithmen zugrundeliegenden Parameter werden, wie gesagt, direkt oder indirekt auch durch die Behandlungskosten mitbestimmt. Insofern führen politische Entscheidungen über medizinische Kostendeckel zwangsläufig zu Parameteränderungen, die darüber bestimmen, wieviele Menschen letztlich von Triage-Entscheidungen betroffen sind und früher sterben werden, auch, wenn das nicht beabsichtigt war. </span></li></ul><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Neben den Behandlungskosten spielen aber auch Daten zur gesundheitlichen Verfassung einer Person eine Rolle, die zum Teil durch Verhalten, Arbeit und Umwelt, zum Teil aber auch genetisch bedingt sind. Daher <b>ist im Ergebnis zu erwarten, dass die Kombination von Kostenoptimierung und daten-basierter, algorithmen-gestützter Medizin verstärkt zu eugenischen Selektions-Effekten führt. </b></span></li></ul><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Mit COVID-19 drohen (teil-)automatisierte Verfahren für Sterbeentscheidungen in den Klinikalltag einzuziehen</b>, womit <b>Triage-Maßnahmen</b> nicht mehr auf Kriegs- und Katastrophenfälle beschränkt wären, sondern <b>zum Normalfall zu werden drohen</b>. Durch die zunehmende Automatisierung der Prozesse entziehen sie sich dann zunehmend menschlichen Entscheidungen. In einer nicht nachhaltigen, „überbevölkerten“ Welt, ist zu befürchten, dass dies langfristig nicht gut ausgehen wird. </span></li></ul><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">In einigen europäischen Ländern werden Triage-Entscheidungen offenbar bereits seit einigen Jahren zur Optimierung der Krankenhauslogistik und „zur Verbesserung des Patientenflusses“ getroffen. Es ist daher zu befürchten, dass in der medizinischen Praxis geltendes Recht schon seit geraumer Zeit nicht immer korrekt angewandt wird. </span></li></ul><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">Mit Covid-19 ist die mangelnde Nachhaltigkeit unserer Gesellschaft auch in Europa zu einer Frage von Leben und Tod geworden. Die Umorganisation zu einer nachhaltigen Gesellschaft ist damit ein vordringliches politisches Problem, wofür zahlreiche umsetzbare Vorschläge vorliegen.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn7">[7]</a> Wir glauben allerdings, <b>dass Triage-Entscheidungen</b> nicht zu einem selbstverständlichen Bestandteil des gesellschaftlichen Lösungs-Arsenals werden dürfen. Hoch problematische Methoden, wie sie sonst nur im Kriegs- und Katastrophenzustand Einsatz finden, dürfen nicht zu einem „new Normal“ werden. Sie sind insbesondere <b>keine akzeptable Lösung für das Problem der globalen Überbevölkerung. <br /></b><br /> Wir haben oben erläutert, warum <b>im heutigen Gesundheitssystem unerwünschte genetische und soziale Selektionseffekte zu erwarten sind, die durch technische Innovationen weiter verstärkt zu werden drohen</b>. Um diese zu minimieren schlagen wir vor, dass medizinische Einrichtungen regelmäßig statistische Auswertungen über etwaige genetischen oder soziale Selektionseffekte erstellen sollten. Es besteht sonst die akute Gefahr, dass jene Menschen, die medizinische Unterstützung und gesellschaftliche Solidarität am Nötigsten hätten, von einem daten-getriebenen System, wie es sich heute abzeichnet, besonders benachteiligt werden. <br /><br /> <b>Unserer Einschätzung nach erfüllen die derzeitigen daten-basierten Ansätze die verfassungsrechtlichen Anforderungen (Gleichheitsgrundsatz, Selbstbestimmung, Recht auf Leben), Wissenschaftlichkeit (angesichts der Sensitivität der Verfahren) und politische Ziele (wie Gerechtigkeit) heute nur unzureichend. </b>Der Einsatz von Künstlicher Intelligenz und anderen digitalen Innovationen sollte aber so erfolgen, dass er fair ist. Andernfalls ist zu befürchten, dass der demokratische Gleichheitsgrundsatz zunehmend von diskriminierenden Scoring-Systemen ersetzt wird, was letzten Endes zu einer fundamental anderen Gesellschaft führen würde. <br /><br /> Obwohl verfassungsgemäße und faire daten-gestützte Methoden denkbar wären, scheinen die derzeit verwendeten Verfahren diesen Anforderungen nicht immer zu genügen. Nimmt man den Gleichheitsgrundsatz ernst, demzufolge kein menschliches Leben mehr als ein anderes zählen darf, dann müssten die Segnungen der modernen Medizin allen Menschen gleichermaßen zu Gute kommen. Dieses Fairnessgebot impliziert, dass gesundheitlich benachteiligte Menschen mit einer kürzeren Lebenserwartung pro Lebensjahr auch in Zukunft eine höhere Unterstützung erwarten dürfen. Das erfordert jedoch eine andere Nutzung daten-gestützter Methoden. <br /><br /> Statt dem oben beschriebenen System wäre beispielsweise ein Gesundheits- und Sozialsystem denkbar, in dem jeder Mensch eine bestimmte Anzahl von „Vouchern“ bekommt. Diese könnte man zum Einsatz bringen, wenn um es Entscheidungen geht, die für das eigene Leben individuell besonders wichtig sind. Insbesondere könnten sie genutzt werden, um algorithmen-basierte Entscheidungen zu „übertrumpfen“. Damit würde vermieden, dass Menschen zum Objekt von Algorithmen-Entscheidungen werden, und es entstünden neue Entscheidungsfreiräume im Sinne der Menschenwürde. <br /><br /> Im Laufe eines Lebens nicht genutzte Voucher (und die damit verfügbar werdenden Ressourcen) könnten zusätzlich für Personen eingesetzt werden, die besonders hilfsbedürftig sind. Dies soll nur ein Beispiel dafür sein, dass auch in einer Welt mit Ressourcen-Knappheiten individuelle Selbstbestimmung und soziale Verantwortung realisierbar sind, die in einem scheinbar optimalen, daten-getriebenen Gesundheitssystem heute wenig Platz haben. <br /><br /> Engpässe im Gesundheitssystem sind weder Naturgesetz noch gottgegeben, sondern ein menschengemachtes systemisches Problem. <b>Da es hier um Leben und Tod und um fundamentalste Grundrechte geht, handelt es sich um eine zentrale, vielleicht sogar die Wichtigste aller politischen Fragen im Zusammenhang mit der digitalen Gesellschaft.</b> Will die Politik ihrer Aufgabe gerecht werden und ihre Legitimität sicherstellen, muss sie solchen Fragen wesentlich mehr Platz einräumen. Wir sind zuversichtlich, dass eine breite gesellschaftliche Diskussion dieser Fragen zu den Einsichten, Lösungen und systemischen Veränderungen führen wird, die in einer lebenswerteren Gesellschaft und besseren Zukunft resultieren, wie wir sie uns alle wünschen. <br /> </span></p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFwZ6mQwWU4TNm77wHeShNg62S9pRM194PeRZTNKAp8o3LVFpF6eG4MQ1KeBrH2o9Wutgkwo8ghNmnTpuzD89syN1kTQUBNggnWW5wFu5JkAd7yYPLccvKCz39w9iuZY8XTdQi8dnH9GY/s498/1.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="498" data-original-width="382" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFwZ6mQwWU4TNm77wHeShNg62S9pRM194PeRZTNKAp8o3LVFpF6eG4MQ1KeBrH2o9Wutgkwo8ghNmnTpuzD89syN1kTQUBNggnWW5wFu5JkAd7yYPLccvKCz39w9iuZY8XTdQi8dnH9GY/s320/1.png" /></a></div><br /><b>Dirk Helbing</b> ist Professor für Computational Social Science am Department Geistes-, Sozial- und Staatswissenschaften der ETH Zürich und am Department of Computer Science assoziiert. Seine aktuellen Studien diskutieren global vernetzte Risiken und die digitale Gesellschaft. An der TU Delft leitet er das Doktorandenprogramm "Engineering Social Technologies for a Responsible Digital Future". Er ist zudem gewähltes Mitglied der Deutschen Akademie der Wissenschaften „Leopoldina“. <br /><br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCAj1cX6Ye-b1Sh9y6GxEUeHGlUzzIyOkiRovrxug8YEfCAzC7TLsxFFtRdx9V36uYbmdliJdRjp9jsoMvZQ8aO3ONj2TbOnVeSZbTpkOw3nu6UoBcLJC8eTbJU8jPo-l5HYsb9RfH_l0/s475/2.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="475" data-original-width="409" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCAj1cX6Ye-b1Sh9y6GxEUeHGlUzzIyOkiRovrxug8YEfCAzC7TLsxFFtRdx9V36uYbmdliJdRjp9jsoMvZQ8aO3ONj2TbOnVeSZbTpkOw3nu6UoBcLJC8eTbJU8jPo-l5HYsb9RfH_l0/s320/2.png" /></a></div><br /><b>Thomas Beschorner</b> ist Professor für Wirtschaftsethik und Direktor des Instituts für Wirtschaftsethik der Universität St.Gallen. Zu seinen Arbeitsfeldern zählen vielfältige Fragenstellungen im Bereich der Unternehmensverantwortung und im Bereich einer Ethik der Digitalisierung. <br /><br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyBQLOiqJB6BfjEIIJ6s43ILlhqPGzq0UcafJR6wf2qeIxdjYr4x8ypo7Px4-BkeFB1lOoyUvxpHUlAg8OA-E-euHbyN169wqaer8U3-CNzB5YEHYq4gP23KrODc0Siipnu26Ko35CSiI/s544/3.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="544" data-original-width="396" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyBQLOiqJB6BfjEIIJ6s43ILlhqPGzq0UcafJR6wf2qeIxdjYr4x8ypo7Px4-BkeFB1lOoyUvxpHUlAg8OA-E-euHbyN169wqaer8U3-CNzB5YEHYq4gP23KrODc0Siipnu26Ko35CSiI/s320/3.png" /></a></div><br /><b>Bruno Frey</b> ist Ökonom und Ständiger Gastprofessor an der Universität Basel, wo er das Center for Research in Economics and Well-Being (CREW) leitet. Er ist außerdem Forschungsdirektor des Centers for Research in Economics, Management and the Arts (CREMA). <br /><br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzKf7m5akfM3-aMHSQ4K2dqfp77c7s7mtj7JRlqekS1PrpQsb67r_yfCUSTEEqCn3DXIEro3oNbc82YeVOEZQJK1iA9KqBy-IPLKFUwW2W1PkbJw9ok4hx9t-oq0h76-2zbm_2p2B0_Kw/s254/4.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="254" data-original-width="170" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzKf7m5akfM3-aMHSQ4K2dqfp77c7s7mtj7JRlqekS1PrpQsb67r_yfCUSTEEqCn3DXIEro3oNbc82YeVOEZQJK1iA9KqBy-IPLKFUwW2W1PkbJw9ok4hx9t-oq0h76-2zbm_2p2B0_Kw/s0/4.jpg" /></a></div><br /><b>Andreas Diekmann</b> ist Seniorprofessor an der Universität Leipzig und Emeritus der ETH Zürich. Er lehrt an den Universitäten Leipzig und Zürich und befasst sich in seinen empirischen Forschungen mit digitalen Märkten und experimentellen Studien zur sozialen Kooperation. Auch er ist Mitglied der „Leopoldina“. <br /><br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCeUfAw1Qb4CeH8j_ewTKQ2FWADLA76AWsXwC_o6vbLruX24mNJA7_ykegW1_Js_Sype7w57i-PxAMvM-AVB5p-Lq6V3un8Hp6poXYND729HWcWuWVfcfkag68berazPi3deGQKoQeTUM/s392/Picture5.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="392" data-original-width="360" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCeUfAw1Qb4CeH8j_ewTKQ2FWADLA76AWsXwC_o6vbLruX24mNJA7_ykegW1_Js_Sype7w57i-PxAMvM-AVB5p-Lq6V3un8Hp6poXYND729HWcWuWVfcfkag68berazPi3deGQKoQeTUM/s320/Picture5.jpg" /></a></div><br /><b>Thilo Hagendorff</b> ist Post-Doc im Exzellenzcluster „Machine Learning“ sowie Projektleiter am Internationalen Zentrum für Ethik in den Wissenschaften an der Universität Tübingen. Sein Forschungsschwerpunkt liegt in der KI-Ethik. <br /><br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8jSeQpvoNGWC10uvSnDKhfsqQrIuQzx1Rp1Ca_8_nH4ErenfC-4mN9X14iZPa5szmUVStfIzawao0huATyX2nIpahY3XEEZi7-GynjOW7I_WIcc-VDuwqqFcBPZ_RakCCyJpIBO-6iQk/s394/Picture6.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="394" data-original-width="381" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8jSeQpvoNGWC10uvSnDKhfsqQrIuQzx1Rp1Ca_8_nH4ErenfC-4mN9X14iZPa5szmUVStfIzawao0huATyX2nIpahY3XEEZi7-GynjOW7I_WIcc-VDuwqqFcBPZ_RakCCyJpIBO-6iQk/s320/Picture6.jpg" /></a></div><br /><b>Peter Seele</b> arbeitet als Professor für Wirtschaftsethik an der Universität der italienischen Schweiz, USI Lugano. Seine Forschungsschwerpunkte sind Greenwashing, Maschinewashing, und die Maschinisierung von Mensch und Gesellschaft. <br /><br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_qcTDT0sEu_FUyBmludvZ4XDFKo4xVU_ViFk_Oc6GqjebB-su_egAPLZYIxfWehWkGGXWZnHfS6zg5pyusSMPygPEhuL6gxB54Hcv-EapPXwsOLzAhuY1lYVDP6lzgh-YIFngErqsujM/s445/Picture7.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="445" data-original-width="334" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_qcTDT0sEu_FUyBmludvZ4XDFKo4xVU_ViFk_Oc6GqjebB-su_egAPLZYIxfWehWkGGXWZnHfS6zg5pyusSMPygPEhuL6gxB54Hcv-EapPXwsOLzAhuY1lYVDP6lzgh-YIFngErqsujM/s320/Picture7.jpg" /></a></div><br /><b>Sarah Spiekermann</b> leitet das Institut für Wirtschaftsinformatik und Gesellschaft an der Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien. Sie ist als Buchautorin zur digitalen Ethik bekannt und als Expertin zu den Themen digitale Privatsphäre, Überwachungskapitalismus und Wertephilosphie. Überdies ist sie Vizevorsitzende des IEEE P7000 Standards, der einen Prozess für ethisches Systemdesign definiert. <br /><br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjD4tNGFrdDkbC5qsblqR716ptxlGz2FsWQq9RPN3HkWA_4KvZNUvhw2SsdJ77DaeNhNiQ2uVcsnLRCSU6tDuLXwLYwMZBj6q3X-LZ6O9MuvKBcyWlJfFvGPf3ABF_9trl5fy-XH6EgmOI/s421/Picture8.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="421" data-original-width="404" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjD4tNGFrdDkbC5qsblqR716ptxlGz2FsWQq9RPN3HkWA_4KvZNUvhw2SsdJ77DaeNhNiQ2uVcsnLRCSU6tDuLXwLYwMZBj6q3X-LZ6O9MuvKBcyWlJfFvGPf3ABF_9trl5fy-XH6EgmOI/s320/Picture8.png" /></a></div><br /><b>Jeroen van den Hoven</b> ist Ethik-Professor an der TU Delft, wo er am Thema „werte-sensitives Design“ arbeitet. Er sitzt in verschiedenen hochkarätigen Ethikgremien und ist Chef-Herausgeber des Journal of Ethics and Information Technology. Seine Kompetenz in schwierigen ethischen Sachfragen ist vielerorts geschätzt. <br /><br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjr_aS_jR95xNn67ZHVyOF2Dr1kioTD7v0jyDDo8VfeSvJqv8lOSGn2mphqYCwoMREjUbwz6Hm63iL89Eahqa2CHwLkjw5v4X8nQ8T9BsL3bncsBLCBAbfOBp5eroQ6HhVcU88cpoTwoLc/s505/Picture9.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="505" data-original-width="360" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjr_aS_jR95xNn67ZHVyOF2Dr1kioTD7v0jyDDo8VfeSvJqv8lOSGn2mphqYCwoMREjUbwz6Hm63iL89Eahqa2CHwLkjw5v4X8nQ8T9BsL3bncsBLCBAbfOBp5eroQ6HhVcU88cpoTwoLc/s320/Picture9.png" /></a></div><br /><b>Andrej Zwitter</b> ist Professor für Governance and Innovation und Wissenschaftlicher Direktor des Cyan Centre on Climate Change Adaptation sowie Dekan der Fakultät Campus Fryslan der Universität Groningen. Er ist Experte im Bereich Technology Governance und ist für seine Publikationen zu digitaler Ethik und Notstandsrecht bekannt. <br /><br /> <span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref1">[1]</a> Dieses Policy Paper wurde am 6. Mai 2021 durch die ZEIT Online in einem Artikel gefeatured: <br /><br />https://www.zeit.de/digital/2021-05/triage-software-notfallmedizin-algorithmus-kuenstliche-intelligenz-ethik <br /></span></span><p></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref2">[2]</a> https://www.bundesaerztekammer.de/fileadmin/user_upload/downloads/pdf-Ordner/International/Deklaration_von_Genf_DE_2017.pdf <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref3">[3]</a> https://daserste.ndr.de/panorama/archiv/2017/Der-Todesalgorithmus-Computer-berechnet-Lebenserwartung,todesalgorithmus112.html <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref4">[4]</a> Insbesondere variiert die mittlere Lebenserwartung in verschiedenen Ländern beträchtlich. Wird ein solcher Algorithmus also mit internationalen Daten gefüttert, besteht die Gefahr lebensverkürzender Entscheidungen in Ländern mit einer eigentlich überdurchschnittlichen Qualität des Gesundheitssystems. <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref5">[5]</a> https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/wo-man-versichert-ist-kann-ueber-leben-oder-tod-entscheiden-752186910381 <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref6">[6]</a> Nicht selten kommt es vor, dass ethnische, soziale, genetische und Verhaltens-Faktoren miteinander korrelieren. <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref7">[7]</a> Insbesondere wurden von den Unterstützern dieses Textes selber zahlreiche innovative Lösungsansätze vorgeschlagen. </span></span></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5335071719468565406.post-90555941157877347902021-04-04T16:45:00.001+01:002021-04-04T16:47:01.839+01:00 Todesalgorithmen und andere Erfindungen im digitalen Zeitalter<p> </p><p><span style="color: #04ff00;"><i>Die
digitale Revolution würde unsere ganze Gesellschaft umwälzen – das
ahnten wir ja schon. Aber wird sie auch eine lebenswerte Zukunft
schaffen? Diese bange Frage wird immer drängender in dieser Corona-Zeit,
in der die digitale Überwachung immer invasiver wird und Algorithmen
über Leben und Tod entscheiden. Kommt jetzt wirklich bald das digitale
Paradies, oder haben wir uns verirrt? Sind wir womöglich gar in eine
Dystopie geraten? Was können wir tun? </i></span><br /><br />Wir leben in
einer Welt, in der wir an den Fortschritt glauben. Nirgendwo sind wir in
den letzten Jahren so begeistert vorangestürmt wie bei der
Digitalisierung. Schon zum Greifen nah schien das digitale Paradies, in
dem Algorithmen-gesteuert alles von selber läuft, von der Produktion bis
zum selbstfahrenden Auto; in dem automatisch Milch und Honig fließen
(dank Internet-of-Things-Kühlschrank); in dem personalisierte
Urlaubsangebote mit einem Klick gebucht werden können; in dem „Alexa“
unser Leben erleichtert; in dem das perfekte Liebesdate lockt – dank
Dating-App; in dem Krankheiten eliminiert werden sollen und Körper
technisch aufgerüstet. Vielleicht würden wir bald ewig leben, so hoffte
mancher schon. Doch dann kam Corona... <br /><br />Im Grund wusste man, dass
irgendwann wieder eine Pandemie um die Welt gehen würde – und mit einer
gewissen Chance würde es eine Lungenkrankheit sein. Die
Datenschutzgesetze und Menschenrechte waren ebenfalls keine
Überraschung. Dennoch war man schockierend schlecht vorbereitet.
Wochenlang gab es Lieferengpässe – sogar bei Desinfektionsmitteln und
Masken. Mehrfach mussten Krankenstatistiken und wichtige Indikatoren
korrigiert werden. Messergebnisse waren unzuverlässig, nicht einmal
repräsentativ. Prognosen führten in die Irre. Menschen starben
massenweise – oftmals an Triage. Zahlreiche Unternehmen lagen am Boden.
Viele Selbständige verzweifelten. Politiker wussten nicht mehr ein noch
aus. <br /><br />Indessen überschlugen sich Unternehmer flugs mit innovativen Vorschlägen: elektronische IDs<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn1">[1]</a> und Immunitätsausweise<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn2">[2]</a> standen bereit. Klaus Schwab wollte gleich den „Great Reset“ mit dem World Economic Forum.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn3">[3]</a> Auch ein „Internet of Bodies“ stand zur Debatte.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn4">[4]</a> Man könnte doch am besten gleich den Gesundheitszustand im Körper ausmessen und automatisch weiterfunken.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn5">[5]</a>
Keiner der Vorschläge schien so richtig mit dem Grundgesetz vereinbar.
Gut fanden sie vor allem die Unternehmen, die auf spektakuläre Gewinne
hofften – doch oft genug scheiterten sie an der gesellschaftlichen
Realität. <br /><br />Hat die Digitalisierung sich verlaufen? Zeit für eine
Zwischenbilanz! Lange Zeit waren wir mit der Plattform-Ökonomie
zufrieden. Sie lieferte uns bequeme und zeitsparende Lösungen. Doch sie
läuft nicht mehr rund. Kartell-Verfahren beklagen schwere
Marktverzerrungen.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn6">[6]</a> Demokratische Wahlen wurden im großen Stil manipuliert.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn7">[7]</a> Die Digitalisierung schaffte ein neues Präkariat.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn8">[8]</a>
Soziale Medien förderten Hate Speech. Fake News wurden zur globalen
digitalen Seuche – vielleicht nicht weniger gefährlich als Corona.
Kurzum, das Vertrauen ins daten-getriebene Zeitalter hatte beträchtlich
gelitten. Und das hat seine Gründe. <br /><br />Eine nachhaltige Wirtschaft?
Fehlanzeige! Demokratieplattformen? Nicht vorhanden! Digitale
Katastrophen-Assistenten. Eile mit Weile! Apps für umweltfreundlichen
Konsum? In Arbeit! Partizipative Gesundheitsplattformen? Nicht
erwünscht! Mein Urteil mag vielleicht zu harsch sein, aber die
Hauptentwicklungen der Digitalisierung lagen sicher woanders. <br /><br />Oftmals
hörte man das Credo: „Die Demokratie ist eine veraltete Technologie.“
Peter Thiel sorgte sich vor allem darum, den Kapitalismus sicher vor der
Politik zu machen.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn9">[9]</a> Facebook’s Motto war gleich: „Move fast and break things.“<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn10">[10]</a>
Derweil machten sich Elon Musk, Apple-Mitbegründer Steve Wozniak, und
sogar Bill Gates Sorgen um die Folgen von Superintelligenz.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn11">[11]</a>
Man hielt ihnen entgegen, man könne der KI ja jederzeit den Stecker
ziehen. Doch stattdessen zog man den Stecker bei den COVID-19-Patienten.
<br /><br />Derweil ist der Zustand der Demokratien ebenfalls kritisch. Ehemalige Datenschützer<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn12">[12]</a> warnen genauso wie ehemalige Bundesrats-<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn13">[13]</a> und Verfassungsgerichtspräsidenten.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn14">[14]</a>
Ihr Bücher kommen gegen die Aufmerksamkeitsökonomie nicht an. Die
anonyme demokratische Wahl – wurde mit Big Data gehackt. Nicht nur
schaut man virtuell gewissermaßen heimlich in die Wahlkabine.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn15">[15]</a> Auch werden die Entscheidungen mit personalisierten Informationen gezielt manipuliert.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn16">[16]</a>
Diese Art der Rattenfängerei höhlt das „one person one vote“ Prinzip
aus. Wer mehr Werbedollar investiert, kann mehr Menschen den Kopf
verdrehen. Die Dokumentation „The Great Hack“<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn17">[17]</a> haben Sie vielleicht gesehen. Ehemalige Cambridge-Analytica-Angestellte sprechen von Mindf*ck<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn18">[18]</a> und von Datendiktatur.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn19">[19]</a> <br /></p><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #04ff00;">Profiling, Targeting, Scoring... </span> </h2><p>Die
gängigen Methoden des Überwachungskapitalismus sind das „Profiling“
(d.h. die Erstellung digitaler Dossiers) und das „Targeting“ (die
gezielte Manipulation). Im Rahmen des personalisierten „Neuromarketing“<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn20">[20]</a> – auch „Big Nudging“<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn21">[21]</a>
genannt – werden diese vielfach zu Werbezwecken eingesetzt. Sie sind
aber auch Bestandteil des täglich tobenden globalen Informations- und
Propaganda-Krieges,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn22">[22]</a>
weswegen wir wohl die Fake News Plage haben. Zur Begegnung dieses
Problems greifen auch bei uns Zensurmethoden zunehmend um sich.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn23">[23]</a> <br /><br /> Ein weiteres Prinzip ist das „Scoring“.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn24">[24]</a>
Im Zusammenhang mit China’s „Social Credit Score“ wurde die Methode als
totalitäres Kontrollinstrument des Staates berühmt-berüchtigt.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn25">[25]</a>
Indessen untergraben Scoring-Methoden (wie der „Customer Lifetime
Value“) auch im Westen die Menschenwürde. Scores werden genutzt, um
Business-Prozesse zu optimieren. Doch dadurch werden Menschen wie Dinge
verwaltet. Darüber hinaus wird Diskriminierung zum Geschäftsprinzip.
Nicht nur bekommen wir für die gleiche Leistung unterschiedliche,
„personalisierte“ Preise in Rechnung gestellt. Wir bekommen auch andere
Angebote angezeigt. Vielleicht werden Ihnen bestimmte Produkte und
Services gleich ganz vorenthalten. Ihre und meine digital „kuratierte“
Welt unterscheiden sich massiv. Im Einzelnen haben wir leider keine
Ahnung wie. Auch wissen wir nicht, welche „sozialen Ingenieure“ für die
Verhaltens- und Gesellschaftssteuerung<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn26">[26]</a>
verantwortlich sind. Man darf bezweifeln, ob sie immer qualifiziert und
legitimiert sind. Ist womöglich gar der Nürnberger Kodex<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn27">[27]</a> tangiert? <br /><br />Lawrence Lessig warnte uns noch, indem er sagte: „Code is law“.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn28">[28]</a>
Algorithmen bestimmen immer mehr, was geht und was nicht – ganz am
Parlament vorbei. Nicht nur die Demokratie ist weitgehend Makulatur
geworden, dank digitaler Revolution. Das Gleiche gilt auch für den
Rechtsstaat. „Predictive Policing“-Methoden<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn29">[29]</a>
machen das Prinzip Unschuldsvermutung null und nichtig. Ihr zufolge
hätte als unschuldig zu gelten und wäre vor willkürlichem Zugriff zu
schützen, wer nicht aufgrund von rechtsstaatlich erlangten Beweisen
angeklagt und in einem öffentlichen, fairen Prozess schuldig gesprochen
wurde. Doch spätestens seit dem „Karma Police“ Programm des britischen
Geheimdienstes GCHQ<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn30">[30]</a>
werden wir Bürgerinnen und Bürger ausnahmslos durchleuchtet – nicht nur
auf mögliche Rechtsverletzungen, sondern auch auf ihre Gesinnung,
Geschmack und Persönlichkeit. Wurde hier illegal eine Art digitales
Jüngstes Gericht installiert? Und fällt es neuerdings auch Todesurteile?
<br /><br />Zunehmend ist von algorithmen-basierten Sterbe-Entscheidungen<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn31">[31]</a> und Todesalgorithmen<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn32">[32]</a>
die Rede. Sie werden jetzt vielleicht denken, die schrecklichen
Triage-Entscheidungen der jüngsten Zeit hätten mit Covid-19 zu tun,
nicht mit der Digitalisierung. Doch vermutlich liegen Sie da falsch.
Denn die Diskussionen um mangelnde Nachhaltigkeit, Überbevölkerung und
Populationskontrolle begannen schon vorher.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn33">[33]</a> <br /><br />Noch vor fünf Jahren warnte die FAZ:<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn34">[34]</a>
„Big Data ist Big Business. Die Sammlung und die Verknüpfung von
Informationen über Menschen im Netz bringen Milliarden ein. Und die
Methoden werden immer abgefeimter und perfekter. Es ist Zeit, dagegen
vorzugehen.“ Nun aber wird eine daten-getriebene Methode zur
Echtzeit-Prognose der Covid19-Mortalität vorgeschlagen, abgestützt auf
eine Gesundheitsdatenbank<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn35">[35]</a>
– das elektronische Patientendossier lässt grüßen. So können Prognosen
zu Lebenserwartungen in algorithmen-basierte Entscheidungen über Leben
und Tod übersetzt werden.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn36">[36]</a> Insbesondere lässt sich das System für Triage-Entscheidungen verwenden. <br /><br />Bereits 2020 war in „MIT Technology Review“ von einem Triage-Tool zu lesen, das wohl noch lange im Einsatz sein würde.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn37">[37]</a> Auch die Organisation von Triage-Entscheidungen ist algorithmisch codifiziert.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn38">[38]</a>
In Übereinstimmung mit der Verfassung ist das alles wohl nicht. Doch
den Rechtsstaat kümmert der „Todschlag durch Unterlassen“ bisher wenig.
Hat man überhaupt schon begriffen, was da gerade passiert?<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn39">[39]</a> <br /></p><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #04ff00;">Trolley-Problem: Das kleinere Übel?</span><br /></h2><p>In jüngster Zeit stützte sich die Triage-Debatte oftmals auf das „Trolley-Problem“ ab.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn40">[40]</a> Hier geht es um die Frage, wer sterben muss, wenn nicht alle leben können.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn41">[41]</a> Die Debatte wurde im Zusammenhang mit autonomen Fahrzeugen zum Megathema gehyped.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn42">[42]</a> Vordergründig ging es darum, Menschenleben zu retten.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn43">[43]</a> De facto jedoch wurde das verfassungsgemäße Prinzip, demzufolge jedes Menschenleben gleichwertig zu behandeln sei,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn44">[44]</a>
durch das Prinzip des „geringeren Übels“ ersetzt, das weder mit dem
Gleichheitsprinzip noch mit dem Recht auf Leben vereinbar ist.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn45">[45]</a> <br /><br />Ehe
man sich versah, hatten soziale Ingenieure eine unterschiedliche
Wertigkeit des Lebens eingeführt, die man mit dem „Moral Machine
Experiment“<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn46">[46]</a> flugs zu ermitteln versuchte. „Oma oder Obdachlosen überfahren?“ titelten Zeitungsartikel entsetzt über das makabre Experiment.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn47">[47]</a>
Damit zog das gnadenlose utilitaristische Nutzen-Denken vollends ins
Gesundheitssystem ein, in dem einst die Menschenwürde im Vordergrund
stehen sollte. Das Ziel individueller Gesundheit wurde durch das Ziel
„gesellschaftlicher Gesundheit“ ersetzt. Und so werden heute
Triage-Entscheidungen vielerorts nicht mehr nur in Kriegen und
kriegsähnlichen Katastrophenlagen getroffen – sondern auch zur
Optimierung von Patientenfluss und Krankenhauslogistik.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn48">[48]</a> Inzwischen ist wieder von „Eugenik“ die Rede.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn49">[49]</a> <br /><br />Andere
machten sich gar nicht erst die Mühe, mit Kostendeckeln,
Kapazitätsengpässen oder Trolleyproblemen zu argumentieren. Sie sprachen
gleich von computer-gestützter Euthanasie.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn50">[50]</a>
Denn genau darum schien es hier zu gehen: um Wege zur Reduktion der
„Überbevölkerung“, wie sie in der Vergangenheit gefordert wurden. Doch
wer solche Wege empfiehlt oder auch nur toleriert, dem muss klar sein,
dass derzeit jährlich bis zu 80 Millionen Menschen zusätzlich sterben
müssten, um die Weltbevölkerung konstant zu halten.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn51">[51]</a> Das entspricht der Zahl der Opfer des 2. Weltkriegs und des Holocaust zusammen – jedes Jahr! Es wäre ein wahnsinniger Plan. <br /><br />Dabei
war es nur soweit gekommen, weil man die Natur vollkommen aus dem
Gleichgewicht gebracht hatte. Anfang der 70er Jahre wurde klar, dass im
21. Jahrhundert mangels Nachhaltigkeit Umweltkatastrophen und
Ressourcenknappheiten wahrscheinlich waren.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn52">[52]</a>
Dennoch exportierte man die ressourcenverschwendende Wirtschaftsweise
der Industrienationen in die ganze Welt. Der Ressourcenverbrauch wuchs
um ein Vielfaches. Sogar der Energieverbrauch pro Kopf stieg sprunghaft.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn53">[53]</a>
Mit dem Erdölverbrauch wuchs die Weltbevölkerung über Jahrzehnte
proportional. Es war eigentlich klar, was zu tun war. Doch nun führten
jene, die die Katastrophe auf den Weg gebracht hatten, ebendiese als
Argument an, um ein Grundrecht nach dem anderen auszuhebeln. <br /><br />Das
„Prinzip des kleineren Übels“ führt schnell zu Willkür. Je schlimmer
die Situation, desto weniger Regeln und Gesetze sind zu beachten. Das
schafft Fehlanreize für die Mächtigen. So lässt sich alles aushebeln,
was uns lieb und teuer ist – unsere Menschenrechte vor allem. Wo doch
die Menschenwürde eigentlich ein ewiges und unveräußerliches Recht ist,
das wir per Geburt erhalten. Es ist das fundamentalste Recht, das
demokratische Politiker mit allen Mitteln verteidigen müssten. Geschieht
das unzureichend oder nicht, verliert der Staat als solches
Legitimität. Es ist an der Zeit, dass Wissenschaftler und Ingenieure,
Politiker, Richter und Journalisten Farbe bekennen. Ansonsten droht uns
die digitale Geburt eines autoritären oder gar totalitären Regimes, das
Elemente von Feudalismus, Kommunismus und Faschismus daten-getrieben neu
erfindet. <br /><br />Die Parallelen zu früheren Zeiten sind kaum mehr zu
leugnen. Viele heutige Gesellschaftsformen enthalten Elemente wie
Planwirtschaft, Orwell’sche Massenüberwachung, unethische Experimente
mit Menschen (ohne ihr vorheriges Einverständnis), social Engineering
und Mind Control,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn54">[54]</a>
Propaganda und Zensur, Versuche der (Gesinnungs-)Gleichschaltung,
staatliche Kontrolle oder Paternalismus, großflächiges Policing (mit
Programmen wie PreCrime), Einführung unterschiedlicher Wertigkeit von
Menschen, Infragestellung von Menschenrechten, Einführung verschiedener
Rechte für verschiedene Bürger, je nach „Relevanz“, im schlimmsten Fall
sogar Triage oder Euthanasie. <br /></p><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #04ff00;">„Digitales Paradies“ oder Paradigmenwechsel?</span><br /></h2><p style="text-align: left;">Wir
haben uns auf das „digitale Paradies“ gefreut. Doch jetzt diskutieren
wir darüber, ob wenigstens Geimpfte aus dem Quasi-Hausarrest des
Lockdowns irgendwann entlassen werden können. Wir sprechen über
„Dichtestress“ und „systemrelevante Menschen“. Menschen, die sich dem
System unterordnen, sollen Privilegien erhalten, so der Vorschlag. Für
die anderen scheint kein Platz mehr in der Gesellschaft zu sein. Sie
werden aussortiert. Das heißt jetzt wohl „new Normal“. Die einstigen
Utopien sind in eine Dystopie umgeschlagen – einen Überwachungsalptraum,
in dem Künstliche Intelligenz daten-getrieben über Menschen zunehmend
bestimmt. Sie haben keine reale Chance mehr, mitzubestimmen oder sich zu
wehren. <br /><br />Wie konnte es nur soweit kommen? Steckt womöglich ein kapitaler Denkfehler dahinter? <br /><br />Zunächst
sollten wir die Idee hinterfragen, dass wir nun zu Maschinenmenschen
(„Cyborgs“) werden sollten, um am Ende Unsterblichkeit zu erreichen,
indem wir unsere Hirninhalte und Persönlichkeit in die Cloud hochladen.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn55">[55]</a>
Gemäß ihrem „Glaubensbekenntnis“ muss ein Transhumanist unter anderem
sein eigenes Leben über alles stellen und nach Omnipotenz streben.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn56">[56]</a>
Doch würden wir uns nun alle technisch aufrüsten, dann würden sich die
Konflikte in der Welt nur weiter verschärfen. Für die meisten Menschen
ginge das nicht gut aus. Einige glauben sogar, es könnte das Ende der
Menschheit bedeuten.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn57">[57]</a> <br /><br />Während manche – wie Ray Kurzweil – davon träumen, dank Digitalisierung zu Göttern zu werden,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn58">[58]</a> sind andere eher skeptisch. Steve Wozniak, Mitbegründer von Apple, etwa fragt:<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn59">[59]</a>
„Werden wir wie Götter sein? Werden wir wie Haustieren sein? Oder
werden wir wie Ameisen sein, die man achtlos zertritt?“ KI-Pionier
Jürgen Schmidhuber glaubt an die Singularität und menschengemachte
künstliche Superintelligenz. Für ihn werden Menschen einst wie Katzen
sein.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn60">[60]</a>
Hört sich das wie eine bessere Zukunft an? Wollen wir das? Oder begehen
wir da einen fatalen Fehler? Elon Musk zum Beispiel warnt: „Ich denke,
hinsichtlich Künstlicher Intelligenz sollten wir äußerst vorsichtig
sein. Wenn ich schätzen sollte, was unsere größte existenzielle
Bedrohung ist, dann ist es wahrscheinlich das.“<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn61">[61]</a> <br /><br />Wenn
Sie mich fragen, braucht es dringend einen Paradigmenwechsel. Zunächst
einmal sind Menschen keine biologischen Roboter. Wir sind nicht einfach
nur rücksichtslose Optimierer, wie es uns oft suggeriert wird. Wir sind
empathisch, haben ein soziales Gehirn. Das macht uns zu einer
kooperativen Spezies – der wohl erfolgreichsten auf der Erde. Was unser
Leben menschlich und lebenswert macht, das lässt sich schwer in Zahlen
fassen: Menschenwürde, Bewusstsein, Liebe, Freiheit, Kreativität. In
einer daten-getriebenen Gesellschaft droht das unter die Räder zu
kommen. Denn alles, dessen Wert nicht in Zahlen beziffert werden kann
oder wird, wird wegoptimiert. <br /><br /></p><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #04ff00;">Eine bessere Welt, aber wie? </span></h2><p><br />Damit
sind wir bei einem weiteren wichtigen Thema angekommen: der Optimierung
der Welt. Dank Informationstechnologie haben Produktion und Logistik
einen Effizienzrekord nach dem anderen gebrochen. Warum also sollten wir
nicht gleich die ganze Welt optimieren? Nun, erstens, weil trotz aller
Effizienzsteigerungen der Ressourcenverbrauch der Welt weiter explodiert
ist. Das Nachhaltigkeitsproblem wurde also keineswegs entschärft – es
vergrößerte sich sogar. Dennoch hat sich das utilitaristische Denken der
Nutzenmaximierung weitestgehend durchgesetzt. <br /><br />Man müsse nur
alle externen Effekte unseres Handelns und Wirtschaftens in Dollar
beziffern, dann würde schon alles gut, heißt es. Eine CO2-Steuer würde
das Klimaproblem lösen. Auch der Mangel an Organen wäre so zu lösen –
mit marktwirtschaftlichen Methoden. Da war es nur konsequent, dass in
China Menschen – angeblich auch gegen ihren Willen – Organe entnommen
wurden.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn62">[62]</a> Betroffen waren vor allem die geringst-bewerteten Volksgruppen. <br /><br />Gemäß
dieser Logik würden nun nicht nur Organe, sondern auch alle Menschen
einen Citizen Score zugeordnet bekommen, der ihren gesellschaftlichen
Wert ausdrückte. Damit nahm eine Art apokalyptischer Endzeitkapitalismus
seinen Lauf. Zahlen bestimmten jetzt, wer noch etwas vom Leben zu
erwarten hatte und wer nicht<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn63">[63]</a> – ähnlich wie das schon zuvor im Nationalsozialismus der Fall war.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn64">[64]</a> <br /><br />Es
ist irritierend, dass Optimierung anscheinend nicht zwangsläufig zu
einer lebenswerteren Zukunft führt. Doch das hat seine Gründe. Denn
Optimierung basiert auf einer Zielfunktion, und die ist letztlich
eindimensional<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn65">[65]</a>. Dadurch drängt ein einziges Ziel alle anderen, inkompatiblen Ziele in den Hintergrund. <br /><br />Optimieren
Sie nur lange genug ein einziges Ziel, so wird die Vernachlässigung der
anderen Ziele zu Problemen führen. Natürlich können Sie die
Zielfunktion dann ändern (z.B. von der Maximierung von Profit zur
Minimierung von CO2). Aber dennoch führt der Denkansatz zu einer
Politik, die ständig damit beschäftigt ist, neue Brandherde zu löschen.
<br /><br />Die Natur funktioniert anders. Sie hat die ressourcenschonende
Kreislaufwirtschaft bereits erfunden, die wir in unserem ökonomischen
System verzweifelt zu schaffen versuchen. Sie erreichte das nicht durch
Optimierung, sondern durch Ko-Evolution. An vielen Orten zugleich
passieren mannigfaltige Verbesserungen (durch Mutation und Selektion –
gewissermaßen durch Innovation). Und zahlreiche Feedback-Loops führen zu
einem oft symbiotischen Zusammenwirken. <br /><br />Nicht dass die Natur
perfekt wäre, doch wir können noch viel von ihr lernen. Das
Erfolgsrezept liegt in zahlreichen Synergie-Effekten.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn66">[66]</a>
Diese sind eine Frage der Netzwerkstrukturen und Interaktionen – also
dessen, was sich zwischen Subjekten und Objekten abspielt. Häufig sind
es also unsichtbare, immaterielle Beziehungen, die über das Ergebnis
entscheiden. Passen die Interaktionen, dann resultieren Koordination und
Kooperation, kollektive Intelligenz und Ordnung, häufig sogar durch
Selbstorganisation.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn67">[67]</a> Andernfalls resultieren Instabilität und Kaskadeneffekte, Chaos und Desaster.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn68">[68]</a> <br /><br />Die Digitalisierung gibt uns nun die Mittel an die Hand, das Ergebnis zu entscheiden.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn69">[69]</a>
Mit dem Internet der Dinge lassen sich multi-dimensionale, lokale
Feedbacks etablieren, die für positive Interaktionen und Netzwerkeffekte
sorgen. Stellen wir es geschickt an, dann braucht es dafür keine
globale Massenüberwachung, Profiling, Targeting und Kontrolle.
Digitalisierung, Demokratie, Menschenrechte, Nachhaltigkeit und
Resilienz sind keine Widersprüche! Doch es braucht einen neuen
Denkansatz, um sie gegenseitig zu versöhnen und zu verbessern.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn70">[70]</a> Mit dem Konzept eines sozio-ökologischen Finanzsystems 4.0 haben wir den ersten Schritt getan.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn71">[71]</a> Jetzt liegt es an uns allen, damit Frieden und Prosperität – und eine bessere Zukunft zu schaffen.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn72">[72]</a> Technologischer Totalitarismus oder digitale Demokratie.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftn73">[73]</a> Sie haben die Wahl. Entscheiden Sie sich bitte! Jetzt. <br /><br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref1">[1]</a> <a href="https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/digital-id-covid19-human-rights-surveillance-technology-by-dirk-helbing-and-peter-seele-2020-09">https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/digital-id-covid19-human-rights-surveillance-technology-by-dirk-helbing-and-peter-seele-2020-09</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref2">[2]</a> <a href="https://www.dw.com/de/corona-pandemie-ethikrat-gegen-immunit%C3%A4tsausweis/a-55017210">https://www.dw.com/de/corona-pandemie-ethikrat-gegen-immunitätsausweis/a-55017210</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref3">[3]</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Reset">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Reset</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref4">[4]</a> <a href="https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/06/internet-of-bodies-covid19-recovery-governance-health-data/">https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/06/internet-of-bodies-covid19-recovery-governance-health-data/</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref5">[5]</a> <a href="https://www.rand.org/blog/articles/2020/10/the-internet-of-bodies-will-change-everything-for-better-or-worse.html">https://www.rand.org/blog/articles/2020/10/the-internet-of-bodies-will-change-everything-for-better-or-worse.html</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref6">[6]</a> <a href="https://www.wiwo.de/politik/europa/amazon-google-und-co-eu-nimmt-den-kampf-gegen-internetgiganten-auf/26609398.html">https://www.wiwo.de/politik/europa/amazon-google-und-co-eu-nimmt-den-kampf-gegen-internetgiganten-auf/26609398.html</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref7">[7]</a> <a href="https://www.faz.net/aktuell/feuilleton/medien/cambridge-analytica-manipulierte-waehler-weltweit-16568193.html">https://www.faz.net/aktuell/feuilleton/medien/cambridge-analytica-manipulierte-waehler-weltweit-16568193.html</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref8">[8]</a> <a href="https://www.derstandard.at/story/2000078786980/arbeitsforscherin-die-digitalisierung-kreiert-ein-neues-prekariat">https://www.derstandard.at/story/2000078786980/arbeitsforscherin-die-digitalisierung-kreiert-ein-neues-prekariat</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref9">[9]</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/peter-thiel-is-trying-to-save-the-world-2016-12">https://www.businessinsider.com/peter-thiel-is-trying-to-save-the-world-2016-12</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref10">[10]</a> <a href="https://www.amazon.com/Move-Fast-Break-Things-Undermined/dp/0316275778">https://www.amazon.com/Move-Fast-Break-Things-Undermined/dp/0316275778</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref11">[11]</a> <a href="https://observer.com/2015/08/stephen-hawking-elon-musk-and-bill-gates-warn-about-artificial-intelligence/">https://observer.com/2015/08/stephen-hawking-elon-musk-and-bill-gates-warn-about-artificial-intelligence/</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref12">[12]</a> <a href="https://www.aufbau-verlag.de/index.php/uberwachung-total.html">https://www.aufbau-verlag.de/index.php/uberwachung-total.html</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref13">[13]</a> <a href="https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/lammert-warnt-vor-einem-ausbluten-der-demokratie-15184290.html">https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/lammert-warnt-vor-einem-ausbluten-der-demokratie-15184290.html</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref14">[14]</a> <a href="https://www.nzz.ch/international/hans-juergen-papier-warnt-vor-aushoehlung-der-grundrechte-ld.1582544">https://www.nzz.ch/international/hans-juergen-papier-warnt-vor-aushoehlung-der-grundrechte-ld.1582544</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref15">[15]</a> <a href="https://www.silicon.de/41575201/obama-wahlsieg-dank-big-data-und-analytics">https://www.silicon.de/41575201/obama-wahlsieg-dank-big-data-und-analytics</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref16">[16]</a> <a href="https://www.extremetech.com/extreme/245014-meet-sneaky-facebook-powered-propaganda-ai-might-just-know-better-know">https://www.extremetech.com/extreme/245014-meet-sneaky-facebook-powered-propaganda-ai-might-just-know-better-know</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref17">[17]</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Great_Hack">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Great_Hack</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref18">[18]</a> <a href="https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/604375/mindfck-by-christopher-wylie/">https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/604375/mindfck-by-christopher-wylie/</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref19">[19]</a> <a href="https://www.harpercollins.de/products/die-datendiktatur-wie-wahlen-manipuliert-werden-9783959673907">https://www.harpercollins.de/products/die-datendiktatur-wie-wahlen-manipuliert-werden-9783959673907</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref20">[20]</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuromarketing">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuromarketing</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref21">[21]</a> <a href="https://www.spektrum.de/kolumne/big-nudging-zur-problemloesung-wenig-geeignet/1375930">https://www.spektrum.de/kolumne/big-nudging-zur-problemloesung-wenig-geeignet/1375930</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref22">[22]</a> <a href="https://www.droemer-knaur.de/buch/yvonne-hofstetter-der-unsichtbare-krieg-9783426277867">https://www.droemer-knaur.de/buch/yvonne-hofstetter-der-unsichtbare-krieg-9783426277867</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref23">[23]</a> <a href="https://nzzas.nzz.ch/kultur/social-media-sind-die-neue-globale-zensurbehoerde-ld.1528410">https://nzzas.nzz.ch/kultur/social-media-sind-die-neue-globale-zensurbehoerde-ld.1528410</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref24">[24]</a> <a href="https://www.pcwelt.de/ratgeber/Superscoring-Wie-wertvoll-sind-Sie-fuer-die-Gesellschaft-10633488.html">https://www.pcwelt.de/ratgeber/Superscoring-Wie-wertvoll-sind-Sie-fuer-die-Gesellschaft-10633488.html</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref25">[25]</a> <a href="https://www.economist.com/briefing/2016/12/17/china-invents-the-digital-totalitarian-state">https://www.economist.com/briefing/2016/12/17/china-invents-the-digital-totalitarian-state</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref26">[26]</a> <a href="https://www.leopoldina.org/politikberatung/wissenschaftliche-kommissionen/digitalisierte-gesellschaft/bessere-menschen-durch-digitale-technologien/">https://www.leopoldina.org/politikberatung/wissenschaftliche-kommissionen/digitalisierte-gesellschaft/bessere-menschen-durch-digitale-technologien/</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref27">[27]</a> <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberger_Kodex">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nürnberger_Kodex</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref28">[28]</a> <a href="https://www.basicbooks.com/titles/lawrence-lessig/code/9780786721962/">https://www.basicbooks.com/titles/lawrence-lessig/code/9780786721962/</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref29">[29]</a> <a href="https://www.republik.ch/2020/12/11/die-polizei-weiss-was-sie-morgen-vielleicht-tun-werden">https://www.republik.ch/2020/12/11/die-polizei-weiss-was-sie-morgen-vielleicht-tun-werden</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref30">[30]</a> <a href="https://theintercept.com/2015/09/25/gchq-radio-porn-spies-track-web-users-online-identities/">https://theintercept.com/2015/09/25/gchq-radio-porn-spies-track-web-users-online-identities/</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref31">[31]</a> <a href="https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/artificial-intelligence-resilience-covid19-climate-change-by-dirk-helbing-and-peter-seele-2020-11">https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/artificial-intelligence-resilience-covid19-climate-change-by-dirk-helbing-and-peter-seele-2020-11</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref32">[32]</a> <a href="http://www.passagen.at/cms/index.php?id=62&isbn=9783709204177">http://www.passagen.at/cms/index.php?id=62&isbn=9783709204177</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref33">[33]</a> <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-11-05/scientists-call-for-population-control-in-mass-climate-alarm">https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-11-05/scientists-call-for-population-control-in-mass-climate-alarm</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref34">[34]</a> <a href="http://people.tuebingen.mpg.de/bs/faz-monopol-auf-daten.pdf">http://people.tuebingen.mpg.de/bs/faz-monopol-auf-daten.pdf</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref35">[35]</a> <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-20816-7">https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-20816-7</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref36">[36]</a> <a href="https://daserste.ndr.de/panorama/archiv/2017/Der-Todesalgorithmus-Computer-berechnet-Lebenserwartung,todesalgorithmus112.html">https://daserste.ndr.de/panorama/archiv/2017/Der-Todesalgorithmus-Computer-berechnet-Lebenserwartung,todesalgorithmus112.html</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref37">[37]</a> <a href="https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/04/23/1000410/ai-triage-covid-19-patients-health-care/">https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/04/23/1000410/ai-triage-covid-19-patients-health-care/</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref38">[38]</a> <a href="https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/modelling-the-social-practices-of-an-emergency-room-to-ensure-sta">https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/modelling-the-social-practices-of-an-emergency-room-to-ensure-sta</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref39">[39]</a> <a href="http://futurict.blogspot.com/2021/01/es-geht-um-ihr-leben-warum-wir-eine.html">http://futurict.blogspot.com/2021/01/es-geht-um-ihr-leben-warum-wir-eine.html</a>, <a href="http://futurict.blogspot.com/2021/02/es-geht-um-ihr-leben-warum-wir-eine.html">http://futurict.blogspot.com/2021/02/es-geht-um-ihr-leben-warum-wir-eine.html</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref40">[40]</a> <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6642460/">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6642460/</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref41">[41]</a> <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trolley-Problem">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trolley-Problem</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref42">[42]</a> <a href="https://www.zeit.de/kultur/2017-09/kuenstliche-intelligenz-algorithmus-spam-autonomes-fahren">https://www.zeit.de/kultur/2017-09/kuenstliche-intelligenz-algorithmus-spam-autonomes-fahren</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref43">[43]</a> <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319205931_An_Extension_of_Asimov%27s_Robotics_Laws">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319205931_An_Extension_of_Asimov%27s_Robotics_Laws</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref44">[44]</a> <a href="https://www.bmvi.de/SharedDocs/DE/Publikationen/DG/bericht-der-ethik-kommission.pdf">https://www.bmvi.de/SharedDocs/DE/Publikationen/DG/bericht-der-ethik-kommission.pdf</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref45">[45]</a> <a href="https://www.nzz.ch/meinung/ethisch-sterben-die-gefahr-der-moralischen-entgleisung-ld.1542682">https://www.nzz.ch/meinung/ethisch-sterben-die-gefahr-der-moralischen-entgleisung-ld.1542682</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref46">[46]</a> <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0637-6">https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0637-6</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref47">[47]</a> <a href="https://www.finanzen100.de/finanznachrichten/wirtschaft/ethische-probleme-im-auto-oma-oder-obdachlosen-ueberfahren-makabrer-mit-test-zeigt-dilemma-selbstfahrender-autos_H439792768_308609/">https://www.finanzen100.de/finanznachrichten/wirtschaft/ethische-probleme-im-auto-oma-oder-obdachlosen-ueberfahren-makabrer-mit-test-zeigt-dilemma-selbstfahrender-autos_H439792768_308609/</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref48">[48]</a><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/51862217_Swedish_emergency_department_triage_and_interventions_for_improved_patient_flows_A_national_update">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/51862217_Swedish_emergency_department_triage_and_interventions_for_improved_patient_flows_A_national_update</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref49">[49]</a> <a href="https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/ist-es-eugenik-482375266020">https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/ist-es-eugenik-482375266020</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref50">[50]</a> <a href="https://www.bol.com/nl/f/computermodel-voor-ondersteunen-van-euthanasiebeslissingen/37129233/">https://www.bol.com/nl/f/computermodel-voor-ondersteunen-van-euthanasiebeslissingen/37129233/</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref51">[51]</a> Schätzung auf der Basis der Geburts- und Todeszahlen bei <a href="https://www.worldometers.info/">https://www.worldometers.info</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref52">[52]</a> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Limits_to_Growth <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref53">[53]</a> <a href="https://www.e-education.psu.edu/earth104/node/1347">https://www.e-education.psu.edu/earth104/node/1347</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref54">[54]</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C74amJRp730">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C74amJRp730</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref55">[55]</a> <a href="https://www.derstandard.de/story/2000076111193/start-up-will-gehirn-in-die-cloud-laden-nebenwirkung-tod">https://www.derstandard.de/story/2000076111193/start-up-will-gehirn-in-die-cloud-laden-nebenwirkung-tod</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref56">[56]</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Transhumanist_Wager">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Transhumanist_Wager</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref57">[57]</a> <a href="https://www.watson.ch/digital/wissen/533419807-kuenstliche-intelligenz-immenses-potential-und-noch-groesseres-risiko">https://www.watson.ch/digital/wissen/533419807-kuenstliche-intelligenz-immenses-potential-und-noch-groesseres-risiko</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref58">[58]</a> <a href="https://www.huffpost.com/entry/ray-kurzweil-nanobots-brain-godlike_n_560555a0e4b0af3706dbe1e2">https://www.huffpost.com/entry/ray-kurzweil-nanobots-brain-godlike_n_560555a0e4b0af3706dbe1e2</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref59">[59]</a> <a href="https://www.computerworld.com/article/2901679/steve-wozniak-on-ai-will-we-be-pets-or-mere-ants-to-be-squashed-our-robot-overlords.html">https://www.computerworld.com/article/2901679/steve-wozniak-on-ai-will-we-be-pets-or-mere-ants-to-be-squashed-our-robot-overlords.html</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref60">[60]</a> <a href="https://www.faz.net/aktuell/feuilleton/debatten/kuenstliche-intelligenz-maschinen-ueberwinden-die-menschheit-15309705.html">https://www.faz.net/aktuell/feuilleton/debatten/kuenstliche-intelligenz-maschinen-ueberwinden-die-menschheit-15309705.html</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref61">[61]</a> <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/oct/27/elon-musk-artificial-intelligence-ai-biggest-existential-threat">https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/oct/27/elon-musk-artificial-intelligence-ai-biggest-existential-threat</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref62">[62]</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.de/politik/china-entnimmt-uigurischer-minderheit-gegen-willen-organe-09-2019/">https://www.businessinsider.de/politik/china-entnimmt-uigurischer-minderheit-gegen-willen-organe-09-2019/</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref63">[63]</a> <a href="https://www.amazon.com/iGod-Willemijn-Dicke/dp/1544271573/">https://www.amazon.com/iGod-Willemijn-Dicke/dp/1544271573/</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref64">[64]</a> <a href="https://youtu.be/fdloeMNZs7k">https://youtu.be/fdloeMNZs7k</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref65">[65]</a> (auch wenn man mit einem Index arbeitet, der mehrere Funktionen gewichtet) <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref66">[66]</a> <a href="https://www.springer.com/de/book/9783662101872">https://www.springer.com/de/book/9783662101872</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref67">[67]</a> <a href="https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783642240034">https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783642240034</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref68">[68]</a> <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/nature12047">https://www.nature.com/articles/nature12047</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref69">[69]</a> <a href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US20160350685A1/en">https://patents.google.com/patent/US20160350685A1/en</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref70">[70]</a> <a href="https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783030623296">https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783030623296</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref71">[71]</a> <a href="https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783030713997">https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783030713997</a>, in parts available here: <a href="http://ebook.finfour.net/">http://ebook.finfour.net</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref72">[72]</a> <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.14441/eier.D2013002">https://link.springer.com/article/10.14441/eier.D2013002</a> <br /> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#_ftnref73">[73]</a> <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348917283_Digital_Democracy_How_to_make_it_work">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348917283_Digital_Democracy_How_to_make_it_work</a> </p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5335071719468565406.post-56067944216724244702021-02-17T13:04:00.011+00:002021-11-23T18:11:51.260+00:00Es geht um Ihr Leben! Warum wir eine neue Gesellschaft brauchen. TEIL 2<div style="text-align: justify;"></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><i><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IE; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">LINKS </span></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><i><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IE; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">
</span></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span><a href="http://futurict.blogspot.com/2021/01/es-geht-um-ihr-leben-warum-wir-eine.html"><span lang="EN-GB">Teil 1</span></a></span></span></span></p><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span>
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</span></span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span><a href="http://futurict.blogspot.com/2021/11/es-geht-um-ihr-leben-warum-wir-eine_23.html"><span lang="EN-GB">Teil 4</span></a></span></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span><span style="color: #04ff00;">TEIL 2</span> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[1]</a> </span></span></h1><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span><i><br />Wenn wir davon sprechen, dass die Wirtschaft nicht nachhaltig ist, dann bedeutet es vor allem das: es geht um Leben und Tod. Besonders in dieser Corona-erfüllten Zeit macht sich Endzeitstimmung breit. Vielerorts liest man von Triage. Krankenhaus-Betten werden knapp. Es könne nicht jeder gerettet werden, heißt es. Für manche bedeutet das ein Todesurteil.</i></span></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span>... Würden jetzt also Algorithmen entscheiden, wann unsere Zeit abgelaufen war, um das Problem der „Überbevölkerung“ zu lösen? Schwebte ein Damoklesschwert über uns, ohne dass wir es ahnten? <br /><br />Um das herauszufinden fühlte ich mehreren Leuten auf den Zahn. Leuten, die es wissen mussten... <br /><br />Am 13. August 2017, nach einer Diskussionsveranstaltung, schrieb ich eine zusammenfassende Email: <br /><br />„Lieber ... <br /><br /> ich habe es am 11.8. aus berufenem Munde verifiziert bekommen: <br /><br />[Ein wissenschaftlicher Referent einer Bundesbehörde] „bestaetigte die Zahl, dass durch die mangelnde Nachhaltigkeit 3 Milliarden Menschen fruehzeitig eines unnatuerlichen Todes sterben koennten.“ <br /><br />[Ein Professor, der die Bundesregierung beriet, merkte an] „die gesetzlichen und ethischen Vorgaben koenne man in Zukunft nicht mehr vollstaendig erfuellen. Er meinte, die kommenden Herausforderungen liessen sich nicht ohne Zwangsmassnahmen loesen. ...“ <br /><br />Solche Äußerungen musste man leider ernst nehmen! <br /><br />Am 18. Januar 2019 interviewte mich ein wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter für die Studie einer Umweltbehörde. Als ich erwähnte, dass es bei den Nachhaltigkeits-Herausforderungen für viele Menschen um Leben und Tod ginge, rief er aus: „Ja, genau!“ Mit einer so emotionalen Reaktion hatte ich gar nicht gerechnet. <br /><br />Wie konnten es Politik und Wirtschaft nur so schrecklich vermasselt haben? Die vielleicht schockierendste Begegnung hatte ich mit einem der weltweit führenden Roboterexperten und Roboterethiker. In dem Treffen am 5. Mai 2018 ging es um die Zukunftsprobleme der Menschheit und wie mit ihnen umzugehen sei. Der Professor versuchte mich mit seinem umfangreichen Wissen zu beeindrucken, bis ich sagte, ich hätte leider wenig Zeit. Er erklärte mir das Prinzip der Triage,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[2]</a> das im Krieg und in Katastrophensituationen angewandt wird. Demzufolge werden die Opfer in drei Klassen eingeteilt: in die hoffnungslosen Fälle, um die man sich mangels Ressourcen nicht kümmern konnte, die Fälle, die dringende Hilfe brauchten und bei denen Rettungsmassnahmen erfolgversprechend waren, und eine dritte Klasse, die an die Reihe kommt, wenn die priorisierten Fälle versorgt waren und Kapazität für sie verfügbar wurde. Unter Umständen bekamen Letztere also Hilfe, aber möglicherweise auch nicht, doch vielleicht würden sie auch ohne Hilfe überleben. <br /><br />Diese Kriegs- und Effizienzlogik wurde nun offenbar der Planung unserer zukünftigen Zivil-Gesellschaft zugrunde gelegt! Es wurden also Leute ausgesiebt, für die es keine Hoffnung geben würde. Andere wurden „auserwählt“ und bekamen eine Vorzugsbehandlung. Und dann gab es noch jene, die sich vielleicht noch irgendwie am Leben halten könnten. <br /><br />Diese Hölle sollte die Zukunft unserer Gesellschaft sein? Das nannte sich Fortschritt? Nein, Danke! Ich protestierte und sagte, dass ich es nicht in Ordnung fände, dass man uns über die Lage nicht informierte. Denn so könnten wir auch keine Maßnahmen treffen, uns selber und uns gegenseitig zu helfen. Wenn man etwa in die dritte Gruppe einsortiert würde, in der man irgendwann vielleicht Hilfe bekäme oder auch nicht, sei es nicht in Ordnung zu sagen, es werde schon alles gut werden. Denn in ein paar Stunden könne es dafür zu spät sein. Wenn man hingegen gesagt bekäme, dass wahrscheinlich keine Hilfe zu erwarten sei, so könne man Freunde anrufen, und diese könnten vielleicht zur Hilfe kommen oder zumindest Hilfe organisieren. Und damit helfen, die Krise zu bewältigen – durch gegenseitige Unterstützung und Solidarität. <br /><br />Das Meeting endete mit dem Ergebnis, dass dann wohl eine „Disruption for Good“ nötig sei. Das heutige Wirtschaftssystem, das unsere Gesellschaft mit Karacho auf den Abgrund zutrieb, müsste durch etwas Besseres ersetzt werden, das die Überlebenschancen der Menschen erhöhte. Es sei nicht genug, einen Teil der Menschen einfach auszusortieren. Eine solche militärische Logik sei einer modernen Gesellschaft nicht angemessen. Es sei Aufgabe der Politik, Krisensituationen zu verhindern und, soweit das nicht möglich war, sie so gut wie möglich abzumildern. <br /><br />Kurz zuvor hatten Kollegen und ich ein Paper zum „Trolley Problem“<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[3]</a> geschrieben, das zufällig durch eine Diskussion während unseres Team Retreats angestoßen wurde. Der Beitrag trug den Titel „An Extension of Asimov’s Robotic Laws“.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[4]</a> <br /><br /> Wer Science Fiction Fan ist, weiss, dass der Physiker Isaac Asimov schon über Roboter philosophiert und im Kriegsjahr 1942 (!) mehrere Grundprinzipien für den Umgang von Robotern mit Menschen aufgestellt hatte:</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span>1.<span> </span>Ein Roboter darf die Menschheit nicht schädigen oder durch <span> </span><span> </span><span></span>Passivität zulassen, dass die Menschheit zu Schaden kommt. </span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span>2.<span> </span>Ein Roboter darf keinen Menschen verletzen oder durch Untätigkeit zu Schaden kommen lassen, außer er verstieße damit gegen das vorige Gesetz. </span></span><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span>3.<span> </span>Ein Roboter muss den Befehlen der Menschen gehorchen – es sei denn, solche Befehle stehen im Widerspruch zu den vorhergehenden Gesetzen.</span></span><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span>4.<span> </span>Ein Roboter muss seine eigene Existenz schützen, solange sein Handeln nicht den ersten drei Gesetzen widerspricht. </span></span><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span><br /> Mit Blick auf das ethische Dilemma des „Trolley Problems“ sollten diesen Regeln zwei weitere hinzugefügt werden, argumentierten wir: <br /> </span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span>5.<span> </span>Menschen und Roboter müssen alles dafür tun, damit das Auftreten von ethischen Dilemmas minimiert wird. </span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span>6.<span> </span>Falls die Regeln (1)-(4) zu ethischen Dilemmas führen und diese nicht vermieden werden können, wie es Regel (5) verlangt, dann sollten allen Menschen die gleichen Chancen zukommen und Entscheidungen erforderlichenfalls nach einem Zufallsprinzip getroffen werden. </span></span><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span><br />Natürlich wollten wir damit nicht sagen, dass Menschen jetzt nach dem Zufallsprinzip getötet werden sollten. Vielmehr sollten die Chancen und Risiken fair auf alle verteilt werden, damit wir alle einen Anreiz hätten, das Auftreten ethischer Dilemmas und das Sterberisiko zu reduzieren. Falls es Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) nicht möglich wäre, alle Wünsche gleichzeitig zu erfüllen, falls also trotz aller Bemühungen, Regeln (1)-(5) zu erfüllen, ethische Dilemmas bzw. Ressourcen- oder Zielkonflikte unvermeidbar wären, dann sollte das Prinzip der Chancengleichheit angewandt werden. Sie können sich das vielleicht so vorstellen, dass wir im Leben 100 Joker hätten, die wir dann zum Einsatz bringen könnten, wenn uns Hilfe besonders wichtig wäre. <br /><br />Der oben formulierte Ansatz verbietet es jedenfalls, Umstände zu schaffen – oder durch Untätigkeit entstehen zu lassen – die ein ethisches Dilemma erzeugen. Denn solche Umstände könnten dann – im Sinne des „geringeren Übels“ – Dinge legitim erscheinen lassen, die unter normalen Umständen absolut verboten sind. Ließe man ethische Dilemmas als Entschuldigung zu, so könnte am Ende auch die Beseitigung von Demokratie und Menschenrechten als geringeres Übel gelten. Es könnte sogar unter extremen Umständen legitim erscheinen, Zivilpersonen gezielt zu töten, obwohl das eigentlich streng verboten ist – selbst nach dem Kriegsrecht! <br /><br /><b>Unpeace</b> <br /><br />Als ich unser Paper zum Trolley-Problem dem früheren CEO eines weithin bekannten IT-Unternehmens aus dem Silicon Valley schickte, antwortete er mir am 15. Oktober 2017: <br /> </span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span>"Hi Dirk. </span></span><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span>Thanks so much for this article – I now refer to your extensions as Helbing’s 5th & 6th Law of Robotics (see slide #11 of attached presentation)! ...“ </span></span><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span><br />Er war bereits in Rente, aber damit beschäftigt, die Welt zu verbessern – im Rahmen seines Engagements für eine Nicht-Government Organisation in Genf. <br /><br />Er hatte mir schon einmal am 28. Juni 2016 geschrieben: <br /></span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span>"Hi Dirk – I hope you are well, and I look forward to catching up with you sometime over this summer. </span></span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span> </span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span>The area of driverless cars and connected traffic is surely of great interest [to] you, and is getting much media coverage. I will send you what comes on my radar screen, assuming that you are not capturing it all, beginning with the following article: </span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">http://news.mit.edu/2016/driverless-cars-safety-issues-0623</a> </span></span><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span>Best personal regards..." </span></span><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span><br />Noch am gleichen Tag, um 20:01, antwortete ich: <br /><br /></span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span> "... thanks for the interesting article. </span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span>I know the debate and I believe there is more behind it. </span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span>It seems there are people who want to make it legal to kill people under certain circumstances, or to allow AI-based systems to kill people. </span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span>Why? Because they say there is an overpopulation problem on this planet, and it would have to be "fixed". The "fixes" apparently discussed include WW3, induced diseases and euthanasia. </span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span>Current law would not allow this, not even in a situation of emergency. </span></span><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span> According to law:</span></span><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span>1) everyone is equal, so your own life should not be counted higher compared to everyone else's life </span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span>2) it is not allowed to kill a person to save n>1 lives. </span></span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span> </span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span>There are attempts to change this legal setting, and it would allow certain elites to survive a humanitarian crises while other people would be killed. This is exactly, what is not acceptable. The leaders (captains, e.g.) have to bear the greatest risks to save everyone else, otherwise moral hazards are created. </span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span>However, the law also demands that actions must be taken to maximize *chances* of survival, i.e. to minimize death probabilities/rates. </span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span>How to do this is described in my last contributions at ResearchGate, entitled "Why we need democracy 2.0 and capitalism 2.0 to survive"<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[5]</a> and "Society 4.0: Upgrading society, but how?".<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[6]</a> </span></span><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span>Seine Antwort ließ einige Tage auf sich warten. Ich machte mir Sorgen. Hatte ich womöglich übertrieben, gar etwas Falsches gesagt? Lag ich mit meiner Analyse völlig daneben? Doch dann, am 6. Juli 2016 erhielt ich endlich seine Antwort. Sie lautete: <br /></span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span>"Hi Dirk - that's a good analysis..." </span></span><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"></span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span>Nun verstehen Sie vielleicht auch, warum globale Initiativen wie jene, die autonome Waffen einschließlich Killerroboter stoppen wollten, bisher keinen politischen Erfolg hatten, obwohl sie von über 4500 KI- und Robotik-Experten unterschrieben wurde, und von zehntausenden von Ärzten.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[7]</a> Zwischenzeitlich machten Videos zum Thema „Slaughterbots“ die Runde. Das sind Drohnen, die per Gesichtserkennung Personen identifizieren und diese mit einer kleinen Sprengladung töten können.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[8]</a> Technisch ist das heute schon möglich. Das Militär kann bereits ganze Drohnenschwärme entfesseln.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[9]</a> Da gibt es praktisch kein Entrinnen mehr. Ob das gegen die Bevölkerung je zum Einsatz kommen wird, ist natürlich eine andere Frage. Ich vermute, eher nicht. Denn es gibt inzwischen wesentlich subtilere Methoden, um Menschen zu töten. Doch wie weit sind wir noch von Szenarien entfernt, in denen Algorithmen Todesurteile vollstrecken? Drohte uns ein digitaler Holocaust? <br /><br /> Für jene, die es immer noch nicht glauben können, was sich da hinter dem Rücken der ahnungslosen Öffentlichkeit zusammenbraut, füge ich noch eine weitere Begebenheit an. Im Herbst 2018 traf ich mich mit zwei Wissenschaftlern. Das Gespräch drehte sich schließlich um die Konferenz „Emerging Trends Reshaping the International Security“.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[10]</a> Die Konzepte, die dort vorgeschlagen wurden, erschütterten uns alle. <br /><br />Einer der Redner referierte über einen neuen gesellschaftlichen Zustand: nicht Krieg, nicht Frieden, sondern „Unpeace“ – frei übersetzt also „Unfrieden“. Die Idee schien zu sein, dass man verlustreiche Kriege zwischen Staaten, wie sie früher stattgefunden hatten, wenn Ressourcen knapp wurden, vermeiden wollte – eben mit der neuen Regierungsform des „Unfriedens“. Dann würden Konflikte nicht zwischen Staaten ausgetragen, sondern Probleme wie die Überbevölkerung wären lokal zu lösen. Das erinnerte zweifelsohne an George Orwell’s „1984“, wo Kriege nicht dazu geführt wurden, um sie zu gewinnen, sondern um die Menschen einzuschüchtern und einen permanenten Notstand zu rechtfertigen. <br /></span></span></p><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span>Zurück zu meinen Notizen. Diese sprechen von einem „hybriden Krieg“ (der verschiedene kriegerische Methoden miteinander kombinieren und sicher auch einen Informationskrieg gegen die eigene Bevölkerung mit einschließen würde – also Propaganda und Desinformation<a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[11]</a>). Doch es wäre naiv zu glauben, dass es dabei bliebe. Meine Notizen beinhalten nämlich auch das Zitat: „Maybe we should kill just a few people.“ Das Töten von Menschen war also explizit vorgesehen – außerhalb des Kriegszustands! War nun zu erwarten, dass die Gesellschaft von jenen Menschen „befreit“ wurde, die „nicht systemrelevant“ waren? Dann könnte man mit Fug und Recht von einem mörderischen Plan sprechen! </span></span></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"></span></div><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span> <b>ENDE VON TEIL 2 </b><br /><br /> <span><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[1]</a> Fortsetzung von http://futurict.blogspot.com/2021/01/es-geht-um-ihr-leben-warum-wir-eine.html</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span><span><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[2]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triage</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[3]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trolley-Problem</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[4]</a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319205931_An_Extension_of_Asimov%27s_Robotics_Laws</a> <br /><br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[5]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303684254</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[6]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/304352735</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[7]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://futureoflife.org/open-letter-autonomous-weapons/</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[8]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Ipkq-BASaM</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[9]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CGAk5gRD-t0</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[10]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.zeit.de/kultur/2017-09/kuenstliche-intelligenz-algorithmus-spam-autonomes-fahren</a> <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">[11]</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">https://www.militairespectator.nl/thema/operaties/artikel/behavioural-change-core-warfighting</a></span><br /> </span></span></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5335071719468565406.post-50162032794581945802021-02-02T17:30:00.002+00:002021-02-02T17:56:06.219+00:00Who is to blame: The fish or the farmer?<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><b><span style="font-family: verdana;"><i><span lang="EN-US">In many places of the world, our environment and climate are in big
trouble. Who could deny this fact? It has existential implications, indeed. But
who is to blame? </span></i></span></b></span></span></p><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span lang="EN-US">Often, we hear that humans are too selfish. They would be a serious
threat for the future of our planet. “Indeed, humans are enemies of humanity”,
we are told.<a href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[1]</span></span></span></a>
But is this really true, or is it propaganda?</span></span></span></p><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span lang="EN-US">For the sake of illustration, l</span><span>et us assume that you are a farmer and that you own all kinds of land,
meadows and forests, </span><span lang="EN-US">creeks</span><span> and lakes. And let us also assume that you fertilise your meadows</span><span lang="EN-US">, perhaps a
little </span><span>too much....</span></span></span></p><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span>Then</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span> the following will probably happen: </span><span lang="EN-US">Fertilizer will </span><span>eventually </span><span lang="EN-US">end up </span><span>in the lake.</span><span lang="EN-US"> Hence</span><span>, the algae </span><span lang="EN-US">will </span><span>grow like crazy</span><span lang="EN-US">, and t</span><span>he fish population </span><span lang="EN-US">will </span><span>explode. </span><span lang="EN-US">At least for some time. E</span><span>ventually</span><span lang="EN-US">, however, </span><span>the lake </span><span lang="EN-US">will </span><span>run out of oxygen. The fish </span><span lang="EN-US">will </span><span>swim in droves </span><span lang="EN-US">at the </span><span>surface</span><span> </span><span>– belly up.<a href="#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[2]</span></span></span></a></span><span> <span lang="EN-US">So, many
of them will die</span></span><span>!</span><span lang="EN-US"> This is
well-known.</span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span></span></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtX8oWbznCxct4yHkIMbJuMjGGEWypnJJ5V3Qr3gXiIEcogWmEPx1ex3gaFO7mD-CyF8J3vfmgZ6K88zqvB4QfRdHlIhwjbrWkuh2XfxoD5J9YMB9HUY5Jj73QgeIWMyMaLDM5vNqrQ-c/s451/1.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="301" data-original-width="451" height="428" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtX8oWbznCxct4yHkIMbJuMjGGEWypnJJ5V3Qr3gXiIEcogWmEPx1ex3gaFO7mD-CyF8J3vfmgZ6K88zqvB4QfRdHlIhwjbrWkuh2XfxoD5J9YMB9HUY5Jj73QgeIWMyMaLDM5vNqrQ-c/w640-h428/1.jpg" title="Figure 1: Fish dying of oxygen depletion[3] (Image credit: Oregon State University)." width="640" /></a></span></div><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span lang="EN-US"></span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><i><span lang="EN-US">Figure 1: Fish dying of oxygen depletion<a href="#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b>[3]</b></span></span></span></a>
(Image credit: Oregon State University).</span></i></span></span></p><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span lang="EN-US">Now, t</span><span>he crucial
question is: Who is to blame for this disaster? The fish or the farmer? Of
course, the farmer! No one would </span><span lang="EN-US">ever </span><span>think of accusing the fish </span><span lang="EN-US">for</span><span> multiplying. It was the farmer who over-fertilised the lake. The
fatal outcome was entirely foreseeable. And there are </span><span lang="EN-US">applicable </span><span>laws to punish such </span><span lang="EN-US">behavior</span><span>.<a href="#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[4]</span></span></span></a></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2t8Wi5B8XWMrSx48mhqnI2I7XmhsWLCMvbZaqKZQVM9CA3Ev7PisOeLerhlT0iTFMZtgah6-dzrafsiCNr5Ca9_7Wo1N__rgOj3_OaxqMWyUaUM9nWQEul8sU4-uOk6bXeiuW5xZCGgc/s357/2.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="229" data-original-width="357" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2t8Wi5B8XWMrSx48mhqnI2I7XmhsWLCMvbZaqKZQVM9CA3Ev7PisOeLerhlT0iTFMZtgah6-dzrafsiCNr5Ca9_7Wo1N__rgOj3_OaxqMWyUaUM9nWQEul8sU4-uOk6bXeiuW5xZCGgc/w640-h410/2.png" width="640" /></a></span></div><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><i><span lang="DE">Figure 2: Development of the population size as a function of the carrying
capacity<a href="#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b>[5]</b></span></span></span></a>
(Image credit: Mississippi State University).</span></i></span></span></p><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span lang="EN-US">W</span><span>hen it comes to humanity, </span><span lang="EN-US">however, </span><span>we</span><span lang="EN-US"> find</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span lang="EN-US">that </span><span>it is not the
"farmer</span><span lang="EN-US">s</span><span>" </span><span lang="EN-US">(representing
business [wo]men) </span><span>who </span><span lang="EN-US">are</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span lang="EN-US">being </span><span>blamed, but the "fish"</span><span lang="EN-US"> (standing for
the people). </span><span>Strictly speaking,
the "farmer</span><span lang="EN-US">s</span><span>" </span><span lang="EN-US">often </span><span>accuse the "fish". This is, of course,
absurd</span><span lang="DE">!</span></span><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span lang="DE"></span></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQZk_4ftzqO2SGHbqGHzAcpTh-r5JRpvwcTMR7-mSrdBUxBeDiLp1925DTLVPBiO_3ClXPKIdyPhRulrm4Dd0O6J4km1i2_NIZDXf2GVnyU5IdXwbu4i9HrLkaaeAE8T4-2axjXmqjtIo/s905/3.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="679" data-original-width="905" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQZk_4ftzqO2SGHbqGHzAcpTh-r5JRpvwcTMR7-mSrdBUxBeDiLp1925DTLVPBiO_3ClXPKIdyPhRulrm4Dd0O6J4km1i2_NIZDXf2GVnyU5IdXwbu4i9HrLkaaeAE8T4-2axjXmqjtIo/w640-h480/3.png" width="640" /></a> <span style="font-family: verdana;"><span lang="EN-US"><span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: verdana;"><i><span lang="EN-US"> </span></i></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><i><span lang="EN-US">Figure 3: Projected developments for the world according to the Limits
to Growth<a href="#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b>[6]</b></span></span></span></a>
(Image credit: The Oildrum).</span></i></span><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span lang="EN-US">It is wrong to scapegoat
us, the ordinary people, who largely do what we are told, </span><span>for the world's crises.</span><span> <span lang="EN-US">For
example, we</span></span><span> are blamed for
buying </span><span lang="EN-US">cheap</span><span> plane ticket</span><span lang="EN-US">s – n</span><span>ot the airline</span><span lang="EN-US">s</span><span> that </span><span lang="EN-US">sell</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span lang="EN-US">those tickets</span><span lang="DE">!</span><span> And not the advertising compan</span><span lang="EN-US">ies</span><span> that hammered th</span><span lang="EN-US">ese products</span><span> into </span><span lang="DE">our</span><span> brain</span><span lang="EN-US">s</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span lang="EN-US">– using</span><span> psychological tricks</span><span lang="EN-US"> that are close to
psychological abuse</span><span>. </span><span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></div><p><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span>We ha</span><span lang="EN-US">ve</span><span> already consumed
less during the financial crisis. But the economy </span><span lang="EN-US">learned</span><span> to manipulate us </span><span lang="EN-US">more effectively through</span><span> personalised information. They didn't shy away
from </span><span lang="EN-US">using “</span><span>mind control</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span><span> methods.<a href="#_ftn7" name="_ftnref7" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[7]</span></span></span></a>
They hacked our brains to boost consumption and the economy. And now we are </span><span lang="EN-US">being </span><span>blame</span><span lang="EN-US">d</span><span> for</span><span lang="EN-US"> this</span><span>? </span><span lang="EN-US">Seriously? </span></span><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQjsIT_ICSTEXatTjfwb_zLPhQp7nII4zJmiw0Ghi-uulDRJvVoQRqXRXo1RcWupY-xIygjT44uccewyEyWICg1IUvAs2x3z81bnDaAoH6I2cjaTU4y7B8B_05-QesIAY64xNeYn1UYzQ/s841/4.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="841" data-original-width="835" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQjsIT_ICSTEXatTjfwb_zLPhQp7nII4zJmiw0Ghi-uulDRJvVoQRqXRXo1RcWupY-xIygjT44uccewyEyWICg1IUvAs2x3z81bnDaAoH6I2cjaTU4y7B8B_05-QesIAY64xNeYn1UYzQ/w636-h640/4.png" width="636" /></a></span></div><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span></span></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span></span><span></span></span></span></p><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><i><span lang="DE">Figure 4: Carrying capacity of the world over time<a href="#_ftn8" name="_ftnref8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b>[8]</b></span></span></span></a>
(Source: M. Wackernagel et al.<a href="#_ftn9" name="_ftnref9" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b>[9]</b></span></span></span></a>).</span></i></span></span></p><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span>Why shouldn't those </span><span lang="EN-US">be punished for</span><span> environmental crimes</span><span lang="EN-US">, </span><span>who have done the same to humanity as the farmer</span><span lang="EN-US">s</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span lang="EN-US">above have done</span><span> to </span><span lang="EN-US">the fish</span><span>?! </span><span lang="EN-US">Mainly for profit, t</span><span>hey </span><span lang="EN-US">have </span><span>over-fertilised</span><span> <span lang="EN-US">the planet, by boosting a
carbon-based economy. It was entirely predictable t</span></span><span>hat </span><span lang="EN-US">this would cause over-population (see Fig. 5<sup>2</sup>)</span><span>. </span><span lang="EN-US">W</span><span>ithout the irresponsible global expansion of the oil</span><span lang="EN-US">-based</span><span> economy, such "population explosion"
would never have</span><span lang="EN-US"> happened</span><span>. </span></span><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span></span></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEix6C39bbGIKyNpaTaBnTXerhtCQEgx3jjBu83EgVMbSeQlZ1UooY5Eroxp8NgJiOwy3uOh4bt4dl53yBQjtJsFpuskbJejFASS4XTkMQ0rO-kkGgZIZkTHSqcKL-QkE691RZCg9LyKlY4/s816/5.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="662" data-original-width="816" height="520" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEix6C39bbGIKyNpaTaBnTXerhtCQEgx3jjBu83EgVMbSeQlZ1UooY5Eroxp8NgJiOwy3uOh4bt4dl53yBQjtJsFpuskbJejFASS4XTkMQ0rO-kkGgZIZkTHSqcKL-QkE691RZCg9LyKlY4/w640-h520/5.png" width="640" /></a></span></div><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span lang="EN-US"></span></span><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><i><span lang="DE">Figure 5: Correlation between energy consumption and world population<sup>10</sup>
(Image credit: Penn State University).</span></i></span></span></p><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span>The predicted sustainability crisis is nothing </span><span lang="EN-US">else</span><span> than a crisis of the </span><span lang="EN-US">oil-based </span><span>economy</span><span lang="EN-US"> – and the petrodollar, in a sense</span><span>. </span><span lang="EN-US">I</span><span>n the early 1970s, when the Limits to Growth report appeared, </span><span lang="EN-US">the ecological
footprint of </span><span>humanity was still
</span><span lang="EN-US">in balance with the planet (see Fig. 4). But afterwards, energy
consumption around the world was irresponsibly expanded – even per capita!<a href="#_ftn10" name="_ftnref10" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[10]</span></span></span></a>
This is reckless!</span></span><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBFFyxF0lKyKUcGjOOz1vGbju6MHAVOuiZ0VjHNUYbjVNrNuqDIj0nMittSyjKQ-YngKK27YYVz7-tfBEJo0naLWiKaaFpPLTJ9t2X65EfO6ONpSaTUndFoJySk8aw2fdersKfMrfHUug/s861/6.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="545" data-original-width="861" height="406" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBFFyxF0lKyKUcGjOOz1vGbju6MHAVOuiZ0VjHNUYbjVNrNuqDIj0nMittSyjKQ-YngKK27YYVz7-tfBEJo0naLWiKaaFpPLTJ9t2X65EfO6ONpSaTUndFoJySk8aw2fdersKfMrfHUug/w640-h406/6.png" width="640" /></a></span></div><span style="font-size: x-large;"> <span style="font-family: verdana;"><i><span lang="DE">Figure 6: Energy consumption per person over time<sup>10</sup> (Image
credit: Penn State University).</span></i></span></span><p><br /></p><p><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span lang="EN-US">END OF PART 1</span></span><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span></p><div><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br clear="all" /></span></span>
<hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" />
<div id="ftn1">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[1]</span></span></span></a> <a href="https://www.amazon.com/First-Global-Revolution-Report-Council/dp/0679738258/">https://www.amazon.com/First-Global-Revolution-Report-Council/dp/0679738258/</a><span> <span lang="DE"></span></span></span></span></p>
</div>
<div id="ftn2">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[2]</span></span></span></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_kill">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_kill</a><span> <span lang="DE"></span></span></span></span></p>
</div>
<div id="ftn3">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[3]</span></span></span></a> <a href="http://awesomeocean.com/guest-columns/dangerous-algal-blooms-predicted/">http://awesomeocean.com/guest-columns/dangerous-algal-blooms-predicted/</a><span> <span lang="DE"></span></span></span></span></p>
</div>
<div id="ftn4">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[4]</span></span></span></a> <a href="https://www.tagesspiegel.de/politik/eu-droht-mit-hohem-bussgeld-deutschland-muss-sein-grundwasser-besser-schuetzen/24699350.html"><span lang="DE">https://www.tagesspiegel.de/politik/eu-droht-mit-hohem-bussgeld-deutschland-muss-sein-grundwasser-besser-schuetzen/24699350.html</span></a><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span lang="DE"></span></span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/umweltverschmutzung-nigeria-shell-urteil-1.5190052"><span lang="EN-US">https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/umweltverschmutzung-nigeria-shell-urteil-1.5190052</span></a><span lang="EN-US"> </span></span></span></p>
</div>
<div id="ftn5">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[5]</span></span></span></a> <a href="https://www.msudeer.msstate.edu/deer-habitat-carrying-capacity.php">https://www.msudeer.msstate.edu/deer-habitat-carrying-capacity.php</a><span> <span lang="DE"></span></span></span></span></p>
</div>
<div id="ftn6">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref6" name="_ftn6" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[6]</span></span></span></a> <span lang="DE">D.H. Meadows et al., Limits to Growth, </span><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Limits-Meadows-Donella-October-Paperback/dp/B014GG58BE/"><span lang="DE">https://www.amazon.com/Limits-Meadows-Donella-October-Paperback/dp/B014GG58BE/</span></a><span lang="DE">, </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Limits_to_Growth"><span lang="DE">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Limits_to_Growth</span></a><span lang="DE"><span> </span></span></span></span></p>
</div>
<div id="ftn7">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref7" name="_ftn7" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[7]</span></span></span></a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C74amJRp730">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C74amJRp730</a><span> <span lang="DE"></span></span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.extremetech.com/extreme/245014-meet-sneaky-facebook-powered-propaganda-ai-might-just-know-better-know"><span lang="DE">https://www.extremetech.com/extreme/245014-meet-sneaky-facebook-powered-propaganda-ai-might-just-know-better-know</span></a><span lang="DE"> </span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://www.militairespectator.nl/thema/operaties/artikel/behavioural-change-core-warfighting"><span lang="DE">https://www.militairespectator.nl/thema/operaties/artikel/behavioural-change-core-warfighting</span></a><span lang="DE"> </span></span></span></p>
</div>
<div id="ftn8">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref8" name="_ftn8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[8]</span></span></span></a> <a href="https://www.businessperformance.org/article/synopsis-limits-growth-30-year-update">https://www.businessperformance.org/article/synopsis-limits-growth-30-year-update</a><span lang="DE">, </span><a href="http://web.boun.edu.tr/ali.saysel/ESc59M/Limits%20to%20Growth.pdf"><span lang="DE">http://web.boun.edu.tr/ali.saysel/ESc59M/Limits%20to%20Growth.pdf</span></a><span lang="DE"><span> </span></span></span></span></p>
</div>
<div id="ftn9">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref9" name="_ftn9" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[9]</span></span></span></a> <a href="https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/99/14/9266.full.pdf">https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/99/14/9266.full.pdf</a><span> <span lang="DE"></span></span></span></span></p>
</div>
<div id="ftn10">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref10" name="_ftn10" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference">[10]</span></span></span></a> <a href="https://www.e-education.psu.edu/earth104/node/1347">https://www.e-education.psu.edu/earth104/node/1347</a><span> <span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></span></p>
</div>
</div><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5335071719468565406.post-38546768180987854222021-01-29T23:05:00.012+00:002021-11-23T18:12:18.088+00:00Es geht um Ihr Leben! Warum wir eine neue Gesellschaft brauchen. TEIL 1<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><i><span lang="DE" style="color: #04ff00; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IE; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">LINKS </span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><i><span lang="DE" style="color: #04ff00; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IE; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">
</span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="http://futurict.blogspot.com/2021/01/es-geht-um-ihr-leben-warum-wir-eine.html"><span lang="EN-GB">Teil 1</span></a></span></span></p><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="http://futurict.blogspot.com/2021/02/es-geht-um-ihr-leben-warum-wir-eine.html"><span lang="EN-GB">Teil 2</span></a></span></span></p><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="http://futurict.blogspot.com/2021/11/es-geht-um-ihr-leben-warum-wir-eine.html"><span lang="EN-GB">Teil 3</span></a></span></span></p><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span></p><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="http://futurict.blogspot.com/2021/11/es-geht-um-ihr-leben-warum-wir-eine_23.html"><span lang="EN-GB">Teil 4</span></a></span></span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><i><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"><b>TEIL 1 </b><br /></span></i></span></span></h1><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><i><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"><b>Wenn wir davon
sprechen, dass die Wirtschaft nicht nachhaltig ist, dann bedeutet es vor allem
das: es geht um Leben und Tod. Besonders in dieser Corona-erfüllten Zeit macht
sich Endzeitstimmung breit. Vielerorts liest man von Triage. Krankenhaus-Betten
werden knapp. Es könne nicht jeder gerettet werden, heißt es. Für manche
bedeutet das ein Todesurteil. Auch andere fundamentale demokratische
Grundrechte wanken. Zunehmend wird klar: wir brauchen ein neues System. Eine
Kreislaufwirtschaft, eine Sharing Economy, und ein transparentes,
partizipatives Informationsökosystem.</b> </span></i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></i></span><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"></span><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Bei den
Diskussionen über die Zukunftsherausforderungen der Menschheit hatte ich
gelegentlich mit einem englischen Professor zu tun, der irgendwann von einem
Kollegen ins Spiel gebracht worden war. Eines Tages erzählte er mir, dass er
für die Regierung arbeitete. Einst war seine Dienststelle nur einen Steinwurf
vom Buckingham Palast entfernt. Man musste seine Äußerungen ernst nehmen. Sie
konnten Aufschluss über politische Erwägungen und Strategien geben. <br /></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Eines Tages, es
war der 13. März 2016, machte er mich auf ein Buch mit dem Titel “Learning to
Die in the Anthropocene: Reflections on the End of a Civilization” von Roy
Scranton aufmerksam.</span><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><a href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR">[1]</span></span></span></span></span></a></span><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"> Das war der Moment, an dem ich aufwachte!
Ich verstand, dass wir ein Problem hatten. Ein RIESIGES Problem! Ein Problem,
das manche Leute als “Truthahn-Illusion”</span><a href="#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR">[2]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"> bezeichnen: die Illusion, dass alles doch
ganz gut ist, wie es ist. Jeden Tag ist man versorgt. Bis schließlich
Thanksgiving</span><a href="#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR">[3]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"> vor der Tür steht – und alles ist vorbei… <br /></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Auch wir bekommen
jeden Tag gesagt, es sei doch alles gut. Ja, es würde doch vieles sogar besser
werden! Aber gilt das auch für das ganze 21. Jahrhundert? Oder gilt das nur bis
zum “Tag X”, an dem das Welt-System überfordert ist, die Menschheit zu
versorgen? <br /></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Ich schaute auf
das Buch. Im Zeitalter des “Anthropozäns,” wo das Geschehen auf unserem
“überbevölkerten” Planeten zunehmend von Menschen geprägt wird, drohten
wichtige Ressourcen knapp zu werden. Wasser oder Erdöl zum Beispiel. In der
Folge könnten viele Menschen sterben. Sehr viele. Fragt sich nur, wie viele?
Und wie würden sie sterben? Wen würde es treffen? <br /></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Worte wie
“mangelnde Nachhaltigkeit”, “Klimawandel” oder “Überbevölkerung” konnten uns
keine Vorstellung davon geben, was uns vielleicht bald erwarten würde:
Wirtschaftskrisen, Hungerkatastrophen, Seuchen, und Kriege… Das hörte sich mehr
nach apokalyptischen Reitern an als nach besserer Zukunft! <br /></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Warum redete nur
keiner davon? War da nichts dran? Oder war es wirklich so schlimm? So schlimm,
dass man nicht darüber sprechen konnte? So schlimm, dass keiner daran denken
und lieber noch die verbleibende Zeit so gut wie möglich auskosten wollte – bis
zum “Tag X”? Ich konnte es gar nicht glauben. Die Wirtschaft schien noch lange
nicht am Ende. Doch es gab auch Hinweise, dass es große Probleme gab. Und die
häuften sich – leider! War der Tag X vielleicht schon gekommen – mit der
Covid-19 Pandemie? <br /></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Im Grunde
hätten wir schon Anfang der 70er Jahre wissen können, was uns bevorstand. Doch
wir haben es verdrängt. 1972 machte ein Buch mit dem Titel “Limits to Growth”</span><a href="#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn4;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR">[4]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"> Furore. Angesichts der begrenzten Ressourcen
des Planeten sagte es mittels eines einfachen Computermodells voraus, dass uns
im 21. Jahrhundert unweigerlich ein Zusammenbruch der Wirtschaft erwarten würde
– und ein Massensterben. Etwa ein Drittel der Menschheit, mehr oder weniger,
würde vorzeitig sterben. Eine schreckliche Vorstellung! <br /></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Konnte das
wirklich sein? Das fragte sich auch US-Präsident Jimmy Carter, der am 23. Mai
1977 eine detaillierte Studie in Auftrag gab, an der hochkarätige
Wissenschaftler arbeiteten. Ihr Name hieß: “Global 2000”.</span><a href="#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn5;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR">[5]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"> Am 24. Juli 1980 wurde der Bericht der
Öffentlichkeit vorgestellt. Er war beachtliche 2000 Seiten stark. 1.5 Millionen
Exemplare wurden verkauft. Ein Bestseller also. Er stand auch bei mir im Regal
als ich zur Schule ging. Ich hatte ihn von meinem eigenen Taschengeld gekauft –
und die 150-seitige Zusammenfassung komplett gelesen. Die Schlussfolgerung war:
Ja, wir hatten ein Problem – und zwar ein gewaltiges! </span><span lang="UZ-CYR">Denn
da stand:</span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="UZ-CYR"> “If present
trends continue, the world in 2000 will be more crowded, and more vulnerable to
disruption than the world we live in now. Serious stresses involving
population, resources, and environment are clearly visible ahead. Despite
greater material output, the world’s people will be poorer in many ways than
they are today.“</span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Wahrlich keine
guten Aussichten! </span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Sie können sich
vorstellen, dass sich da diverse Think Tanks Gedanken machten, wie das Problem
am besten zu lösen sei, und das Militär ohnehin. Der Dritte Weltkrieg war keine
wirkliche Option. Er barg unabsehbare Risiken für die Menschheit und den
Planeten. Was konnte man also tun? Würde man bestimmte Menschen töten, um
andere zu retten? <br /></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Genau diesen
Eindruck bekam ich – aber erst allmählich. Denn ich konnte es lange nicht
glauben. Anfang Oktober 2015 wurde mir ein wissenschaftliches Paper zugesandt.
“AAAI 2016 senior member track assignment”, das musste etwas Wichtiges sein.
“AAAI” bedeutet “Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence”.
Offenbar lag der Gesellschaft für Künstliche Intelligenz daran, meine
Einschätzung zu einer Sache erfahren. <br /></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Es ging um das
sogenannte “Trolley Problem”.</span><a href="#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn6;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR">[6]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"> Bei diesem ethischen Dilemma werden Sie
vor die Frage gestellt: Angenommen, Sie sind Weichenwärter an einem Bahngleis
und es rast ein Zug heran. Auf dem freigegebenen Gleis befinden sich 5
Bauarbeiter, die überfahren würden, wenn Sie die Weiche nicht umstellen. Wenn
Sie es aber tun, dann stirbt jemand anders, beispielsweise ein Kind, das gerade
auf dem anderen Gleis spielt. Was werden Sie tun? Oder was sollte man tun? <br /></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Egal, was man
macht, es ist falsch. Ein Dilemma eben! Doch was war das kleinere Übel? <br /></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Das
Gedankenexperiment ist so angelegt, dass es plausibel zu sein scheint, besser
einen Menschen zu opfern als fünf Menschen sterben zu lassen. Doch es führt zu
einer moralischen Entgleisung, da suggeriert wird, dass es unausweichlich zum
Tod eines Menschen kommen müsse. <br /></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Die Diskussion um
das Trolley Problem wurde im Zusammenhang mit selbstfahrenden Autos zu einem
Megathema. Am Ende diskutierte fast jeder darüber. Sie konnten es in “Nature”</span><a href="#_ftn7" name="_ftnref7" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn7;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR">[7]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"> und allen großen Zeitungen lesen. Da
autonome Fahrzeuge mit Kameras ausgestattet sind, die Personen erkennen können,
stellten sich ganz neue Fragen. Etwa diese: Wenn zu entscheiden ist zwischen
einer alten Frau und einem Kind, wer soll sterben? Wenn zu entscheiden ist
zwischen einem 60-jährigen Milliardär und einer Studentin, wer soll sterben? Wenn
zu entscheiden ist zwischen einem armen Gesunden und einem reichen Kranken, wer
soll sterben? Wenn zu entscheiden ist zwischen einer Angestellten und einem
arbeitslosen Lottogewinner, wer soll sterben? Wenn zu entscheiden ist zwischen
Robin Hood und einem Priester, wer soll sterben? </span><span lang="UZ-CYR">Sehen
Sie, da kommt man schnell in Teufels K</span><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">üche! <br /></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Das
Gedankenexperiment ist eine Falle. Es führt auf Abwege, während die Position
des Bundesverfassungsgerichts völlig klar ist: es dürfen keine Menschen getötet
werden. Doch das Militär ließ nicht locker. Was, wenn ein Flugzeug auf ein
Hochhaus zuraste? Durfte – oder musste – es nicht abgeschossen werden, damit
sich eine Tragödie wie am 11. 9. 2001 in New York nicht wiederholen konnte? Man
wollte Rechtssicherheit, keine Gewissensentscheidung. Und das wurde schließlich
im Fernsehen verhandelt... <br /></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Am 17. Oktober
2018 war „Das Fernsehereignis“ angekündigt.<a href="#_ftn8" name="_ftnref8" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn8;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="DE">[8]</span></span></span></span></a>
Ein Film auf der Basis eines Theaterstücks des Schriftstellers und Juristen
Ferdinand von Schirach. Der Titel: „Terror“.<a href="#_ftn9" name="_ftnref9" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn9;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="DE">[9]</span></span></span></span></a>
Die Story: Ein Flugzeug, das von mutmaßlichen Terroristen gesteuert wird,
welches durch einen herbeigeführten Absturz ein vollbesetztes Fußballstadion in
ein Blutbad verwandeln wird. So vermutet man. Abfangjäger steigen auf. Ein
Pilot wartet auf den Befehl, das Flugzeug abzuschießen. Doch dieser bleibt aus.
Am Ende schießt er das entführte Flugzeug ab, um den befürchteten
Terroranschlag abzuwenden. Die Insassen des Flugzeugs sterben. </span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">In der Folge wird
der Pilot vor Gericht gestellt. Soll er freigesprochen werden oder ist er
schuldig? Das ist die Frage. Und zwar an die Zuschauer. Gewissermaßen an Sie!</span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Es ergeht
schließlich ein Urteil „im Namen des Fernsehvolkes“.<a href="#_ftn10" name="_ftnref10" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn10;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="DE">[10]</span></span></span></span></a>
Zeitgleich in Deutschland, in Österreich und in der Schweiz! Denn in allen drei
Ländern wurde das Fernseh-Tribunal parallel ausgestrahlt. Am kommenden Tag
fragte Thomas Fischer in der ZEIT unter dem Titel „’Terror’ – Ferdinand von
Schirach auf allen Kanälen!“:<a href="#_ftn11" name="_ftnref11" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn11;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="DE">[11]</span></span></span></span></a>
„Darf das Fernsehen elementare Rechtsfragen so lange verdrehen, bis ein Film
daraus wird?“</span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Doch die
Zuschauer hatten entschieden: für Freispruch! Obwohl der Pilot klar gegen die
Verfassung verstoßen hatte – und gegen den Befehl des Vorgesetzten. Und obwohl
er die Insassen des Flugzeugs getötet hatte. Wie konnte man einen so gut
aussehenden, intelligenten und tapferen Soldaten, der Traumschwiegersohn der
halben Nation, ins Gefängnis stecken?! </span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Erst hinterher
wurde klar, in welche Falle die Zuschauer gelockt worden waren. In der
anschließenden Diskussion forderte ein Bundeswehrgeneral sogar, das Grundgesetz
müsse geändert werden. Doch Rechtsanwalt Gerhard Baum, ehemals
Bundesinnenminister, hielt dagegen.<a href="#_ftn12" name="_ftnref12" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn12;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="DE">[12]</span></span></span></span></a>
Sonst wäre die Diskussion womöglich noch völlig entgleist, mit unabsehbaren
Folgen. Für das Grundgesetz und für uns alle.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Wieso
veranstaltete man im deutschsprachigen Raum ein Fernsehgericht „im Namen des
Volkes“? Ich kann mich nicht daran erinnern, dass es so etwas zuvor gegeben hat.
So beschlich mich eine ungeheure Ahnung. Hatten man sich eine Art Zustimmung
geholt für etwas, das uns in Zukunft selber betreffen würde? Hatten die
Fernsehzuschauer ihr eigenes Urteil gesprochen, indem sie akzeptiert hatten,
dass unter gewissen Umständen, auch in Friedenszeiten, Menschen getötet werden
durften?</span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Denn die
Situation würde sich völlig ändern, wenn dieselben Regeln, die gerade zum
Retten von Menschen bei unvermeidlichen Unfällen von autonomen Fahrzeugen
entwickelt wurden, irgendwann auf Sachlagen angewandt würden, in denen die
Ressourcen der Welt nicht mehr für alle reichten. Situationen also, wie sie für
unseren Planeten vorausgesagt waren. Dann würde aus dem KI-basierten
Rettungsalgorithmus nämlich ein Killeralgorithmus.<a href="#_ftn13" name="_ftnref13" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn13;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="DE">[13]</span></span></span></span></a>
Im Unterschied zu heute würde die Ressourcenknappheit nicht nur Länder der
Dritten Welt treffen, was schon schlimm genug war, sondern alle Länder. </span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Tatsächlich
entdeckte ich irgendwann Prognosen, wie groß die Bevölkerung verschiedener
Länder in Zukunft einmal sein wird, basierend auf ihrer Wirtschaftsleistung,
ihrer „Tragfähigkeit“. Die Zahlen waren schockierend. Musste man das ernst
nehmen? Oder war das unseriös? Womöglich Panikmache?</span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"></span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Das Damoklesschwert</span></b></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Im März 2016
hatten wir bei uns eine Professorin zu Gast. Sie arbeitet im Gebiet „Künstliche
Intelligenz“. Ich merkte recht schnell, dass sie ein Thema bedrückte:
„KI-basierte Euthanasie“. Offenbar hatten Journalisten vor Jahren mehrfach ihre
Meinung zu diesem Thema in Erfahrung zu bringen versucht.</span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Ich traute meinen
Ohren nicht. Euthanasie? Dann wären wir ja wieder im Faschismus angelangt! Was
hatte das zu bedeuten? Hatte man tatsächlich vor, Künstliche Intelligenz über
Leben und Tod entscheiden zu lassen?<a href="#_ftn14" name="_ftnref14" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn14;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="DE">[14]</span></span></span></span></a>
Da wären die verantwortlichen Politiker und Militärs ja fein raus! Sie wären es
dann nicht gewesen, die die Menschen zum Tode verurteilt hätten. Vermeintlich
zumindest. Die Verantwortung hätte dann ja eine Künstliche Intelligenz, die
autonom über Leben und Tod entscheiden würde. Im Krankenhausalltag würde sie ganz
diskret und unauffällig ihr unheilvolles Werk vollbringen – und hier und da ein
paar Lebensjahre abziehen...<a href="#_ftn15" name="_ftnref15" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn15;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="DE">[15]</span></span></span></span></a></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Ich bat die
Professorin, nach Material zum Thema „KI und Euthanasie“ zu suchen. Gab es
irgendwelche Zeitungsartikel oder Publikationen? Irgendwelche Evidenz? Es
dauerte eine Weile, doch dann wurden wir fündig. Zunächst konnten wir zwei
Forschungsarbeiten zum Thema aufspüren. Die eine stammte aus dem Jahr 2005 und
trug den Titel: „Een computermodel voor het ondersteunen van
euthanasiebeslissingen“ („Ein Computermodell zur Unterstützung von
Sterbehilfeentscheidungen“).<a href="#_ftn16" name="_ftnref16" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn16;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="DE">[16]</span></span></span></span></a>
Die andere stammte aus dem Jahr 2010: „Ethische modellen voor
euthanasiebeslissingen“ („Ethische Modelle für Sterbehilfeentscheidungen“).<a href="#_ftn17" name="_ftnref17" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn17;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="DE">[17]</span></span></span></span></a>
</span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Ende 2017 dann
konnte man über Software lesen, die über Leben und Tod entscheidet.<a href="#_ftn18" name="_ftnref18" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn18;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="DE">[18]</span></span></span></span></a>
Big Data würde nun verwendet, um Kosten im Gesundheitssystem zu sparen, etwa um
zu entscheiden, wer noch eine teure Operation bezahlt bekommt und wer nicht.
Begann nun also ein kommerzielles Softwaretool über Leben und Tod von Patienten
zu entscheiden, nicht mehr der Arzt? War das mit der Menschenwürde und dem
hippokratischen Eid der Ärzte noch vereinbar? Und wie verlässlich war das Ganze
überhaupt? Die Frage war berechtigt! Denn der Algorithmus, der die eigene Lebenszeit
voraussagte und verwaltete, konnte sich erheblich irren.<a href="#_ftn19" name="_ftnref19" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn19;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="DE">[19]</span></span></span></span></a>
Dann hatte man womöglich doppelt Pech!</span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Mit Gerechtigkeit
hatte das alles nichts zu tun. Vielleicht noch nicht einmal mit
Wissenschaftlichkeit. Es war einfach nur ein neues Businessmodell. Ein Business
mit dem Tod. Wo man Geld sparte, indem man Leute einfach etwas früher sterben
ließ. Das hätte man freilich auch ohne Big Data haben können. Aber die Ärzte
wollten das nicht. Für solche Entscheidungen wollten sie nicht verantwortlich
sein. Waren sie „zu menschlich“? Fehlte Ihnen die Argumente für die
Verweigerung von Behandlungen? Lieferten nun Algorithmen die Argumente? </span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"></span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;">Sicher ist
jedenfalls, dass Algorithmen suboptimales, defensives Entscheiden fördern.
Schließlich kann die Verantwortung stets auf den Algorithmus geschoben werden. Würden
also bald Algorithmen entscheiden, wann unsere Zeit abgelaufen war, um das
Problem der „Überbevölkerung“ zu lösen? Schwebte ein Damoklesschwert über uns,
ohne dass wir es ahnten? ENDE VON TEIL 1</span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span><div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><br clear="all" /></span>
<hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" />
<div id="ftn1" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR">[1]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="UZ-CYR"> </span><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Learning-Die-Anthropocene-Reflections-Civilization/dp/0872866696/"><span lang="DE">https://www.amazon.com/Learning-Die-Anthropocene-Reflections-Civilization/dp/0872866696/</span></a></span><span lang="DE"> </span></span></span></p><span style="font-size: x-large;">
</span></div><span style="font-size: x-large;">
</span><div id="ftn2">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR">[2]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="UZ-CYR"> </span><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truthahn-Illusion"><span lang="DE">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truthahn-Illusion</span></a></span><span lang="DE"></span></span></span></p>
</div><span style="font-size: x-large;">
</span><div id="ftn3">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR">[3]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="UZ-CYR"> </span><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thanksgiving"><span lang="DE">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thanksgiving</span></a></span><span lang="DE"></span></span></span></p>
</div><span style="font-size: x-large;">
</span><div id="ftn4">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR">[4]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="UZ-CYR"> </span><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Die_Grenzen_des_Wachstums"><span lang="DE">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Die_Grenzen_des_Wachstums</span></a></span><span lang="DE"></span></span></span></p>
</div><span style="font-size: x-large;">
</span><div id="ftn5">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR">[5]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="UZ-CYR"> </span><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_2000_(Studie)"><span lang="DE">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_2000_(Studie)</span></a></span><span lang="DE"></span></span></span></p>
</div><span style="font-size: x-large;">
</span><div id="ftn6">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref6" name="_ftn6" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR">[6]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="UZ-CYR"> </span><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trolley-Problem"><span lang="DE">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trolley-Problem</span></a></span><span lang="DE"> </span></span></span></p>
</div><span style="font-size: x-large;">
</span><div id="ftn7">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref7" name="_ftn7" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR">[7]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="UZ-CYR"> The Moral Machine experiment: </span><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0637-6" target="_blank"><span>https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0637-6</span></a></span><span lang="UZ-CYR"></span></span></span></p>
</div><span style="font-size: x-large;">
</span><div id="ftn8">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref8" name="_ftn8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR">[8]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="UZ-CYR"> </span><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="https://www.daserste.de/specials/ueber-uns/terror-von-schirach-interaktives-fernsehereignis-hart-aber-fair-100.html"><span>https://www.daserste.de/specials/ueber-uns/terror-von-schirach-interaktives-fernsehereignis-hart-aber-fair-100.html</span></a></span><span lang="UZ-CYR"></span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="https://www.ard.de/home/die-ard/presse-kontakt/pressearchiv/_Terror___von_Schirachs_Justizdrama_als_Fernsehereignis/3308200/index.html"><span>https://www.ard.de/home/die-ard/presse-kontakt/pressearchiv/_Terror___von_Schirachs_Justizdrama_als_Fernsehereignis/3308200/index.html</span></a></span><span lang="UZ-CYR"></span></span></span></p>
</div><span style="font-size: x-large;">
</span><div id="ftn9">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref9" name="_ftn9" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR">[9]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="UZ-CYR"> </span><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terror_–_Ihr_Urteil"><span>https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terror_–_Ihr_Urteil</span></a></span><span lang="UZ-CYR"></span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="https://www.daserste.de/unterhaltung/film/terror-ihr-urteil/index.html"><span>https://www.daserste.de/unterhaltung/film/terror-ihr-urteil/index.html</span></a></span><span lang="UZ-CYR"></span></span></span></p>
</div><span style="font-size: x-large;">
</span><div id="ftn10">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref10" name="_ftn10" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR">[10]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="UZ-CYR"> </span><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="https://www.spiegel.de/kultur/tv/terror-in-der-ard-im-namen-des-fernsehvolkes-a-1089541.html"><span>https://www.spiegel.de/kultur/tv/terror-in-der-ard-im-namen-des-fernsehvolkes-a-1089541.html</span></a></span><span lang="UZ-CYR"></span></span></span></p>
</div><span style="font-size: x-large;">
</span><div id="ftn11">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref11" name="_ftn11" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR">[11]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="UZ-CYR"> </span><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="https://www.zeit.de/gesellschaft/zeitgeschehen/2016-10/ard-fernsehen-terror-ferdinand-von-schirach-fischer-im-recht"><span>https://www.zeit.de/gesellschaft/zeitgeschehen/2016-10/ard-fernsehen-terror-ferdinand-von-schirach-fischer-im-recht</span></a></span><span lang="UZ-CYR"></span></span></span></p>
</div><span style="font-size: x-large;">
</span><div id="ftn12">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref12" name="_ftn12" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR">[12]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="UZ-CYR"> </span><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T9hluQoiYYM"><span>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T9hluQoiYYM</span></a></span><span lang="UZ-CYR"></span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B6iJvc3jcDE"><span>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B6iJvc3jcDE</span></a></span><span lang="UZ-CYR"></span></span></span></p>
</div><span style="font-size: x-large;">
</span><div id="ftn13">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref13" name="_ftn13" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR">[13]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="UZ-CYR"> </span><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="https://www.nzz.ch/meinung/ethisch-sterben-die-gefahr-der-moralischen-entgleisung-ld.1542682"><span>https://www.nzz.ch/meinung/ethisch-sterben-die-gefahr-der-moralischen-entgleisung-ld.1542682</span></a></span><span lang="UZ-CYR"> </span></span></span></p>
</div><span style="font-size: x-large;">
</span><div id="ftn14">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref14" name="_ftn14" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR">[14]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="DE"> Tatsächlich arbeitet man
am “Turing Triage Test”, d.h. KI-Systemen, die Triage-Entscheidungen
ununterscheidbar von Menschen treffen können (R. Sparrow, The Turing Triage
Test, Ethics and Information Systems 6, 203-213 (2004) </span><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10676-004-6491-2"><span lang="DE">https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10676-004-6491-2</span></a></span><span lang="DE">). Die Firma “Babylon
Health” scheint solche KI-Lösungen bereits kommerziell anzubieten (Entscheiden
am Ende Algorithmen über Leben und Tod? DIE WELT, 24.12.2020, S. 14). Bereits
am 23. April 2020 war im “MIT Technology Review” zu lesen: “Doctors are using
AI to triage covid-19 patients. </span><span lang="UZ-CYR">The
tools may be here to stay” (</span><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/04/23/1000410/ai-triage-covid-19-patients-health-care/"><span>https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/04/23/1000410/ai-triage-covid-19-patients-health-care/</span></a></span><span lang="UZ-CYR">)</span></span></span></p>
</div><span style="font-size: x-large;">
</span><div id="ftn15">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref15" name="_ftn15" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR">[15]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="DE"> Was Sie wissen müssen,
wenn Dr. Big-Data bald über Leben und Tod entscheidet: „Wir sollten Maschinen
nicht blind vertrauen“, </span><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="https://deutsch.medscape.com/artikelansicht/4906802"><span lang="DE">https://deutsch.medscape.com/artikelansicht/4906802</span></a></span><span lang="DE"> (der vorherige Titel
schien übrigens zu sein: „Todes-Algorithmen“ diktieren Therapie und Kosten);
Der Todesalgorithmus: Computer berechnet Lebenserwartung</span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="https://daserste.ndr.de/panorama/archiv/2017/Der-Todesalgorithmus-Computer-berechnet-Lebenserwartung,todesalgorithmus112.html"><span lang="DE">https://daserste.ndr.de/panorama/archiv/2017/Der-Todesalgorithmus-Computer-berechnet-Lebenserwartung,todesalgorithmus112.html</span></a></span><span lang="DE"> (man lese insbesondere
die Abschnitte „Todesurteil per Mausklick“ und „Berechnungen, die über Leben
und Tod entscheiden“); Künstliche Intelligenz: Der Todesalgorithmus</span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="https://www.zeit.de/kultur/2017-09/kuenstliche-intelligenz-algorithmus-spam-autonomes-fahren"><span lang="DE">https://www.zeit.de/kultur/2017-09/kuenstliche-intelligenz-algorithmus-spam-autonomes-fahren</span></a></span><span lang="DE"></span></span></span></p>
</div><span style="font-size: x-large;">
</span><div id="ftn16">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref16" name="_ftn16" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR">[16]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="UZ-CYR"> </span><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="https://www.boekwinkeltjes.nl/b/153342874/Een-computermodel-voor-het-ondersteunen/"><span lang="DE">https://www.boekwinkeltjes.nl/b/153342874/Een-computermodel-voor-het-ondersteunen/</span></a></span><span lang="DE"></span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="https://www.bol.com/be/f/computermodel-voor-ondersteunen-van-euthanasiebeslissingen/37129233/"><span lang="DE">https://www.bol.com/be/f/computermodel-voor-ondersteunen-van-euthanasiebeslissingen/37129233/</span></a></span><span lang="DE"> </span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="https://books.google.de/books/about/Een_computermodel_voor_het_ondersteunen.html?id=eXqX0Ls4wGQC"><span lang="DE">https://books.google.de/books/about/Een_computermodel_voor_het_ondersteunen.html?id=eXqX0Ls4wGQC</span></a></span><span lang="DE"> </span></span></span></p>
</div><span style="font-size: x-large;">
</span><div id="ftn17">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref17" name="_ftn17" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR">[17]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="UZ-CYR"> </span><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="https://nanopdf.com/download/ethische-modellen-voor-euthanasiebeslissingen_pdf"><span lang="DE">https://nanopdf.com/download/ethische-modellen-voor-euthanasiebeslissingen_pdf</span></a></span><span lang="DE"> </span></span></span></p>
</div><span style="font-size: x-large;">
</span><div id="ftn18">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref18" name="_ftn18" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR">[18]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171222135350/http:/www.zdf.de/nachrichten/heute/software-soll-ueber-leben-und-tod-entscheiden-100.html"><span lang="DE">https://web.archive.org/web/20171222135350/http://www.zdf.de/nachrichten/heute/software-soll-ueber-leben-und-tod-entscheiden-100.html</span></a></span><span lang="DE"> </span></span></span></p>
</div><span style="font-size: x-large;">
</span><div id="ftn19" style="mso-element: footnote;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="#_ftnref19" name="_ftn19" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR"><span><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="UZ-CYR">[19]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="UZ-CYR"> </span><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/digital/falsche-genanalyse-von-us-firma-sorry-fehldiagnose-1.2031046"><span lang="DE">https://www.sueddeutsche.de/digital/falsche-genanalyse-von-us-firma-sorry-fehldiagnose-1.2031046</span></a></span><span lang="DE"></span></span></span></p><span style="font-size: x-large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span><span lang="UZ-CYR"><a href="http://www.focus.de/gesundheit/news/riesige-genom-studie-wissenschaftler-untersuchen-seltene-resistenz-gegen-gendefekte_id_5438194.html"><span lang="DE">http://www.focus.de/gesundheit/news/riesige-genom-studie-wissenschaftler-untersuchen-seltene-resistenz-gegen-gendefekte_id_5438194.html</span></a></span></span><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE;"> </span></span></p>
</div>
</div><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: x-large;">
</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5335071719468565406.post-78713815811692764772020-11-28T13:33:00.001+00:002020-11-30T16:44:47.530+00:00Digital Democracies will be able to combine the best of all systems: Interview with DIrk Helbing <span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b><span style="line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 24.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;">Digital
Democracies will Be Able to Combine the Best of all Systems </span></b>
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span>Sofia, November 20
(Nikolay Velev of BTA) </span></span></span></p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span>Around the world,
we are seeing the rise of different forms of technological totalitarianism but
the future digital democracies will be able to combine the best of all systems:
competition from capitalism, collective intelligence from democracies, trial
and error, and the promotion of superior solutions, and intelligent design
(AI), Dirk Helbing, a professor of computational social science, said in a BTA
interview. He works at the Department of Humanities, Social and Political
Sciences of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich and was among
the participants in an international online conference on The Impact of
Artificial Intelligence on Our Society hosted by Sofia on Friday. Following is
the full interview: </span></span></span></p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span><span style="color: #04ff00;">Q: Prof. Helbing in
your article Will Democracy Survive Big Data and Artificial Intelligence, you
use Kant's famous quote "What is Enlightenment?": "Enlightenment
is man's emergence from his self-imposed immaturity. Immaturity is the
inability to use one's understanding without guidance from another." How
far AI has its roots in the Enlightenment project? Would you give a short
answer to the question you ask in the "Google as God?" </span><br />
A: The problems of the world are complex. Some think we need superintelligent
systems to help us understand and solve our problems. Some would go so far that
such superintelligent systems will soon be around, and they would be so much
superior to today's human beings that they would be similar to Gods, and we
should just do what they say. This would mean to give up our autonomy and
freedom. Control would be handed over to machines. While some consider this a
utopian paradise, others see it as an dystopian future and ultimate threat to
humanity. </span></span></span></p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span><span style="color: #04ff00;">Q: The big concern
of many theorists and critics of industrial capitalism in the late 19th century
and the first half of the 20th century was that men put a lot in their work and
were paid too little for that, had a low living standard and existed merely as
an appendix to the machine. With so much of the present-day forms of labor
involving the virtual space, do you think man-machine relations have changed? </span><br />
A: Companies use Artificial Intelligence and robotics to increase the
efficiency of their production and reduce costs. As long as people have to pay
taxes for their work and robots do not, this is a pretty unfair competition. It
could get millions of workers in trouble. It is clear that we need a new tax
system and also a new social contract so that future societies would work for
humans (and robots would work for them, too). Currently, there is a danger of a
race between man and machine, while the goal should be to create a framework
for human-machine symbiosis. We still have to work on the political, societal
and economic framework for this, and have to do it quickly. </span></span></span></p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span><span style="color: #04ff00;">Q: What, if any, is
the threat for the modern man from having a digital copy of himself in the Big
Data? What are the worst forms of misuse of this data and how far misuse can
go? </span><br />
A: Today, everyone of us is being profiled and targeted. It seems that every
day many megabytes, if not gigabytes of data are being collected about us. This
leads to highly detailed digital doubles, which reflect our economic situation
and consumption behavior, our social network, our behavior, psychology, and
health. Such data can be used to manipulate our thinking, emotions, and
behaviors. It can be used to manipulate elections. It can be used to mob us and
exert pressure on us. And it can be used for life and death decisions, as it
happens in ethical dilemmas such as triage decisions. Most of such data uses
today seem to happen without our explicit knowledge and consent. This is why I
demand a platform for informational self-determination. </span></span></span></p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span><span style="color: #04ff00;">Q: You say that Big
Data is "the oil of twenty first century, but people increasingly add
that, apparently, we haven't invented the motor yet to use it". What do
you think could be the motor and how the economy would change once we invent it
and put it to use? </span><br />
A: Some consider Artificial Intelligence (AI) to be the motor that runs on Big
Data, the so-called "new oil". However, while many of us have an own
car, most AI systems currently work for the interests of very few people only.
I think that we would have to build something like a digital catalyst: a
sufficiently open information ecosystem that everyone can easily contribute to
and seamlessly benefit from. This would allow for combinatorial innovation. </span></span></span></p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span><span style="color: #04ff00;">Q: You quote a
researcher claiming that AI can overperform the human brain by 2030 and all
human brains by 2060. Is there anything in man that the machines cannot beat? </span><br />
A: Big Data and AI neglect whatever cannot be measured well. This concerns
human consciousness, love, freedom, creativity, and human dignity, for example.
These are characteristics that matter a lot for humans. Therefore, I think that
humans are not just biological robots. We should not confuse the two. Being
confronted with intelligent machines will eventually show us what it really
means to be human and what is special about us. </span></span></span></p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span>Q: You say that 90
per cent of the present-day professions are based on skills which can soon be
replaced by machine algorithms or robots. If that many people lose their jobs,
should we expect new social stratification based on virtual space? Do you see a
risk for such possible stratification to bring about a repetition of some
events of the 20th century?</span></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span> </span></span></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span> </span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span>A: Such revolutions
have typically brought serious societal instabilities along with them such as
wars. A lot of people died on battlefields, because social reforms were lagging
behind. If we are not smarter this time, such a situation could indeed happen
again. This time, however, autonomous systems might decide about lives and
deaths. Such deadly triage decisions would call the very foundations of our
civilization in question. Triage means a war-like regime, in which human rights
and human dignity are restricted so much that even the right to live is called
in question. </span></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span>Q: In your book
Towards Digital Enlightenment: Essays on the Dark and Light Sides of the
Digital Revolution, you use the term "digital fascism". Could you
tell us how it differs from the traditional totalitarian ideologies in the 20th
century and what new threats it brings for society? </span></span></span></span></p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span>A: Around the
world, we are seeing the rise of different forms of technological
totalitarianism. The Western variant is often called "surveillance
capitalism", and people are treated according to scores such as the
"customer lifetime value". In other countries such as China, a
behavior-based "social credit score" determines the rights,
opportunities, and lives of people, who are thereby turned into submissive
subjects. These systems are characterized by a strange combination of a
digitally enabled communism (command economy), feudalism (due to their
hierarchical nature), and fascism (due to their suppressive nature). Typical
elements of today's digital societies are: mass surveillance, experiments with
people, behavioral manipulation and mind control, social engineering,
propaganda and censorship, forced conformity, (predictive) policing, the
interference with privacy and human rights, and the management of people
similar to objects, ignoring human dignity. </span></span></span></p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span><span style="color: #04ff00;">Q: If fascism has
become digital, what should be the resistance against it? </span><br />
A: This is a difficult question, as nobody can really escape surveillance in
the cyber-physical world of today. Avoiding digital devices and platforms does
not seem to be a real option. Usually, politicians and courts should ensure a
benevolent use of technology, but in view of "overpopulation" and
"lack of sustainability", they seem to be losing control, as the
"Corona emergency" and "climate emergency" show.
Nevertheless, we need to ensure a fair use of AI that benefits everyone
according to the principle of equal opportunities. Everything else is destined
to fail, if you ask me. We are in the middle of a struggle with the old powers
reigning the material, consumption-oriented, carbon-based energy world. We need
to break free from the shackles of that era to enter a new age of peace and
prosperity. </span></span></span></p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span><span style="color: #04ff00;">Q: Does global
communication on Internet help or hinder democracy? </span><br />
A: Both. Despite efforts to control global communication through algorithms,
there is a lot of self-organization in the increasingly networked world we are
living in. It is time to upgrade democracies with digital means, because
empowering citizens and civil society is going to make our countries more
resilient, such that they can better cope with the challenges ahead of us. </span></span></span></p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span><span style="color: #04ff00;">Q: Do we need an
entirely new form of democracy today or we need to stand up for what the
Western societies have achieved? </span><br />
A: We need to develop further what we have achieved in the past. In fact,
digital democracies will be able to combine the best of all systems:
competition (capitalism), collective intelligence (democracies), trial and
error, and the promotion of superior solutions (evolution and culture), and
intelligent design (AI). Digital democracies will make our societies resilient
to challenges and surprises, disasters and crises, by a combination of
redundancies, diverse solutions, decentralized organization, participatory approaches,
solidarity, and digital assistance supporting self-organization and mutual
help. </span></span></span></p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span>NV <i>Source: Sofia</i></span></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span><i> </i></span></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #04ff00;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span><i>Reprinted with kind permission from Bulgarian News Agency. <a href="http://www.bta.bg/en/c/DF/id/2314493" target="_blank">Link to Post</a> <br /></i></span></span></span></span></p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">
</span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5335071719468565406.post-62602625909196116572020-11-26T17:43:00.011+00:002020-11-26T17:49:29.564+00:00DEATH BY ALGORITHM: WHY WE SHOULD LEARN TO LIVE, NOT LEARN TO DIE <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</span><span style="font-size: large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;"><i>Letting algorithms decide how to make planet Earth a better
place, may not always be a good idea, in particular when they are allowed to
decide about life and death. Have we already arrived in a dystopian digital world?
</i></span></p><span style="font-size: large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;">With the pandemic gaining traction, a question absent for
decades suddenly re-enters the world stage: triage and the question of who
should die first, if capacities are not enough for everyone. This reminds one
of some of the darkest chapters in human history. In fact, people have been
working on the subject of computer-based euthansia already for some time. Such
questions emerged long before the Corona virus pandemic – due to humanity’s
overconsumption of resources. </span></p><span style="font-size: large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;">“Learning to Die in the Anthropocene” is the title of Roy
Scranton’s bestseller published in 2015. The Anthropocene, the age in which
mankind shapes the fate of planet Earth, comes with existential threats, as
reflected, for example, by the UN Agenda 2030. We seem to be stuck in a dilemma
between continuing our beloved everyday habits of an exploitative life – and
knowing that we should change our behavior. So, what would be more obvious than
asking Artificial Intelligence to fix the world? </span></p><span style="font-size: large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;">Maybe we should think twice. The question is dealt with by a
number of daredevil science fiction novels such as Frank Schätzing's 'Tyranny
of the Butterfly', which ‘solve’ the sustainable development problem in a cruel
way – in order to question such solutions. </span></p><span style="font-size: large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;">But how far from reality are these fiction worlds? Terms
such as “depopulation” and “eugenics” have been circulating in think tanks and
workshops around the world for quite some time. </span></p><span style="font-size: large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;">Is dystopia already here, given that AI is helping to triage
Corona virus patients? Are we now confronted with the “trolley problem” and
need to make tough decisions, as some people suggest? </span></p><span style="font-size: large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;">The “trolley problem” is a so-called moral dilemma that has
often been discussed in connection with autonomous cars. It has been suggested
that it’s about saving lives, but in fact it asks the question: “if not
everyone can survive, who has to die?”. </span></p><span style="font-size: large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;">If one does nothing, several people will be run over by a
trolley – or car. If one interferes, however, fewer people will die – but some
people will be actively killed. Today's jurisdiction prohibits this, also
because there would otherwise be circumstances enabling one to murder people as
collateral. </span></p><span style="font-size: large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;">“Lesser evils” are still evils. Once our society starts to
find them acceptable, one can knock down every foundational principle of our
constitution – including the right to live. Suddenly, shocking questions appear
to be acceptable such as: “If an autonomous car cannot brake quickly enough –
should it kill a grandmother or an unemployed person?” Such kinds of questions
have been recently asked within the so-called “moral machine experiment”. By
now, however, it has been judged that such experiments are not a suitable basis
for policy making. People would anyway prefer an algorithm that is fair.
Potentially this would mean to take random decisions. </span></p><span style="font-size: large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;">Of course, we do not want to suggest that people should be
randomly killed – or killed at all. This would in grave contradiction of human
dignity, even if it was a painless death. Our thought experiment, however,
suggests that we should make a greater effort to change the world. </span></p><span style="font-size: large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;">We should not accept the trolley problem as a given reality.
If it produces unacceptable solutions, we should change the setting, e.g. drive
more slowly or equip cars with better brakes and other safety technology.
Coming back to planet Earth – the sustainability problem would not have to be
there. It is our current way of doing business, our economic organization,
today’s mobility concept and conventional supply chain management, which are
the problems. Why don’t we have a circular and sharing economy yet – 50 years
after the “Limits to Growth” study? This is the question we should ask. Why
haven’t we been better prepared for a global pandemic, if it was predicted to
happen?</span></p><span style="font-size: large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;">Big Data, Artificial Intelligence and digital technologies
have prepared us surprisingly little for the challenges we are currently faced
with, be it “climate emergency” or “Corona emergency”, migration or terror. And
it has a reason: While it sounds good “to optimize the world” in a data-driven
way – optimization is based on a one-dimensional goal function, mapping the
complexity of the world to a single index. This cannot be appropriate, and it
does not work well. It largely neglects the potentials of immaterial network
effects and underestimates human problem-solving capacity as well as the
world’s carrying capacity. </span></p><span style="font-size: large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;">Nature, in contrast, does not optimize. It co-evolves, and
is doing much better, for example, in terms of sustainability and circular supply
networks. Our economy and society could certainly benefit a lot from
bio-inspired, eco-system kinds of solutions, particularly symbiotic ones. </span></p><span style="font-size: large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;">In challenging times like these, it is important to organize
and manage the world in a resilient way. This is the best insurance not to end
up with problems like triage. We need to be able to flexibly adapt to surprises
and recover from shocks such as disasters and crises. In these troubled times,
instead of “learning to die”, we should “learn to live”. Resilience can in fact
be increased by a number of measures, including redundancies, diverse
solutions, decentralized organization, participatory approaches, solidarity,
and digital assistance – solutions that should be locally sustainable for
extended periods of time. </span></p><span style="font-size: large;">
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>Dirk Helbing, Professor of Computational Social Science, ETH
Zürich, Switzerland <span style="color: #2b00fe;">(dirk.helbing@gess.ethz.ch), <a href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ebrNfPAAAAAJ&hl=de">Link to Google Scholar</a></span></b></span> </p><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>
</b></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>Peter Seele, Professor of Business Ethics at USI Lugano,
Switzerland <span style="color: #2b00fe;">(peter.seele@usi.ch), </span><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><a href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=de&user=Dkra6uYAAAAJ&view_op=list_works" target="_blank">Link to Google Scholar</a></span><br />
</b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>An edited version of this contribution has been published as
OpEd in Project Syndicate</b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b><a href="https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/artificial-intelligence-resilience-covid19-climate-change-by-dirk-helbing-and-peter-seele-2020-11" target="_blank">Link here</a> <br /></b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>
</b></span><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p><span style="font-size: large;">
</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5335071719468565406.post-49363419844847178212020-11-05T14:26:00.002+00:002020-11-05T14:28:14.292+00:00HOW ANTICIPATION CAN END UP BEING UNETHICAL, IMMORAL OR IRRESPONSIBLE<span style="font-family: verdana;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><i>Suppose, we tried to anticipate the future of plant Earth: What could possibly go wrong? </i></b><br /><br />Imagine one day, models of the future of Earth would predict the collapse of economy and civilization, and a dramatic drop in population, e.g. due to anticipated resource shortages. What might be the issues of such an „apocalyptic“ forecast? <br /><br />First of all, remember that – even though some are useful – “all models are wrong”. This may lead to <span style="color: red;">wrong conclusions and actions</span>, which could cause harm. (I expect such a situation, for example, for current “world simulation” approaches. These neglect important innovation, interaction, context and network effects, particularly symbiotic ones, which could considerably increase the carrying capacity compared to current estimates.) <br /><br />Think tanks may start discussing the consequences of an “apocalyptic scenario”, and propose what to do about it. First of all, they might conclude that resources would not be enough for everyone, and hence access to them would have to be <span style="color: red;">surveilled, centrally controlled</span>, and prioritized, say, by means of some kind of <span style="color: red;">citizen score</span>. Therefore, it seems that emergencies would require and allow one to <span style="color: red;">overrule human rights</span>. One might argue that <span style="color: red;">democracies</span> would have to be <span style="color: red;">overhauled</span> and replaced by a global technocracy that <span style="color: red;">manages people like things</span>. <br /><br />One might argue that one would have to act according to the principle of the <span style="color: red;">“smaller evil”</span>, as exemplified by the <span style="color: red;">“trolley problem”</span>. According to this, <span style="color: red;">any regulation, law or constitutional principle could be teared down</span> for some supposedly overarching principle (such as “global health”). This could even touch the right to live, which might be overruled by <span style="color: red;">triage decisions</span>. <br /><br />Now, suppose such considerations would <span style="color: red;">lack transparency</span>. They would then be discussed mostly by insiders, but not by parliaments, the science community or general public at large “due to the sensitivity of the issue”. <br /><br />Then, these insiders may start working on their own solutions of the problem, <span style="color: red;">without democratic legitimacy</span>, and turn problems of life and death into <span style="color: red;">profitable business models</span>. <br /><br />From then on, these problems would be mainly seen from the perspective of <span style="color: red;">profit maximization</span>. The bigger the problem or the greater the emergency, the more profitable things would get… <br /><br />The <span style="color: red;">excess deaths</span> would be handled by the triage principle, and <span style="color: red;">saving lives would probably not be a priority anymore</span>. <br /><br /><span style="color: red;">T</span><span style="color: red;">his is how anticipating an ”apocalypse” can actually cause an apocalypse like a self-fulfilling prophecy, and overrule all and any ethical principle, even if factually such a scenario would not have to happen at all (which is what I think).</span> <br /><br />I would not be surprised if there were people smart enough to understand that, if one wanted to replace democracies by hierarchical, neofeudalistic systems, disasters and crises would be just the perfect means to accomplish the job. <br /><br />In any case, <span style="color: red;">to avoid that anticipation ends up with irresponsible, immoral or even criminal action or neglection, we need a suitable ethics of anticipation.</span> <br /><br />Anticipation, of course, does not have to be a bad thing. It can open up our minds for opportunities and risks. Such insights should be transparently and publicly evaluated and discussed. <br /><br />Modeling complex systems, for example, has provided us with a better understanding of traffic jams, crowd disasters, and epidemic spreading. This can be used to reduce problems and risks. Such models can guide proactive measures that can avoid or mitigate potential trouble and harm. <br /><br />In case of expected resource shortages, it is clear what needs to be done: reduce resource consumption, where possible, build reserves, increase capacity, improve resource efficiency, build a circular economy, share goods and services. <br /><br />However, this is not all: When faced with uncertainty (which is the case, when probabilistic effects are coupled with network-related cascading effects), damage may hardly be predictable and large. In such cases, a resilient organization of society is in place, as we need to be able to flexibly adapt to surprises and recover from shocks such as disasters and crises. <br /><br />Resilience can in fact be increased by a number of measures, including redundancies, diverse solutions, decentralized organization, participatory approaches, solidarity, and digital assistance – solutions that should be locally sustainable for extended periods of time. <br /><br />Note that these solutions are very different from global surveillance, behavioral control and triage. They are rather in support of digital democracy, City Olympics, a socio-ecological finance system, and democratic capitalism. In other words, even if the analysis “there is trouble ahead” (assuming a lack of sustainability) were correct, the conclusions and measures should have been very different.<br /> </span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0